Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie 2/2015

01.02.2015 | CME Zertifizierte Fortbildung

Systolische Herzinsuffizienz bei älteren Patienten

verfasst von: Dr. med. Jeanette Normann

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie | Ausgabe 2/2015

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Der Herzinsuffizienz kommt bei zunehmender Prävalenz im Alter wachsende Bedeutung zu. Bereits bei gesunden älteren Individuen zeigen sich physiologische Veränderungen im Herz-Kreislauf-System, die durch weitere Risikofaktoren und Komorbiditäten moduliert werden sowie das Entstehen einer Herzinsuffizienz begünstigen. Die Symptome äußern sich bei älteren Patienten häufig untypisch und können durch andere Erkrankungen überlagert sein. Zur Diagnosestellung kommt insbesondere als nichtinvasives Verfahren die Echokardiographie zum Einsatz, die durch weitere bildgebende und serologische Untersuchungen wie Konzentrationsbestimmung des „brain natriuretic peptide“ (BNP) oder „N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide“ (NTproBNP) ergänzt werden kann. Beim älteren Patienten liegt häufig eine Polypharmazie vor. Dies sollte bei der Therapie und der Auswahl der Medikamente berücksichtigt werden. Therapeutische Ziele sind v. a. die Verbesserungen von Lebensqualität und von Symptomen.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL et al (2013) Heart disease and stroke statistics-2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 127:e6–e245CrossRefPubMed Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL et al (2013) Heart disease and stroke statistics-2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 127:e6–e245CrossRefPubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Lakatta EG, Levy D (2003) Arterial and cardiac aging: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises: part I: aging arteries: a „set up“ for vascular disease. Circulation 107:139–146CrossRefPubMed Lakatta EG, Levy D (2003) Arterial and cardiac aging: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises: part I: aging arteries: a „set up“ for vascular disease. Circulation 107:139–146CrossRefPubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Forman DE, Ahmed A, Fleg JL (2013) Heart failure in very old adults. Curr Heart Fail Rep 10:387–400CrossRefPubMed Forman DE, Ahmed A, Fleg JL (2013) Heart failure in very old adults. Curr Heart Fail Rep 10:387–400CrossRefPubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Manolio TA, Furberg CD, Rautaharju PM et al (1994) Cardiac arrhythmias on 24-h ambulatory electrocardiography in older women and men: the cardiovascular health study. J Am Coll Cardiol 23:916–25CrossRefPubMed Manolio TA, Furberg CD, Rautaharju PM et al (1994) Cardiac arrhythmias on 24-h ambulatory electrocardiography in older women and men: the cardiovascular health study. J Am Coll Cardiol 23:916–25CrossRefPubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Lakatta EG (2003) Arterial and cardiac aging: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises: part III: cellular and molecular clues to heart and arterial aging. Circulation 107:490–497CrossRefPubMed Lakatta EG (2003) Arterial and cardiac aging: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises: part III: cellular and molecular clues to heart and arterial aging. Circulation 107:490–497CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Saczynski JS, Darling CE, Spencer FA et al (2009) Clinical features, treatment practices, and hospital and long-term outcomes of older patients hospitalized with decompensated heart failure: the Worcester heart failure study. J Am Geriatr Soc 57:1587–1594CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Saczynski JS, Darling CE, Spencer FA et al (2009) Clinical features, treatment practices, and hospital and long-term outcomes of older patients hospitalized with decompensated heart failure: the Worcester heart failure study. J Am Geriatr Soc 57:1587–1594CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Hanon O, Vidal JS, de Groote P et al (2014) Prevalence of memory disorders in ambulatory patients aged ≥ 70 years with chronic heart failure (from EFICARE study). Am J Cardiol 113:1205–1210 Hanon O, Vidal JS, de Groote P et al (2014) Prevalence of memory disorders in ambulatory patients aged ≥ 70 years with chronic heart failure (from EFICARE study). Am J Cardiol 113:1205–1210
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Dodson JA, Chaudhry SI (2012) Geriatric conditions in heart failure. Curr Cardiovasc Rep 6:404–410CrossRef Dodson JA, Chaudhry SI (2012) Geriatric conditions in heart failure. Curr Cardiovasc Rep 6:404–410CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Khan H, Kalogeropoulos AP, Georgiopoulou VV et al (2013) Frailty and risk for heart failure in older adults: the health, aging, and body composition study. Am Heart J 166:887–894CrossRefPubMed Khan H, Kalogeropoulos AP, Georgiopoulou VV et al (2013) Frailty and risk for heart failure in older adults: the health, aging, and body composition study. Am Heart J 166:887–894CrossRefPubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Rodriguez-Pascual C, Vilches-Moraga A, Paredes-Galan E et al (2012) Comprehensive geriatric assessment and hospital Mortality among older adults with decompensated heart failure. Am Heart J 164:756–762CrossRefPubMed Rodriguez-Pascual C, Vilches-Moraga A, Paredes-Galan E et al (2012) Comprehensive geriatric assessment and hospital Mortality among older adults with decompensated heart failure. Am Heart J 164:756–762CrossRefPubMed
