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Funktionelle Hirnorganisation und Geschlecht

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Gehirn und Geschlecht

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Wenn wir unser Gehirn sind, dann müssen Geschlechtsunterschiede des Denkens und Handelns auf geschlechtsabhängige Differenzen in der anatomischen und funktionellen Organisation des Gehirns zurückgeführt werden können. Solche anatomischen Unterschiede zwischen den Geschlechtern nennt man »Sexualdimorphismen«. Wahrscheinlich etablieren sich diese Sexualdimorphismen in der frühen Entwicklungsphase des Nervensystems unter dem Einfluss von Sexualhormonen. Diesen prägenden Effekt von Steroiden nennt man »organisierend«. Früher glaubte man, dass die dabei entstehenden neuroanatomischen Geschlechtsunterschiede so subtil sind, dass man sie mit einfachen neuroanatomischen Mitteln nicht sehen kann. Ferner nahm man an, dass nach dem Abschluss der Hirnentwicklung Sexualhormone nur noch zuvor etablierte Schaltkreise aktivieren oder dämpfen können, aber nicht mehr in der Lage sind, die Hirnanatomie zu verändern. Diesen Funktionsmechanismus von Steroiden bei Erwachsenen nennt man »aktivierend«.

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  1. Lehrstuhl für Physiologische Psychologie, Universität Bamberg, Markusplatz 3, 96045, Bamberg

    Stefan Lautenbacher

  2. Fakultät für Psychologie Biopsychologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, GAFO 05/618, 44780, Bochum

    Onur Güntürkün

  3. Department of Psychology, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, Großbritannien

    Markus Hausmann

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© 2007 Springer Medizin Verlag Heidelberg

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Güntürkün, O., Hausmann, M. (2007). Funktionelle Hirnorganisation und Geschlecht. In: Lautenbacher, S., Güntürkün, O., Hausmann, M. (eds) Gehirn und Geschlecht. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-71628-0_5

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