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Gewalt in der Notaufnahme eines Maximalversorgers

Violence in the emergency department of a maximum care hospital

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Zusammenfassung

Einleitung

Die Notaufnahme eines Krankenhauses ist als gewaltintensiver Ort bekannt, dennoch ist die tatsächliche Inzidenz von Gewalttaten in Notaufnahmen im deutschsprachigen Raum wenig erforscht. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, an einem innerstädtisch gelegenen Universitätsklinikum die Gewaltvorfälle gegen das Personal der Notaufnahme zu erfassen und nach Parametern wie Form der Gewalt und Häufung bei bestimmten Patientengruppen auszuwerten.

Material und Methoden

Über den Zeitraum von einem Jahr (März 2017 bis Februar 2018) wurden die Fälle von Gewalt in der Notaufnahme von den Mitarbeitern schriftlich dokumentiert und retrospektiv ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse

Es konnte eine Zunahme von Gewalttaten während der Abendstunden gezeigt werden (10,3 % vs. 67,8 %). Intoxikierte Patienten sorgen für den größten Anteil an Gewalttaten, diese zeigen sich zudem signifikant häufiger aggressiv als nichtintoxikierte Patienten (63,72 % vs. 31,65 %). Nichtintoxikierte Patienten sind in der Regel nur verbal aggressiv. Eine Deeskalation durch Personal in der Notaufnahme zeigt sich in 62,5 % der Fälle als sehr erfolgreich, dennoch ist in einem Drittel der Fälle Hilfe von außerhalb (Polizei, Sicherheitsdienst) notwendig, insbesondere bei intoxikierten Patienten.

Diskussion

Gewalttaten finden in einer Notaufnahme mit großer Regelmäßigkeit statt. Bei einer Gewalttat alle 0,7 Tage muss für die Sicherheit des Personals gesorgt werden.

Abstract

Introduction

The emergency department of hospitals is known as a violent place, nevertheless the true incidence of violent acts in emergency departments in the German-speaking area has been little studied. The goal of this study was to record the occurrence of violence in a university hospital located in the inner city and to evaluate parameters, such as type of violence and accumulation in certain patient groups.

Material and methods

Cases of violence in the emergency department were documented by the personnel over the time frame of 1 year (March 2017 to February 2018) and retrospectively evaluated.

Results

An increase of violence during the evening hours (10.3% vs. 67.8%) could be shown. Intoxicated patients were responsible for the highest proportion of acts of violence. In addition, intoxicated patients were shown to be significantly more frequently aggressive than sober patients (63.72% vs. 31.65%). Non-intoxicated patients were as a rule only verbally aggressive. De-escalation by emergency room personnel was shown to be successful in 62.5% of the cases. In the rest of the cases help from outside, such as security personnel or the police was necessary, especially for intoxicated patients.

Discussion

Violence occurs with high regularity in emergency departments. The average incidence of acts of violence of every 0.7 days shows the need for safety precautions for hospital personnel.

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Correspondence to R. Verboket MHBA.

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R. Verboket, N. Söhling, L. Schmitz, T. Lustenberger, C. Nau und I. Marzi geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Verboket, R., Söhling, N., Schmitz, L. et al. Gewalt in der Notaufnahme eines Maximalversorgers. Chirurg 90, 570–575 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-018-0778-z

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