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2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

15. Frühgeburt: Pränatale und intrapartale Aspekte

verfasst von : Hanns Helmer, Henning Schneider

Erschienen in: Die Geburtshilfe

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Infektionen, Aktivierung der Inflammationskaskaden, Überdehnung des Uterus, Fehlbildungen des Uterus, mütterlicher Stress sowie verschiedene Formen der Plazentapathologie sind die Hauptursachen von spontanen Frühgeburten. Davon abzugrenzen sind die medizinisch indizierten Frühgeburten nach einer indizierten Schwangerschaftsbeendigung wegen mütterlicher oder fetaler Pathologie.
Die Behandlung einer vorzeitigen Wehentätigkeit mittels der Tokolyse ermöglicht eine kurzfristige Schwangerschaftsverlängerung zur Induktion der Lungenreifung durch Verabreichung von Glukokortikoiden und Verlegung in ein Perinatalzentrum. Für Frühgeborene, insbesondere sehr kleine Frühgeborene mit einem Geburtsgewicht von <1.500 g, hat sich in den letzten Jahren die Prognose stark verbessert. Gründe sind Zentralisierung von Hochrisikogeburten, eine verbesserte interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung der neonatalen Intensivmedizin.
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Metadaten
Titel
Frühgeburt: Pränatale und intrapartale Aspekte
verfasst von
Hanns Helmer
Henning Schneider
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45064-2_15