Serum Levels of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 as Biomarkers to Predict Radiotherapy Sensitivity in Cervical Cancer

 

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Abstract

Background

Cervical cancer is a significant global health burden, and individualized treatment approaches are necessary due to its heterogeneity. Radiotherapy is a common treatment modality; however, the response varies among patients. The identification of reliable biomarkers to predict radiotherapy sensitivity is crucial.

Methods

A cohort of 189 patients with stage IB2-IVA cervical cancer, treated with radiotherapy alone or concurrent chemoradiotherapy, was included. Serum samples were collected before treatment, and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) concentrations were determined. Patients were categorized into radiotherapy-sensitive (RS) and radiotherapy-resistant (RR) groups based on treatment response. Clinicopathological characteristics and survival rates were analyzed.

Results

The analysis of clinicopathological characteristics showed that age, family history of cervical cancer and post-menopausal status did not significantly differ between RS and RR groups. Tumor size demonstrated a borderline significant association with radiotherapy response, while differentiation degree was significantly associated. Serum ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 concentrations were significantly higher in the RR group compared to the RS group. Combined detection of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 improved the predictive ability for radiotherapy sensitivity. Higher serum ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels were observed in patients with lower tumor differentiation. Five-year overall survival rates differed significantly between patients with high and low ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels.

Conclusion

Serum ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels show potential as predictive biomarkers for radiotherapy sensitivity in cervical cancer.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Gebärmutterhalskrebs stellt eine signifikante weltweite gesundheitliche Belastung dar, und die Heterogenität der Erkrankung erfordert einen individualisierten Behandlungsansatz. Die Strahlentherapie ist eine häufig eingesetzte Behandlungsmodalität; allerdings gibt es Unterschiede in der Ansprechrate auf die Therapie. Die Identifizierung von zuverlässigen Biomarkern, die das Ansprechen (Sensitivität) auf die Strahlentherapie vorhersagen können, ist daher sehr wichtig.

Methoden

Untersucht wurde eine Kohorte von 189 Patientinnen mit Gebärmutterhalskrebs im Stadium IB2-IVA, die entweder nur eine Strahlentherapie oder eine simultane kombinierte Strahlenchemotherapie erhielten. Blutproben wurden vor der Behandlung entnommen, und die Serumkonzentrationen von interzellulärem Adhäsionsmolekül 1 (ICAM-1) und vaskulärem Zelladhäsionsmolekül 1 (VCAM-1) wurden ermittelt. Basierend auf ihrem Ansprechen auf die Behandlung wurden die Patientinnen entweder der strahlentherapiesensitiven (RS) oder der strahlentherapieresistenten (RR) Gruppe zugeordnet. Klinisch-pathologische Eigenschaften und Überlebensraten wurden analysiert.

Ergebnisse

Die Analyse der klinisch-pathologischen Eigenschaften zeigt, dass sich Alter, familiäre Prädisposition zu Gebärmutterhalskrebs sowie postmenopausaler Status nicht signifikant zwischen den RS- und RR-Gruppen unterschieden. Die Tumorgröße war grenzwertig signifikant mit einem Ansprechen auf die Strahlentherapie assoziiert, während der Differenzierungsgrad des Tumors eine signifikante Assoziation aufwies. Die Serumkonzentrationen von ICAM-1 und VCAM-1 waren in der RR-Gruppe signifikant höher als in der RS-Gruppe. Der kombinierte Nachweis von ICAM-1 und VCAM-1 verbesserte die prognostische Fähigkeit, eine Sensitivität für Strahlentherapie vorherzusagen. Es fanden sich höhere ICAM-1- und VCAM-1-Serumspiegel bei Patientinnen mit geringerer Differenzierung. Es gab einen signifikanten Unterschied in den 5-Jahres-Überlebensraten zwischen Patientinnen mit hohen und Patientinnen mit niedrigen ICAM-1- und VCAM-1-Serumspiegeln.

Schlussfolgerung

Die Serumspiegel von ICAM-1 und VCAM-1 können potenziell als prognostische Biomarker für das Ansprechen auf eine Strahlentherapie bei Gebärmutterhalskrebs dienen.

Publication History

Received: 25 November 2023

Accepted after revision: 22 February 2024

Article published online:
10 April 2024

© 2024. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

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