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Körperliche Aktivität und Hirnfunktion

Physical activity and brain function

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Zusammenfassung

Körperliche Aktivität hat mittelbare und unmittelbare Auswirkungen auf die Hirnfunktion in Gesundheit und Krankheit. Besonderes Interesse wecken jene Befunde, die belegen, dass körperliches Training kognitive wie nichtkognitive Hirnfunktionen verbessert und präventiv hinsichtlich diverser neuropsychiatrischer Erkrankungen wirkt. Diese kurze Übersicht konzentriert sich auf Sport und körperliche Aktivität bei normaler Hirnfunktion und fasst zusammen, welche Mechanismen den beobachteten Wirkungen zugrunde liegen könnten, welche methodologischen Schwierigkeiten bestehen, welche Beziehung zu Konzepten von Plastizität und neuralen Reserven vorliegen und welche evolutionäre Relevanz der zunächst überraschend erscheinende Befund hat, dass Sport „gut für das Gehirn“ ist.

Abstract

Physical activity has direct and indirect effects on brain function in health and disease. Findings demonstrating that physical activity improves cognitive and non-cognitive functions and is preventive for several neuropsychiatric disorders have attracted particular interest. This short review focuses on sports and physical exercise in normal brain function and summarizes which mechanisms might underlie the observed effects, which methodological problems exist, which relationships exist to concepts of plasticity and neural reserves and what evolutionary relevance the initially surprising finding that physical exercise is good for the brain has.

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  1. CRTD – DFG-Forschungszentrum für Regenerative Therapien Dresden, und Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Dresden, Fetscherstr. 105, 01307, Dresden, Deutschland

    G. Kempermann

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Kempermann, G. Körperliche Aktivität und Hirnfunktion. Internist 53, 698–704 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-011-2935-z

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