Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Dieser Beitrag stellt die Konstruktion und testtheoretische Überprüfung eines deutschsprachigen Instruments zur Erfassung der sport- und bewegungsbezogenen Selbstkonkordanz (SSK-Skala) vor. Theoretische Grundlage dieser Skala ist die Selbstdeterminationstheorie von Deci und Ryan (1985) sowie das darauf aufbauende Selbstkonkordanz-Modell von Sheldon und Elliot (1999). Selbstkonkordanz wird definiert als ein Merkmal der Zielintention, in dem zum Ausdruck kommt, wie stark diese Zielintention mit den sonstigen persönlichen Interessen und Werten der Person übereinstimmt (“Ich-Nähe”). Ausgehend von diesem Begriffsverständnis dient die neu konstruierte Skala zur Messung der Ich-Nähe einer sport- und bewegungsbezogenen Zielintention. Die psychometrische Überprüfung des neuen Messinstruments erfolgte in zwei unabhängigen Studien. Im Mittelpunkt von Studie 1 (N = 284; Studierende) stand die faktorenanalytische Konstruktion der Endfassung der SSK-Skala mit insgesamt 12 Items, die sich vier Subskalen zu je drei Items zuordnen lassen. Diese vier Subskalen messen den so genannten intrinsischen, identifizierten, introjizierten und extrinsischen Motivationsmodus. In Studie 2 (N = 337; Normalbevölkerung) konnte die faktorielle Struktur der SSK-Skala bestätigt werden. Reliabilitäts- und Validitätsüberprüfungen mit den Daten beider Studien lassen den Schluss zu, dass mit der SSK-Skala ein konzeptionell und methodisch brauchbares Instrument zur Erfassung der sport- und bewegungsbezogenen Selbstkonkordanz vorliegt.
Abstract. This paper reports on the development and validation of a German-language instrument for measuring the self-concordance of sport- and exercise-related goals (SSK-Scale). Theoretically, the scale is based on Deci and Ryan’s (1985) self-determination theory and Sheldon and Elliot’s (1999) self-concordance model. Self-concordance is defined as an attribute of a goal intention expressing the extent to which a goal reflects personal interests and values (“ego distance”). In line with this conceptualization, the new SSK-Scale measures the ego distance of a sport- and exercise-specific goal intention. The instrument’s psychometric properties were tested in two separate studies. Study 1 (with 284 college students) used factor analysis to construct the final 12-item version of the scale. Results showed that these items could be grouped into four 3-item subscales measuring the intrinsic, identified, introjected, and extrinsic modes of motivation. The results of Study 2 (with 337 normal adults) confirmed the factor structure of the SSK-Scale. Reliability and validity tests based on data from both studies indicated that the SSK-Scale is a conceptually and methodologically robust instrument for measuring sport- and exercise-related self-concordance.
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