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Akzidentelle Hypothermie – Update 2023

verfasst von: PD Dr. Simon Rauch, PhD, PD Dr. Hermann Brugger, PD Dr. Peter Paal

Erschienen in: Notfall + Rettungsmedizin | Ausgabe 5/2023

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Zusammenfassung

Akzidentelle Hypothermie ist ein unwillkürlicher Abfall der Körperkerntemperatur (KKT) < 35 °C. Vasokonstriktion und Muskelzittern sind wichtige gegenregulatorische Mechanismen; versagen diese, sinkt die KKT weiter ab, das Muskelzittern sistiert, der Patient verliert zunehmend das Bewusstsein; das Risiko eines Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstands steigt < 32 °C an. Eine Hypothermie kann ganzjährig und auch in geschlossenen Räumen auftreten. Die primäre Hypothermie wird durch Kälteeinwirkung auf einen gesunden Organismus ausgelöst. Bei der sekundären Hypothermie induzieren andere pathologische Zustände durch Störung der Thermoregulation einen Temperaturabfall. Die KKT sollte als Vitalparameter bei jedem Notfallpatienten gemessen werden. Patienten mit milder Hypothermie (> 32 °C) können durch aktive Bewegung, trockene Kleidung und warme Getränke wiedererwärmt werden. Bei KKT< 32 °C stehen Sicherung der Vitalfunktionen, bewegungsarme Versorgung und Ganzkörperisolation im Vordergrund. Patienten mit einem hypothermiebedingten Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand sollten extrakorporal wiedererwärmt werden; die Prognose ist günstig.

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Titel: Akzidentelle Hypothermie – Update 2023
verfasst von: PD Dr. Simon Rauch, PhD
PD Dr. Hermann Brugger
PD Dr. Peter Paal
Publikationsdatum: 13.07.2023
Verlag: Springer Medizin
Erschienen in: Notfall + Rettungsmedizin / Ausgabe 5/2023
Print ISSN: 1434-6222
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-0578
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10049-023-01180-7

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