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2021 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

9. Sensorisch afferente Stimulation

verfasst von : Stefan M. Golaszewski

Erschienen in: Funktionelle Elektrostimulation in der Neurorehabilitation

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Zunehmend wird die Bedeutung der Neuromodulation mit nichtinvasiver Hirnstimulation (NIBS) zur Outcome-Verbesserung in der Neurorehabilitation klar. Sensorisch-afferente Elektrostimulation (SAES) als ein Verfahren der NIBS induziert im sensorimotorischen Kortex Neuromodulation auf synaptischer Ebene mit Induktion von Kurzzeit-, Langzeit- und struktureller Plastizität. Es kommen gepulste elektrische Stimuli zur Anwendung, wodurch Aktionspotenziale in afferenten Nervenfasern ausgelöst werden, die zu einem erhöhten sensorisch-afferenten Input des Gehirns führen. Diskutiert werden die der SAES zugrunde liegenden neurobiologischen Mechanismen, biophysikalische Mechanismen der Auslösung von Aktionspotenzialen in afferenten Nervenfasern und technische Stimulationsparameter. Hinsichtlich der Evidenz für SAES bei der sensorimotorischen Parese und beim Neglekt wird die Literatur reviewt, evidenzbasierte Empfehlungen werden gegeben und Möglichkeiten zur Verbesserung der Therapieeffekte diskutiert.
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Metadaten
Titel
Sensorisch afferente Stimulation
verfasst von
Stefan M. Golaszewski
Copyright-Jahr
2021
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61705-2_9