ABSTRACT
This paper describes the role of temporal information in emergency medical teamwork and how time-based features can be designed to support the temporal awareness of clinicians in this fast-paced and dynamic environment. Engagement in iterative design activities with clinicians over the course of two years revealed a strong need for time-based features and mechanisms, including timestamps for tasks based on absolute time and automatic stopclocks measuring time by counting up since task performance. We describe in detail the aspects of temporal awareness central to clinicians' awareness needs and then provide examples of how we addressed these needs through the design of a shared information display. As an outcome of this process, we define four types of time representation techniques to facilitate the design of time-based features: (1) timestamps based on absolute time, (2) timestamps relative to the process start time, (3) time since task performance, and (4) time until the next required task.
- Barach, P. and Weinger, M. B. Trauma team performance. In Wilson, W. C., Grande, C. M., and Hoyt, D. B. (Eds.), Trauma: Emergency Resuscitation Perioperative Anesthesia, Surgical Management. CRC Press, 2013, 101--114.Google Scholar
- Bardram, J. E. Temporal coordination-on time and coordination of collaborative activities at a surgical department. Computer Supported Cooperative Work 9, 2 (2000), 157--187. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bardram, J. E. and Hansen, T. R. Why the plan doesn't hold -- a study of situated planning, articulation and coordination work in a surgical ward. In Proc. CSCW 2010, ACM Press (2010), 331--340. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bardram, J. E. and Hansen, T. R. Context-based workplace awareness. Computer Supported Cooperative Work 19, 2 (2010), 105--138. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bardram, J. E., Hansen, T. R., and Soegaard, M. AwareMedia: a shared interactive display supporting social, temporal, and spatial awareness in surgery. In Proc. CSCW 2006, ACM Press (2006), 109--118. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Berndtsson, J. and Normark, M. The coordinative functions of flight strips: Air traffic control revisited. In Proc. GROUP 1999, ACM Press (1999), 101--110. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bossen, C. and Jensen, L. G. How physicians "achieve overview": A case-based study in a hospital ward. In Proc. CSCW 2014, ACM Press (2014), 257--68. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Braun, V. and Clarke, V. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology 3, 2 (2006), 77--101.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Cabitza, F., Simone, C., and Sarini, M. Leveraging coordinative conventions to promote collaboration awareness. Computer Supported Cooperative Work 18, 4 (2009), 301--330. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Cordell, W. H., Olinger, M. L., Kozak, P. A., and Nyhuis, A. W. Does anybody really know what time it is? Does anybody really care? Annals of Emergency Medicine 23, 5 (1994), 1032--1036.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Egger, E. and Wagner, I. Time management: A case for CSCW. In Proc. CSCW 1992, ACM Press (1992), 249256. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ferguson, E. A., Bayer, C. R., Fronzeo, S., Tuckerman, C., Hutchins, L., Roberts, K., Verger, J., Nadkarni, V., and Lin, R. Time out! Is timepiece variability a factor in critical care? American Journal of Critical Care 14, 2 (2005), 113--120.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Heath, C., and Luff, P. Collaboration and control: Crisis management and multimedia technology in London underground line control rooms. Computer Supported Cooperative Work 11, 1--2 (1992), 69--95.Google Scholar
- Hertz, D. and Ezer, Y. B. Pitfalls in trauma teamwork. Australian Emergency Nursing Journal 1, 2 (1997), 3031.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Hutchins, E. Cognition in the Wild. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 1995.Google Scholar
- Kusunoki, D., Sarcevic, A., Zhang, Z., and Burd, R. Understanding visual attention of teams in dynamic medical settings through vital signs monitor use. In Proc. CSCW 2013, ACM Press (2013), 527--540. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Lee, S., Tang, C., Park S. Y., and Chen, Y. Loosely formed patient care teams: Communication challenges and technology design. In Proc. CSCW 2012, ACM Press (2012), 867--876. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Matthews, T., Rattenbury, T., and Carter, S. Defining, designing, and evaluating peripheral displays: An analysis using activity theory. Human-Computer Interaction 22, (2007), 221--261. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Reddy, M. C. and Dourish, P. A finger on the pulse: Temporal rhythms and information seeking in medical work. In Proc. CSCW 2002, ACM Press (2002), 344353. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Reddy, M. C., Dourish, P., and Pratt, W. Temporality in medical work: Time also matters. Computer Supported Cooperative Work 15, 1 (2006), 29--53. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sarcevic, A., Marsic, I., Lesk, M. E. and Burd, R. S. Transactive memory in trauma resuscitation. In Proc. CSCW 2008, ACM Press (2008), 215--224. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sarcevic, A., Palen, L.A., and Burd, R.S. Coordinating time-critical work with role-tagging. In Proc. CSCW 2011, ACM Press (2011), 465--474 Google ScholarDigital Library
- Schmidt, K. and Simone C. Coordination mechanisms: Towards a conceptual foundation of CSCW systems design. Computer Supported Cooperative Work 5, 2 (1996), 155--200. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Spanjersberg, W. R., Bergs, E.A., Mushkudiani, N., Klimek, M., and Schipper, I. B. Protocol compliance and time management in blunt trauma resuscitation. Emergency Medicine Journal 26, 1 (2009), 23--27.Google ScholarCross Ref
- van Olden, G. D. J., van Vugt, A. B., Biert, J., Gorbis, R. J. A. Trauma resuscitation time. Injury 34, 3 (2003), 191--195.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Xiao, Y., Seagull, F. J., Nieves-Khuow, F., Barczak, N., and Perkins, S. Organizational-historical analysis of the "failure to respond to alarm" problems. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics 34, 6 (2004), 772--778. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Zerubavel, E. Patterns of Time in Hospital Life. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, USA, 1979.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Designing for Temporal Awareness: The Role of Temporality in Time-Critical Medical Teamwork
Recommendations
Temporal Rhythms and Patterns of Electronic Documentation in Time-Critical Medical Work
CHI '19: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsWe examine nursing documentation on a newly implemented electronic flowsheet in medical resuscitations to identify the temporal patterns of documentation and how the recorded information supported time-critical teamwork. To determine when the ...
Balancing design tensions: iterative display design to support ad hoc and multidisciplinary medical teamwork
CHI '14: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsIn this paper, we describe how we developed an information display prototype for trauma resuscitation teams based on design ideas and feedback from clinicians. Our approach is grounded in participatory design, emphasizing the importance of gaining long-...
Sketching Awareness: A Participatory Study to Elicit Designs for Supporting Ad Hoc Emergency Medical Teamwork
Prior CSCW research on awareness in clinical settings has mostly focused on higher-level team coordination spanning across longer-term trajectories at the department and inter-department levels. In this paper, we offer a perspective on what awareness ...
Comments