Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Suizidalität in der Adoleszenz

Dysfunktionale familiäre Kommunikation als Risikofaktor

Suicidal tendencies in adolescence

Dysfunctional familiar communication as risk factor

  • Übersichten
  • Published:
Der Nervenarzt Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Suizide gehören in der Adoleszenz weltweit zu den vier häufigsten Todesursachen. Obwohl bekannt ist, dass suizidale Menschen häufig eine insuffiziente Kommunikationsstrategie aufweisen, wurde die Bedeutung der familiären Kommunikation für die adoleszente Suizidalität noch nicht hinreichend untersucht.

Ziel der Arbeit

Ziel der Arbeit war es, eine systematische Übersicht über die familiäre Kommunikation als Risikofaktor für Suizidalität von Adoleszenten zu erstellen und Therapieempfehlungen abzuleiten.

Methodik

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche in PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL und PsychINFO durchgeführt. Die Studien wurden in ihrer methodischen Qualität bewertet und eine Übersicht erstellt.

Ergebnis

Aus 195 gescreenten Studien wurden 7 mit insgesamt 13.107 Adoleszenten im Alter von 11 bis 22 Jahren eingeschlossen und kritisch bewertet. Sechs der bewerteten Studien fanden einen Zusammenhang zwischen dysfunktionaler Eltern-Kind-Kommunikation und adoleszenter Suizidalität. Zudem scheint die Kommunikation zur Mutter insgesamt von entscheidenderer Bedeutung zu sein.

Diskussion

Die Ergebnisse dieser Literaturrecherche weisen darauf hin, dass eine funktionale Kommunikation mit den Eltern für suizidale Adoleszente protektiv zu sein scheint. Hieraus lassen sich Empfehlungen für präventive Maßnahmen in Familien mit Adoleszenten, welche aus anderen Gründen ein erhöhtes Suizidrisiko aufweisen, ableiten. Longitudinale Studiendesigns wären notwendig, um die Fragestellung abschließend zu beantworten.

Abstract

Background

Suicide is one of the four most common causes of death in adolescence worldwide. Although it is well known that suicidal people often have insufficient communication strategies, the importance of family communication for adolescent suicidality has not yet been sufficiently explored.

Objective

The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review of family communication as a risk factor for adolescent suicidal tendencies and to develop treatment recommendations.

Methods

In this study a systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL and PsychINFO. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated and a summary prepared.

Result

A total of 195 studies were extracted and screened for their suitability. Of these studies, 7 which examined a total of 13,107 adolescents aged 11–22 years were included in this review and critically evaluated. Of the studies evaluated six found a correlative relationship between dysfunctional parent-child communication and adolescent suicidality. Communication with the mother appears to be more essential.

Conclusion

The results of this literature search indicate that functional communication with parents seems to be protective for suicidal adolescents. From this, recommendations can be derived for preventive measures in families with adolescents who are otherwise at increased risk of suicide. Longitudinal study designs are needed to conclusively answer the research question.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Abb. 1

Literatur

  1. Beavers R, Hampson RB (2000) The Beavers systems model of family functioning. J Fam Ther 22:128–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Ben-Zur H (2003) Happy adolescents: the link between subjective well-being, internal resources, and parental factors. J Youth Adolesc 32:67–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Berger GE, Casa DA, Pauli D (2015) Prevention and interventions for suicidal youth considerations for health professionionals in Switzerland. Ther Umsch 72:619–632

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bilgin M, Cenkseven F, Satar S (2007) An analysis of parent-female adolescent relationships in female adolescent suicides. Crisis 28:190–197

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Boergers J, Spirito A, Donaldson D (1998) Reasons for adolescent suicide attempts: associations with psychological functioning. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 37:1287–1293

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Bostwick JM, Pankratz VS (2000) Affective disorders and suicide risk: a reexamination. Am J Psychiatry 157:1925–1932

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Braquehais MD, Oquendo MA, Baca-Garcia E et al (2010) Is impulsivity a link between childhood abuse and suicide? Compr Psychiatry 51:121–129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Brener ND, Kann L, Mcmanus T et al (2002) Reliability of the 1999 youth risk behavior survey questionnaire. J Adolesc Health 31:336–342

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Brent DA, Mcmakin DL, Kennard BD et al (2013) Protecting adolescents from self-harm: a critical review of intervention studies. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 52:1260–1271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Brent DA, Melhem N (2008) Familial transmission of suicidal behavior. Psychiatr Clin North Am 31:157–177

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Brent DA, Melhem NM, Oquendo M et al (2015) Familial pathways to early-onset suicide attempt: a 5.6-year prospective study. JAMA Psychiatry 72:160–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Brent DA, Oquendo M, Birmaher B et al (2002) Familial pathways to early-onset suicide attempt: risk for suicidal behavior in offspring of mood-disordered suicide attempters. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59:801–807

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Brodsky BS, Mann JJ, Stanley B et al (2008) Familial transmission of suicidal behavior: factors mediating the relationship between childhood abuse and offspring suicide attempts. J Clin Psychiatry 69:584–596

