Arzneimittelforschung 2012; 62(06): 261-266
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306273
Original Article
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Novel Brain Targeting Prodrugs of Naproxen Based on Dimethylamino Group with Various Linkages

Q. Zhang
1   Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
,
Z. Liang
1   Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
,
L. Y. Chen
1   Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
,
X. Sun
1   Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
,
T. Gong
1   Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
,
Z. R. Zhang
1   Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 03 November 2011

accepted 09 February 2012

Publication Date:
09 March 2012 (online)

Abstract

As a preventive and treatment drug for Alzheimer's disease (AD), naproxen’s clinical application is hampered by its limited distribution in the brain. To increase the delivery of naproxen across the blood–brain barrier (BBB), 3 prodrugs (P1, P2 and P3) of naproxen were synthesized through either ester bond or amido bond using the dimethylamino moiety as a brain-targeting ligand. The in vitro release of naproxen from the 3 prodrugs was studied in PBS, rat plasma and brain homogenate. P3 with an amido bond appeared to be highly stable in all incubation media, whereas P1 and P2 with ester bonds were partially hydrolyzed in alkaline environment and brain homogenate to yield the parent drug. After i. v. administration to rats, the brain concentration of total naproxen (summation of released and bound naproxen, TN) of P1, P2 and P3 groups were 28.81, 24.51 and 15.54 times greater than that of the control naproxen group at 5 min, respectively, and the brain AUC0–t were 6.94, 10.06 and 6.70 times greater than that of the control naproxen group. In addition, the Cmax of TN in the brain after the administration of prodrugs with ester bonds (P1 and P2) was higher than that of the amide prodrug (P3). The results highlighted the possibility of brain delivery of naproxen using prodrug strategies based on the brain-targeting ligand with dimethylamino moiety, in which the linkage between drug and targeting group might play an important role in modulating the in vivo behaviors of these prodrugs.

 
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