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Innovative Schulungskonzepte in der medizinischen Rehabilitation

Innovative concepts for patient education in medical rehabilitation

  • Leitthema
  • Published:
Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Moderne Patientenschulung dient dem Empowerment von Rehabilitanden. Während traditionellerweise unter Schulung meist Wissensvermittlung verstanden wurde, stellen aktuelle Konzepte Handlungskompetenzen und motivationale Faktoren in den Mittelpunkt. Den Teilnehmern sollen Strategien und Fertigkeiten zur Verfügung gestellt werden, um informierte Entscheidungen und Selbstmanagement hinsichtlich Gesundheit und Lebensstil vornehmen zu können. Entsprechend hat sich die Didaktik weg vom Frontalvortrag hin zu einem interaktiven, teilnehmerorientierten Vorgehen gewandelt. Metaanalysen dokumentieren, dass eine derart konzipierte Patientenschulung wirksam ist. Allerdings besteht bei der Implementierung neuartiger Programme in der Praxis noch Optimierungsbedarf. Das von der Deutschen Rentenversicherung Bund geförderte Zentrum Patientenschulung hat eine Bestandsaufnahme der Schulungspraxis vorgenommen, Qualitätskriterien für Schulungen entwickelt, eine Internetdatenbank geschaffen, in der Schulungen nutzerfreundlich präsentiert werden, und bietet vielfältige Dienstleistungen zur Optimierung der Schulungspraxis an. Am Beispiel eines innovativen Programms wird der State of the Art bei der Schulung in der medizinischen Rehabilitation vorgestellt.

Abstract

Patient education aims to empower rehabilitants. While patient education has, in the past, been conceived of as providing solely information, modern self-management concepts now focus on both behavioral competencies and motivational factors. Participants receive all the skills and tools necessary to make informed decisions regarding both their health and lifestyles and to actively participate in the rehabilitation process. Accordingly, didactic methods have changed from predominantly vertical lectures to more patient-oriented and interactive approaches. Meta-analyses have proven that patient education is effective in improving the chronic conditions of patients. However, the implementation of modern concepts into routine care is still suboptimal. The Center of Patient Education, funded by the German Statutory Pension Insurance, has performed a survey of the present state of patient education within medical rehabilitation programs in Germany. Furthermore, quality criteria for patient education have been developed, an internet database presenting self-management programs in a systematic manner has been created, and various services designed to improve educational practice are being offered by the Center of Patient Education. Lastly, a state-of-the-art, self-management education program is described.

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  1. Institut für Psychotherapie und Medizinische Psychologie, Universität Würzburg, Klinikstr. 3, 97070, Würzburg, Deutschland

    H. Faller, A. Reusch & K. Meng

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  1. H. Faller
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  2. A. Reusch
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  3. K. Meng
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Correspondence to H. Faller.

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Faller, H., Reusch, A. & Meng, K. Innovative Schulungskonzepte in der medizinischen Rehabilitation. Bundesgesundheitsbl. 54, 444–450 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-011-1237-x

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