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Castellvi P, Lucas-Romero E, Miranda-Mendizabal A et al (2017) Longitudinal association between self-injurious thoughts and behaviors and suicidal behavior in adolescents and young adults: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 215:37–48

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Castellvi P, Miranda-Mendizabal A, Pares-Badell O et al (2017) Exposure to violence, a risk for suicide in youths and young adults. A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Acta Psychiatr Scand 135:195–211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Dieserud G, Gerhardsen RM, Van Den Weghe H et al (2010) Adolescent suicide attempts in Bærum, Norway, 1984–2006: trends, triggers, and underlying reasons. Crisis 31:255–264

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Epstein NB, Bishop DS, Levin S (1978) The McMaster model of family functioning. J Marital Fam Ther 4:19–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Evans E, Hawton K, Rodham K (2004) Factors associated with suicidal phenomena in adolescents: a systematic review of population-based studies. Clin Psychol Rev 24:957–979

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Evans E, Hawton K, Rodham K et al (2005) The prevalence of suicidal phenomena in adolescents: a systematic review of population-based studies. Suicide Life Threat Behav 35:239–250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Fidan T, Ceyhun H, Kirpinar I (2011) Coping strategies and family functionality in youths with or without suicide attempts. Noropsikiyatri Arsivi 48:195–200

    Google Scholar 

  21. Fleischhaker C, Bohme R, Sixt B et al (2011) Dialectical Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents (DBT-A): a clinical trial for patients with suicidal and self-injurious behavior and borderline symptoms with a one-year follow-up. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 5:3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Fleischhaker C, Sixt B, Schulz E (2011) DBT-A: Dialektisch-behaviorale Therapie für Jugendliche: Ein Therapiemanual mit Arbeitsbuch auf CD. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

    Book  Google Scholar 

  23. Geulayov G, Gunnell D, Holmen TL et al (2012) The association of parental fatal and non-fatal suicidal behaviour with offspring suicidal behaviour and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med 42:1567–1580

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Glenn CR, Franklin JC, Nock MK (2015) Evidence-based psychosocial treatments for self-injurious thoughts and behaviors in youth. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 44:1–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Griffith-Jackson S (2013) Perceptions of Black and White adolescents on the role of family cohesion in suicide ideation. ProQuest Information & Learning, Ann Arbor

    Google Scholar 

  26. Groschwitz RC, Kaess M, Fischer G et al (2015) The association of non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal behavior according to DSM-5 in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Psychiatry Res 228:454–461

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Hawton K, Casanas ICC, Haw C et al (2013) Risk factors for suicide in individuals with depression: a systematic review. J Affect Disord 147:17–28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Hawton K, Cole D, O’grady J et al (1982) Motivational aspects of deliberate self-poisoning in adolescents. Br J Psychiatry 141:286–291

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Hollenbeck J, Dyl J, Spirito A (2003) Social factors: family functioning. In: Spirito A, Overholser JC, Spirito A, Overholser JC (Hrsg) Evaluating and treating adolescent suicide attempters: from research to practice. Academic Press, San Diego, S 161–189

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. Hummel A, Shelton KH, Heron J et al (2013) A systematic review of the relationships between family functioning, pubertal timing and adolescent substance use. Addiction 108:487–496

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Kienhorst ICWM, De Wilde EJ, Diekstra RFW et al (1995) Adolescents’ image of their suicide attempt. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 34:623–628

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. King CA, Merchant CR (2008) Social and interpersonal factors relating to adolescent suicidality: a review of the literature. Arch Suicide Res 12:181–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Kwok SY, Shek DT (2011) Family processes and suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. ScientificWorldJournal 11:27–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Kwok SY, Shek DT (2010) Hopelessness, parent-adolescent communication, and suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. Suicide Life Threat Behav 40:224–233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Kwok SYCL, Shek DTL (2010) Personal and family correlates of suicidal ideation among Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. Soc Indic Res 95:407–419

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Larner G (2009) Integrating family therapy in adolescent depression: an ethical stance. J Fam Ther 31:213–232

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Lasky P, Buckwalter KC, Whall A et al (1985) Developing an instrument for the assessment of family dynamics. West J Nurs Res 7:40–57

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Levin KA, Currie CE (2010) Family structure, mother-child communication, father-child communication, and adolescent life satisfaction. Health Educ 110:152–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Machell KA, Rallis BA, Esposito-Smythers C (2016) Family environment as a moderator of the association between anxiety and suicidal ideation. J Anxiety Disord 40:1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Martin G, Rotaries P, Pearce C et al (1995) Adolescent suicide, depression and family dysfunction. Acta Psychiatr Scand 92:336–344

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Melhem NM, Brent DA, Ziegler M et al (2007) Familial pathways to early-onset suicidal behavior: familial and individual antecedents of suicidal behavior. Am J Psychiatry 164:1364–1370

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Michelmore L, Hindley P (2012) Help-seeking for suicidal thoughts and self-harm in young people: a systematic review. Suicide Life Threat Behav 42:507–524

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Miller KE, King CA, Shain BN et al (1992) Suicidal adolescents’ perceptions of their family environment. Suicide Life Threat Behav 22:226–239

