nach oben

Erschienen in:

2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

40. Schulterdystokie

verfasst von : Joachim Gnirs, Karl-Theo M. Schneider

Erschienen in: Die Geburtshilfe

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Die Schulterdystokie zählt zu den seltenen, aber besonders gefährlichen Geburtskomplikationen. Neben der Geburtsasphyxie stehen Frakturen und Armplexusparesen im Vordergrund. Die fetale Makrosomie ist der wichtigste Risikofaktor; gerade Kindsgewichte >4000 g werden häufig stark unterschätzt. Eine sinnvolle Prävention, z. B. durch frühzeitigere Geburtseinleitung, steht allenfalls bei fetaler Makrosomie in Kombination mit maternalem Diabetes mellitus oder Gestationsdiabetes zur Diskussion. Die klinische wie sonographische Makrosomiediagnostik ist für die Indikationstellung zur Sectio caesarea zu unpräzise. Die Eltern sollten über individuelle Risikofaktoren (z. B. Makrosomieverdacht, Z. n. Schulterdystokie) und Behandlungsalternativen (Einleitung/Sectio caesarea) aufgeklärt werden.

Bei einer manifesten Schulterdystokie sollte zunächst das McRoberts-Manöver genutzt werden, da es wenig traumatisierend ist und häufig schon ohne additive Maßnahmen die Geburt der Schultern ermöglicht.

Vorheriges Kapitel Regelwidrigkeiten des Geburtsmechanismus: Poleinstellungsanomalien

Nächstes Kapitel Pathologie der Plazentarperiode

Acker DB, Sachs BP, Friedman EA (1985) Risk factors for shoulder dystocia. Obstet Gynecol 66:762–768PubMed

Acker DB, Gregory KD, Sachs BP, Friedman EA (1988) Risk factors for Erb-Duchenne palsy. Obstet Gynecol 71:389–392PubMed

Allen R (2007) On the mechanical aspects of shoulder dystocia and birth injury. Clin Obstet Gynecol 50:607–623CrossRefPubMed

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (2000) Fetal macrosomia, Practice bulletin no 22. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Washington, DC

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) (2002) Shoulder dystocia, Practice bulletin no 40. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Washington, DC

Baskett T, Allen A (1995) Perinatal implications of shoulder dystocia. Obstet Gynecol 86:14–17CrossRefPubMed

Baxley EG, Gobbo RW (2004) Shoulder dystocia. Am Fam Physician 69:1707–1714PubMed

Benedetti TJ (1989) Added complications of shoulder dystocia. Contemp Obstet Gynecol 33:150–161

Bruner JP, Drummond SB, Meenan AL, Gaskin IM (1998) All-fours maneuver for reducing shoulder dystocia during labor. J Reprod Med 43:439–443PubMed

Christoffersson M, Rydhstroem H (2002) Shoulder dystocia and brachial plexus injury: a population-based study. Gynecol Obstet Invest 53:42–47CrossRefPubMed

Cluver CA, Hofmeyr GJ (2009) Posterior axilla sling traction. A technique for intractable shoulder dystocia. Obstet Gynecol 113:486–488CrossRefPubMed

Combs CA, Singh NB, Khoury JC (1993) Elective induction versus spontaneous labor after sonographic diagnosis of fetal macrosomia. Obstet Gynecol 81:492–496PubMed

Crowther CA, Hiller JE, Moss JR et al (2005) Effect of treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus on pregnancy outcomes. N Engl J Med 352:2477–2486CrossRefPubMed

Curran JS (1981) Birth-associated injury. Clin Perinatol 8:111–129PubMed

Deering SH, Weeks L, Benedetti T (2011) Evaluation of force applied during deliveries complicated by shoulder dystocia using simulation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 204:234.e1–234.e5CrossRef

DGGG – Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe (2010) Empfehlungen zur Schulterdystokie – Erkennung, Prävention und Management. Leitline AWMF 015/024 (S1)

Dunn DW, Engle WA (1985) Brachial plexus palsy: intrauterine onset. Pediatr Neurol 1:367–369CrossRefPubMed

Ecker JL, Greenberg JA, Norwitz ER, Nadel AS, Repke JT (1997) Birth weight as a predictor of brachial plexus injury. Obstet Gynecol 89:643–647CrossRefPubMed

Foad SL, Mehlman CT, Ying J (2008) The epidemiology of neonatal brachial plexus palsy in the United States. J Bone Joint Surg Am 90:1258–1264CrossRefPubMed

Gherman RB, Goodwin TM, Souter I, Neumann K, Ouzounian JG, Paul RH (1997) The McRoberts’ maneuver for the alleviation of shoulder dystocia: how successful is it? Am J Obstet Gynecol 176:656–661CrossRefPubMed

Gherman RB, Chauhan S, Ouzounian JG, Lerner H, Gonik B, Goodwin TM (2006) Shoulder dystocia: the unpreventable obstetric emergency with empiric management guidelines. Am J Obstet Gynecol 195:657–672CrossRefPubMed

