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Buchtitelbild

2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

1. Präimplantation, Implantation und Plazentation

verfasst von : Henning Schneider, Luigi Raio, Jürgen Pollheimer, Martin Knöfler

Erschienen in: Die Geburtshilfe

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

4–5 Tage nach der Ovulation erreicht die Zygote die Uterushöhle, nachdem die Zellteilung bereits während der Passage durch die Tube begonnen hat. Am Anfang der Plazentation verschmelzen die Trophoblastepithelien zu einem Synzytium, und durch den Kontakt mit der Dezidua beginnt eine starke Proliferation des Zytotrophoblasten mit Bildung von Primärzotten, die sich über Sekundär- in Stroma- und gefäßhaltige Tertiärzotten entwickeln. Das Vordringen des extravillösen Trophoblasten in die Dezidua ist für die Verankerung der Plazenta sowie die Umwandlung der Endarterien des uterinen Kreislaufes, der Spiralarterien, in weite Gefäßschläuche von entscheidender Bedeutung. Das Verzweigungswachstum der Plazentazotten und die begleitende Angiogenese in den Zotten vervollständigen die frühe Entwicklung der Plazenta. Störungen können eine Reihe von Schwangerschaftskomplikationen wie Fehlgeburt, Präeklampsie, vorzeitige Plazentalösung, Placenta accreta und Störung des fetalen Wachstums verursachen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Präimplantation, Implantation und Plazentation
verfasst von
Henning Schneider
Luigi Raio
Jürgen Pollheimer
Martin Knöfler
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45064-2_1