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J et al (2009) Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med 6:e1000097

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Morgan S, Rickard E, Noone M et al (2013) Parents of young people with self-harm or suicidal behaviour who seek help—a psychosocial profile. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 7:13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Morrish J, Kennedy P, Groff P (2011) Parental influence over teen risk-taking: a review of the literature. SMARTRISK, Toronto

    Google Scholar 

  47. Nock MK, Green J, Hwang I et al (2013) Prevalence, correlates, and treatment of lifetime suicidal behavior among adolescents: results from the national comorbidity survey replication adolescent supplement. JAMA Psychiatry 70:300–310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. O’donnell L, Stueve A, Wardlaw D et al (2003) Adolescent suicidality and adult support: the reach for health study of urban youth. Am J Health Behav 27:633–644

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Olson D, Portner J, Lavee Y (1985) Family adaptability and cohesion evaluation scale (FACES III). University of Minnesota, St. Paul

    Google Scholar 

  50. Olson DH (2000) Circumplex model of marital and family sytems. J Fam Ther 22:144–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Orbach I (1986) The “insolvable problem” as a determinant in the dynamics of suicidal behavior in children. Am J Psychother 40:511–520

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Otero S, Moreno-Iniguez M, Paya B et al (2011) Twelve-month follow-up of family communication and psychopathology in children and adolescents with a first psychotic episode (CAFEPS study). Psychiatry Res 185:72–77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Ougrin D, Tranah T, Stahl D et al (2015) Therapeutic interventions for suicide attempts and self-harm in adolescents: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 54(02):97–107.e1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (2009) Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine—levels of evidence

    Google Scholar 

  55. Pelkonen M, Marttunen M (2003) Child and adolescent suicide: epidemiology, risk factors, and approaches to prevention. Paediatr Drugs 5:243–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Plener PL, Groschwitz RC, Kapusta ND (2017) Suizidalität im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Nervenheilkunde 36:227–232

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Power L, Morgan S, Byrne S et al (2009) A pilot study evaluating a support programme for parents of young people with suicidal behaviour. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 3:20

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Quiles Marcos Y, Quiles SMJ, Pamies Aubalat L et al (2013) Peer and family influence in eating disorders: a meta-analysis. Eur Psychiatry 28:199–206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Rathus JH, Miller AL (2002) Dialectical behavior therapy adapted for suicidal adolescents. Suicide Life Threat Behav 32:146–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Robin AL, Foster SL (1989) Negotiating parent-adolescent conflict: a behavioral family systems approach. Guilford, New York

    Google Scholar 

  61. Robin AL, Koepke T, Moye A (1990) Multidimensional assessment of parent-adolescent relations. Psychol Assess 2:451–459

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Robson BE (1991) Children of disrupted families: reducing the harmful effects. Can Fam Physician 37:436–440

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  63. Samm A, Tooding LM, Sisask M et al (2010) Suicidal thoughts and depressive feelings amongst Estonian schoolchildren: effect of family relationship and family structure. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 19:457–468

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Sampson SM, Mrazek DA (2001) Depression in adolescence. Curr Opin Pediatr 13:586–590

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Shek Daniel TL, Tak LY, Britta LΜ et al (2006) Perceived parental control and psychological well-being in Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. Int J Adolesc Med Health 18:535

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Statistisches Bundesamt (2014) Anzahl der Suizide nach Altersgruppen

    Google Scholar 

  67. Toumbourou JW, Gregg ME (2002) Impact of an empowerment-based parent education program on the reduction of youth suicide risk factors. J Adolesc Health 31:277–285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Van Orden KA, Witte TK, Cukrowicz KC et al (2010) The interpersonal theory of suicide. Psychol Rev 117:575–600

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Wagner BM (1997) Family risk factors for child and adolescent suicidal behavior. Psychol Bull 121:246–298

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Wasserman D, Cheng Q, Jiang GX (2005) Global suicide rates among young people aged 15–19. World Psychiatry 4:114–120

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  71. Zaborskis A, Sirvyte D, Zemaitiene N (2016) Prevalence and familial predictors of suicidal behaviour among adolescents in Lithuania: a cross-sectional survey 2014. BMC Public Health 16:554

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Tagesklinik Wedding, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité, Müllerstraße 56–58, 13349, Berlin, Deutschland

    S. Radde, S. Gutwinski, F. Stuke, M. Schouler-Ocak, F. Bermpohl & J. Henssler

  2. Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    A. Fuchs

Authors
  1. S. Radde
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. Gutwinski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. F. Stuke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Fuchs
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. M. Schouler-Ocak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. F. Bermpohl
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. J. Henssler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Radde.

Ethics declarations

Interessenkonflikt

S. Radde, S. Gutwinski, F. Stuke, A. Fuchs, M. Schouler-Ocak, F. Bermpohl und J. Henssler geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

Caption Electronic Supplementary Material

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Radde, S., Gutwinski, S., Stuke, F. et al. Suizidalität in der Adoleszenz. Nervenarzt 89, 1254–1261 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-018-0549-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-018-0549-6

Schlüsselwörter

Keywords

Search

Navigation