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Von Haehling S, Anker SD, Doehner W et al (2013) Frailty and heart disease. Int J Cardiol 168:1745–1747 Von Haehling S, Anker SD, Doehner W et al (2013) Frailty and heart disease. Int J Cardiol 168:1745–1747
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Abete P, Della-Morte D, Gargiulo G et al (2014) Cognitive impairment and cardiovascular diseases in the elderly. A heart-brain continuum hypothesis. Ageing Res Rev 18c:41–52CrossRef Abete P, Della-Morte D, Gargiulo G et al (2014) Cognitive impairment and cardiovascular diseases in the elderly. A heart-brain continuum hypothesis. Ageing Res Rev 18c:41–52CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat McMurray JV, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD et al (2012) ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. Eur Heart J 33:1787–1847CrossRefPubMed McMurray JV, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD et al (2012) ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. Eur Heart J 33:1787–1847CrossRefPubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Keyzer JM, Hoffmann JJ, Ringoir L et al (2014) Age-and gender-specific brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) reference ranges in primary care. Clin Chem Lab Med 52:1341–1346CrossRefPubMed Keyzer JM, Hoffmann JJ, Ringoir L et al (2014) Age-and gender-specific brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) reference ranges in primary care. Clin Chem Lab Med 52:1341–1346CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Curtis JP, Selter JG, Wang Y et al (2005) The obesity paradox: body mass index and outcomes in patients with heart failure. Arch Intern Med 165:55–61CrossRefPubMed Curtis JP, Selter JG, Wang Y et al (2005) The obesity paradox: body mass index and outcomes in patients with heart failure. Arch Intern Med 165:55–61CrossRefPubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat O’Connor CM, Whellan DJ, Lee KL et al (2009) Efficacy and safety of exercice training in patients with chronic heart failure: HF-Action randomized controlled trial. JAMA 301:1439–1450CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed O’Connor CM, Whellan DJ, Lee KL et al (2009) Efficacy and safety of exercice training in patients with chronic heart failure: HF-Action randomized controlled trial. JAMA 301:1439–1450CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat The SOLVD Investigators (1991) Effect of enalapril in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 325:293–302CrossRef The SOLVD Investigators (1991) Effect of enalapril in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med 325:293–302CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E, Moye LA et al (1992) Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial. N Engl J Med 327:669–677CrossRefPubMed Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E, Moye LA et al (1992) Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial. N Engl J Med 327:669–677CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Pitt B, Segal R, Martinez FA et al (1997) Randomised trial of losartan versus captopril in patients over 65 years with heart failure (Evaluation of Losartan in the Elderly Study, ELITE). Lancet 349:747–752CrossRefPubMed Pitt B, Segal R, Martinez FA et al (1997) Randomised trial of losartan versus captopril in patients over 65 years with heart failure (Evaluation of Losartan in the Elderly Study, ELITE). Lancet 349:747–752CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Pitt B, Poole-Wilson PA, Segal R et al (2000) Effect of losartan compared with captopril on mortality in patients with symptomatic heart failure: randomised trial-the Losartan heart failure survival study ELITE II. Lancet 355:1582–1587CrossRefPubMed Pitt B, Poole-Wilson PA, Segal R et al (2000) Effect of losartan compared with captopril on mortality in patients with symptomatic heart failure: randomised trial-the Losartan heart failure survival study ELITE II. Lancet 355:1582–1587CrossRefPubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat McMurray JJ, Ostergren J, Swedberg K et al (2003) Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial. Lancet 362:767–771 McMurray JJ, Ostergren J, Swedberg K et al (2003) Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial. Lancet 362:767–771
