Zusammenfassung
Elektroschockdistanzwaffen, wie beispielsweise der Taser, werden bereits seit mehreren Jahren von Sondereinsatzkommandos der Polizei in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz angewandt. Aufgrund aktueller politischer Veränderungen und der hiermit einhergehenden immer komplexer werdenden Anforderungen an Polizisten im Streifendienst wird derzeit eine flächendeckende Einführung der Tasergeräte diskutiert. In diesem Zusammenhang spielt die medizinische Risikobeurteilung dieser Technologie eine wichtige Rolle. Obwohl es seit Jahren mehrere Hundert Publikationen zu den pathophysiologischen Risiken von Elektroschockdistanzwaffen gibt, zeigt der Literaturvergleich medizinischer Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Thema ein teilweise uneinheitliches Bild, insbesondere bei der Fragestellung einer potenziellen Beeinflussung des Herzens.
Die vorliegende Arbeit setzt sich mit den kardialen Aspekten von Elektroschockdistanzwaffen auseinander. Mithilfe der medizinischen Datenbank PubMed wurden zu diesem Thema publizierte Fachartikel kritisch analysiert und miteinander verglichen.
Nach aktuellem wissenschaftlichen Informationsstand kann davon ausgegangen werden, dass bei fachgerechter Anwendung von Elektroschockdistanzwaffen keine klinisch relevanten pathophysiologischen Auswirkungen auf das Herz einer getroffenen, gesunden Person zu erwarten sind. Ein dem Grundsatz der Zweck- und Verhältnismäßigkeit folgender Einsatz von CEW ist daher als unbedenklich einzustufen.
Abstract
Conducted electrical weapons (CEWs), such as Taser devices, have been used by special police forces in Germany, Austria and Switzerland for several years. Due to current political changes and the increasing complexity of requirements for police officers in the field, a large-scale introduction of Taser devices is currently being discussed. In this context, the medical risk assessment of this new technology plays an important role. Although there have been several hundred articles on the pathophysiological risks of CEWs published over the last years, the literature comparison of medical publications on this subject reveals a partially inconsistent picture.
The present work deals with the cardiac aspects of CEWs. Using the medical database PubMed, articles published on this topic are critically evaluated and compared.
According to up-to-date scientific information, it can be assumed that with the proper application of CEWs, no clinically significant pathophysiological effects on the heart are to be expected. Using CEWs following the requirements of necessity and proportionality should therefore be classified as safe.
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S. N. Kunz und J. Adamec geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.
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Kunz, S.N., Adamec, J. Kardiale Aspekte von Elektroschockdistanzwaffen. Rechtsmedizin 27, 79–86 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00194-017-0147-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00194-017-0147-0