Ginsberg NA, Moisidis C (2001) How to predict recurrent shoulder dystocia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 184:1427–1429CrossRefPubMed

Gonik B, Hollyer VL, Allen R (1991) Shoulder dystocia recognition: differences in neonatal risks for injury. Am J Perinatol 8:31–34CrossRefPubMed

Gonik B, Zhang N, Grimm MJ (2003) Defining forces that are associated with shoulder dystocia: the use of a mathematic dynamic computer model. Am J Obstet Gynecol 188:1068–1072CrossRefPubMed

Goodwin TM, Banks E, Millar LK, Phelan JP (1997) Catastrophic shoulder dystocia and emergency symphysiotomy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 177:463–464CrossRefPubMed

Gross SJ, Shime J, Farine D (1987a) Shoulder dystocia: predictors and outcome. A five-year review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 156:334–336CrossRefPubMed

Gross TL, Sokol RJ, Williams T, Thompsen K (1987b) Shoulder dystocia: a fetal-physician risk. Am J Obstet Gynecol 156:1408–1418CrossRefPubMed

Gurewitsch ED, Donithan M, Stallings SP, Moore PL, Agarwal S, Allen LM, Allen RH (2004) Episiotomy versus fetal manipulation in managing severe shoulder dystocia: a comparison of outcomes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 191:911–916CrossRefPubMed

Hankins GDV, Clark SL, Cunningham FG, Gilstrap LC III (1995) Symphysiotomy. In: Operative obstetrics. Appleton & Lange, Norwalk, S 89–92

Hoffman MK, Bailit JL, Branch DW, Burkman RT, Veldhusien PV, Lu L, Kominiarek MA, Hibbard JU, Landy HJ, Haberman S, Wilkins I, Gonzalez Quintero VH, Gregory KD, Hatjis CG, Ramirez MM, Reddy UM, Troendle J, Zhang J (2011) A Comparison of obstetric maneuvers for the acute management of shoulder dystocia. Obstet Gynecol 117:1272–1278CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Hoopmann M, Abele H, Wagner N, Wallwiener D, Kagan KO (2010) Performance of 36 different weight estimation formulae in fetuses with macrosomia. Fetal Diagn Ther 27:204–213CrossRefPubMed

Irion O, Boulvain M (2011/1998) Induction of labour for suspected fetal macrosomia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2:CD000938. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000938. Zugegriffen im Januar 2011

Kayem G, Grangé G, Bréart G, Goffinet F (2009) Comparison of fundal height measurement and sonographically measured fetal abdominal circumference in the prediction of high and low birth weight at term. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 34:566–571CrossRefPubMed

Keller JD, Lopez-Zeno JA, Dooley SL, Socol ML (1991) Shoulder dystocia and birth trauma in gestational diabetes: a five-year experience. Am J Obstet Gynecol 165:928–930CrossRefPubMed

Kolderup LB, Laros RK, Musci TJ (1997) Incidence of persistent birth injury in macrosomic infants: association with mode of delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 177:37–41CrossRefPubMed

Langer O, Berkus MD, Huff RW, Samueloff A (1991) Shoulder dystocia: should the fetus weighing greater than or equal to 4000 grams be delivered by caesarean section? Am J Obstet Gynecol 165:831–837CrossRefPubMed

Langer O, Yogev Y, Most O, Xenakis EMJ (2005) Gestational diabetes: the consequences of not treating. Am J Obstet Gynecol 192:989–997CrossRefPubMed

Lerner H, Durlacher K, Smith S, Hamilton E (2011) Relationship between head-to-body delivery interval in shoulder dystocia and neonatal depression. Obstet Gynecol 118:318–322CrossRefPubMed

Lurie S, Insler V, Hagay ZJ (1996) Induction of labor at 38 to 39 weeks of gestation reduces the incidence of shoulder dystocia in gestational diabetic patients class A2. Am J Perinatol 13:293–296CrossRefPubMed

McFarland MB, Langer O, Piper JM, Berkus MD (1996) Perinatal outcome and the type and number of maneuvers in shoulder dystocia. Int J Gynecol Obstet 55:219–224CrossRef

Mehta SH, Blackwell SC, Hendler J et al (2005) Accuracy of estimated fetal weight in shoulder dystocia and neonatal birth injufy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 192:1877–1881CrossRefPubMed

Menticoglou SM (2006) A modified technique to deliver the posterior arm in severe shoulder dystocia. Obstet Gynecol 108:755–757CrossRefPubMed

Miller RS, Devine PC, Johnson EB (2007) Sonographic fetal asymmetry predicts shoulder dystocia. J Ultrasound Med 26:1523–1528PubMed