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ et al (1999) The effect of spironolacton on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 341:709–717CrossRefPubMed Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ et al (1999) The effect of spironolacton on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med 341:709–717CrossRefPubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Pitt B, Remme W, Zannad F et al (2003) Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 348:1309–1321CrossRefPubMed Pitt B, Remme W, Zannad F et al (2003) Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 348:1309–1321CrossRefPubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Ahmed A, Young JB, Love TE et al (2008) A propensity-matched study of the effects of chronic diuretic therapy on mortality and hospitalization in older adults with heart failure. Int J Cardiol 125:246–253CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed Ahmed A, Young JB, Love TE et al (2008) A propensity-matched study of the effects of chronic diuretic therapy on mortality and hospitalization in older adults with heart failure. Int J Cardiol 125:246–253CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Swedberg K, Komajda M, Bohm M et al (2010) Ivabradine and outcomes in chronic heart failure (SHIFT): a randomised placebo-controlled study. Lancet 376:875–885CrossRefPubMed Swedberg K, Komajda M, Bohm M et al (2010) Ivabradine and outcomes in chronic heart failure (SHIFT): a randomised placebo-controlled study. Lancet 376:875–885CrossRefPubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Fox K, Ford I, Steg PG et al (2014) Ivabradine in stable coronary artery disease without clinical heart failure. N Eng J Med 371:1091–1099 Fox K, Ford I, Steg PG et al (2014) Ivabradine in stable coronary artery disease without clinical heart failure. N Eng J Med 371:1091–1099
27.
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Santanelli P, DiBiase L, Dello Russo A et al (2010) Meta-analysis: age and effectiveness of prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. Ann Intern Med 153:592–599CrossRef Santanelli P, DiBiase L, Dello Russo A et al (2010) Meta-analysis: age and effectiveness of prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. Ann Intern Med 153:592–599CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Huang DT, Sesselberg HW, McNitt S et al (2007) Improved survival associated with prophylactic implantable defibrillators in elderly patients with prior myocardial infarction and depressed ventricular function: a MADIT-II-substudy. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 18:833–838CrossRefPubMed Huang DT, Sesselberg HW, McNitt S et al (2007) Improved survival associated with prophylactic implantable defibrillators in elderly patients with prior myocardial infarction and depressed ventricular function: a MADIT-II-substudy. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 18:833–838CrossRefPubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Penn J, Goldenberg I, Moss AJ, McNitt S, ZAreba W, Klein HU, CAnnom DS, Solomon SD, Barsheshet A, Huang DT, MADIT-CRT Trial investigators (2011) Improved outcome with preventive cardiac resynchronization therapy in the elderly: a MADIT-CRT substudy. J Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol 22:892–897CrossRef Penn J, Goldenberg I, Moss AJ, McNitt S, ZAreba W, Klein HU, CAnnom DS, Solomon SD, Barsheshet A, Huang DT, MADIT-CRT Trial investigators (2011) Improved outcome with preventive cardiac resynchronization therapy in the elderly: a MADIT-CRT substudy. J Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol 22:892–897CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Makkar RR, Fontana GP, Jilaihawi H et al (2012) Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement for inoperable severe aortic stenosis. N Engl J Med 366:1696–1704CrossRefPubMed Makkar RR, Fontana GP, Jilaihawi H et al (2012) Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement for inoperable severe aortic stenosis. N Engl J Med 366:1696–1704CrossRefPubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Feldman T, Foster E, Glower DD et al (2011) Percutaneous repair or surgery for mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med 364:1395–1406CrossRefPubMed Feldman T, Foster E, Glower DD et al (2011) Percutaneous repair or surgery for mitral regurgitation. N Engl J Med 364:1395–1406CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Systolische Herzinsuffizienz bei älteren Patienten
verfasst von
Dr. med. Jeanette Normann
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie / Ausgabe 2/2015
Print ISSN: 0948-6704
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1269
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-014-0853-0

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2015

Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie 2/2015 Zur Ausgabe

Journal Club

Journal Club

Originalien

Age-Wohnmatrix

Beiträge zum Themenschwerpunkt

Resident Assessment Instrument in der Schweiz