Skip to main content
Log in

Perioperative Betreuung übergewichtiger Patientinnen in der Gynäkologie

Perioperative care of overweight patients in gynecology

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Der Gynäkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Unter dem Aspekt der gesellschaftlich relevanten Prävalenz der weiblichen Adipositas von bis zu 40% in den Industrienationen stellen die elektive, die onkologische, aber besonders die notfallmäßige operative Versorgung extrem übergewichtiger Patientinnen in der Gynäkologie spezielle Anforderungen an Ausstattung, Logistik und Kompetenz von Kliniken und Ärzten. Dabei reicht das typische Spektrum der Operationen bei Fettleibigkeit in der Gynäkologie von den Routineeingriffen zur Behebung von Deszensus und Harninkontinenz über große onkologische Beckenchirurgie bis hin zu plastisch-ästhetischen bzw. medizinisch indizierten Eingriffen wie Mammareduktions- und Abdominoplastik. Grundsätzlich profitieren adipöse Patientinnen aufgrund der deutlich geringeren Wundheilungsproblematik von den Möglichkeiten der minimal-invasiven Chirurgie, sodass die laparoskopischen Verfahren dem offenen abdominalen Vorgehen vorzuziehen sind. Zur Vermeidung intra- bzw. peri- und postoperativer Komplikationen sind sowohl die apparativen Ausstattungen, z. B. mit Bereitstellung entsprechend tragfähiger Operationstische, als auch die diagnostischen und operativen Besonderheiten bei Fettleibigkeit zu beachten und ggf. spezialisierte operative Zentren auszuwählen.

Abstract

The socially relevant prevalence of female obesity is up to 40% in western countries and requires a high level of specialization in technical and professional competence of hospitals and gynecological operating teams treating these patients. Typical procedures in gynecological surgery of morbidly obese women range from correction of descensus uteri and incontinence to oncological pelvic surgery and specifically indicated operations, such as reduction mammoplasty and abdominoplasty. There is evidence that due to significantly reduced wound healing problems obese patients will benefit most from minimally invasive surgery and laparascopic techniques should be the preferred procedure compared to open abdominal access. To avoid intraoperative, perioperative and postoperative complications in obese patients, technical aspects such as sustainable operating tables as well as special diagnostic and surgical features have to be taken into account and it seems advisable to establish specialized centers for treatment of morbidly obese patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Abb. 1
Abb. 2
Abb. 3
Abb. 4
Abb. 5

Literatur

  1. Helmert U, Strube H (2004) The development of obesity in Germany in the period from 1985 until 2000. Gesundheitswes 66:409–415

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Rogliani M, Silvi E, Labardi L et al (2006) Obese and nonobese patients: complications of abdominoplasty. Ann Plast Surg 57:336–338

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ (2003) Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of US adults. N Engl J Med 348:1625–1638

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Gram IT, Norat T, Rinaldi S et al (2006) Body mass index, waist circumference and waist-hip ratio and serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in European women. Int J Obes (Lond) 30(11):1623–1631

    Google Scholar 

  5. Boghossian S, Lecklin A, Dube MG et al (2006) Increased leptin expression in the dorsal vagal complex suppresses adiposity without affecting energy intake and metabolic hormones. Obesity (Silver Spring) 14:1003–1009

    Google Scholar 

  6. Byers T, Sedjo RL (2011) Does intentional weight loss reduce cancer risk? Diabetes Obes Metab

  7. Whiteman MK, Hillis SD, Curtis KM et al (2005) Body mass and mortality after breast cancer diagnosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 14:2009–2014

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Bender R, Zeeb H, Schwarz M et al (2006) Causes of death in obesity: Relevant increase in cardiovascular but not in all-cancer mortality. J Clin Epidemiol 59:1064–1071

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Zhang M, Xie X, Lee AH et al (2005) Body mass index in relation to ovarian cancer survival. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 14:1307–1310

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Pavelka JC, Brown RS, Karlan BY et al (2006) Effect of obesity on survival in epithelial ovarian cancer. Cancer 107:1520–1524

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Lerman H, Lievshitz G, Zak O et al (2007) Improved sentinel node identification by SPECT/CT in overweight patients with breast cancer. J Nucl Med 48:201–206

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Helyer LK, Varnic M, Le LW et al (2010) Obesity is a risk factor for developing postoperative lamphedema in breast cancer patients. Breast J 16:48–54

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Pete I, Godeny M, Toth E et al (2003) Prediction of cervical infiltration in Stage II endometrial cancer by different preoperative evaluation techniques (D&C, US, CT, MRI). Eur J Gynaecol Oncol 24:517–522

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Papadia A, Ragni N, Salom EM (2006) The impact of obesity on surgery in gynecological oncology: a review. Int J Gynecol Cancer 16:944–952

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Wolfberg AJ, Montz FJ, Bristow RE (2004) Role of obesity in the surgical management of advanced-stage ovarian cancer. J Reprod Med 49:473–476

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Chen CL, Shore AD, Johns R et al (2011) The impact of obesity on breast surgery complications. Plast Reconstr Surg

  17. Shah R, Al-Ajam Y, Stott D, Kang N (2011) Obesity in mammaplasty: a study of complications following breast reduction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 64:508–514

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Eltabbakh GH, Shamonki MI, Moody JM, Garafano LL (2000) Hysterectomy for obese women with endometrial cancer: laparoscopy or laparotomy? Gynecol Oncol 78:329–335

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Scribner DR Jr, Walker JL, Johnson GA et al (2002) Laparoscopic pelvic and paraaortic lymph node dissection in the obese. Gynecol Oncol 84:426–430

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Obermair A, Manolitsas TP, Leung Y et al (2005) Total laparoscopic hysterectomy versus total abdominal hysterectomy for obese women with endometrial cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 15:319–324

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Orr JW Jr, Orr PF, Taylor PT (1996) Surgical staging endometrial cancer. Clin Obstet Gynecol 39:656–668

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Fenton BW, Hutchings T, Flora RF, Fanning J (2006) A laparoscopic bipolar cutting forceps can assist in a case of difficult vaginal hysterectomy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 13:331–333

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Almeida OD Jr (2004) Microlaparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy in the morbidly obese patient. JSLS 8:229–233

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Shen CC, Hsu TY, Huang FJ et al (2002) Laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy in women of all weights and the effects of weight on complications. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc 9:468–473

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Caquant F, Mas-Calvet M, Turbelin C et al (2006) Endometrial cancer by laparoscopy and vaginal approach in the obese patient. Bull Cancer 93:402–406

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Isik-Akbay EF, Harmanli OH, Panganamamula UR et al (2004) Hysterectomy in obese women: a comparison of abdominal and vaginal routes. Obst Gynecol 104:710–714

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Nestle-Krämling C (2006) Adipositas und gynäkologische Operationen. Gynakologe 39:963–969

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Interessenkonflikt

Die korrespondierende Autorin gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Nestle-Krämling.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Nestle-Krämling, C. Perioperative Betreuung übergewichtiger Patientinnen in der Gynäkologie. Gynäkologe 44, 891–897 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-011-2832-5

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00129-011-2832-5

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Navigation