Mollberg M, Hagberg H, Bager B et al (2005) High birthweight and shoulder dystocia: the strongest risk factors for obstetrical brachial plexus palsy in a Swedish population-based study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 84:654–659CrossRefPubMed

Morrison JC, Sanders JR, Magann EF, Wiser WL (1992) The diagnosis and management of dystocia of the shoulder. Surg Gynecol Obstet 175:515–522PubMed

Neilson JP (2009/1998) Symphysis-fundal height measurement in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2:CD000944. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD000944

Noble A (2005) Brachial plexus injuries and shoulder dystocia: a medico-legal commentary and implications. J Obstet Gynecol 25:105–107CrossRef

Nocon J, McKenzie D, Thomas L, Hansell R (1993) Shoulder dystocia: an analysis of risks and obstetric maneuvers. Am J Obstet Gynecol 168:1732–1739CrossRefPubMed

O’Grady JP (2008) Birth injuries. In: O’Grady JP, Gimovsky ML, Bayer-Zwirello LA, Giordano K (Hrsg) Operative obstetrics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/New York, S 725–786CrossRef

O’Leary JA (1993) Cephalic replacement for shoulder dystocia: present status and future role of the Zavanelli maneuver. Obstet Gynecol 82:847–850PubMed

O’Leary JA, Cuva A (1992) Abdominal rescue after failed cephalic replacement. Obstet Gynecol 80:514–516PubMed

Ouzounian JG, Gherman RB (2005) Shoulder dystocia: are historic risk factors reliable predictors? Am J Obstet Gynecol 192:1933–1938CrossRefPubMed

Overland EA, Spydslaug A, Nielsen CS, Eskild A (2009) Risk of shoulder dystocia in second delivery: does a history of shoulder dystocia matter? Am J Obstet Gynecol 200:506.e1–506.e6CrossRef

Paris AE, Greenberg JA, Ecker JL, McElrath TF (2011) Is an episiotomy necessary with a shoulder dystocia? Am J Obstet Gynecol 205:217.e1–217.e3CrossRef

Persson B, Stangenberg M, Lunell NO et al (1991) Maternal factors associated with high birthweight. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 70:55–61CrossRef

RCOG (2012) Shoulder dystocia. Guideline no 42, 2. Aufl. www.rcog.org.uk

Ross MG, Beall MH (2006) Cervical neck dislocation associated with the Zavanelli Maneuver. Obstet Gynecol 108:737–738CrossRefPubMed

Rouse DJ, Owen J (1999) Prophylactic caesarean delivery for fetal macrosomia diagnosed by means of ultrasonography – a Faustian bargain? Am J Obstet Gynecol 181:332–338CrossRefPubMed

Ruchelsman DE, Pettrone S, Price AE, Grossman JAI (2009) Brachial plexus birth palsy. An overview of early treatment considerations. Bull NYU Hosp Jt Dis 67:83–89PubMed

Sandmire HF (1987) Shoulder dystocia: a fetal-physician risk. Discussion. Am J Obstet Gynecol 156:1414–1419

Sandmire HF, DeMott RK (2009) Controversies surrounding the causes of brachial plexus injury. Int J Gynecol Obstet 104:9–13CrossRef

Sandmire HF, O’Halloin TJ (1988) Shoulder dystocia: its incidence and associated risk factors. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 26:65–73CrossRefPubMed

Smith GCS, Smith MFS, McNay MB, Fleming JEE (1997) The relation between fetal abdominal circumference and birthweight: findings in 3512 pregnancies. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 104:186–190CrossRefPubMed

Spellacy WN, Miller S, Winegar A, Peterson PQ (1985) Macrosomia – maternal characteristics and infant complications. Obstet Gynecol 66:158–161PubMed

Torki M, Barton L, Miller DA, Ouzounian JG (2012) Severe brachial plexus palsy in women without shoulder dystocia. Obstet Gynecol 120:539–541CrossRefPubMed

Usta IM, Hayek S, Yahya F, Abu-Musa A, Nassar AH (2008) Shoulder dystocia: what is the risk of recurrence? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 16:1–6

Voigt M, Schneider KTM, Jährig K (1996) Analyse des Geburtengutes des Jahrgangs 1992 der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Teil 1: Neue Perzentilenmaße für die Körpergewichte Neugeborener. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 56:550–558CrossRefPubMed

Wessel J, Dudenhausen JW (2000) Erbsche Lähmung ohne Schulterdystokie: Neuere Aspekte bei der gutachterlichen Beurteilung. Vorstellungen zur vorgeburtlichen Entstehung kindlicher Plexuslähmungen. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 60:238–241CrossRef

Wood C, Ng KH, Hounslow D, Benning H (1973) Time – an important variable in normal delivery. J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 80:295–300CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Schulterdystokie
verfasst von: Joachim Gnirs
Karl-Theo M. Schneider
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch: Die Geburtshilfe
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-45063-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-662-45064-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45064-2_39

Springerpflege

Zusammenfassung

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten