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Sozialkontakte online: Identitäten, Beziehungen, Gemeinschaften

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Handbuch Online-Kommunikation

Abstract

Neben Information, Unterhaltung und Transaktion sind es in erster Linie Sozialkontakte, die im Internet gesucht und gefunden werden. Im Zuge von Online-Sozialkontakten werden Identitäten dargestellt und wahrgenommen, zwischenmenschliche Beziehungen gepflegt und soziale Gemeinschaften gegründet. Mittels Internet gelangen Personen und Gruppen in unsere kommunikative Reichweite, denen wir außerhalb des Netzes nie begegnet wären. Zudem erlauben die Besonderheiten der computervermittelten Kommunikation (z.B. Pseudonymität, schriftliche Gespräche, Selbstdarstellung durch Avatare, Adressierung vielfältiger Publika) einen veränderten Umgang miteinander. Die große Mehrzahl der Internet-Nutzerinnen und -Nutzer erlebt Sozialkontakte im Internet als positiv und bereichernd. Bei einer Minderheit dagegen führt die Suche nach Sozialkontakten im Internet zu Problemen, etwa zu einer suchtähnlichen oder zwanghaften Extremnutzung, zu Belästigung, sozialen Konflikten, Verletzungen der Privatsphäre usw. Sozialkontakte im Internet tragen zum Empowerment gesellschaftlicher Minderheiten bei. Bei Minderheiten, die als zu Unrecht diskriminiert gelten, wird dies als Chance gewürdigt. Bei Minderheiten, die im jeweiligen kulturellen Umfeld als zu Recht ausgegrenzt gelten, gilt Internet-Empowerment dagegen als Gefahr. Die Virtualisierung sozialer Kontakte erschließt nicht zuletzt der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung neue Untersuchungsformen und Datenquellen, erfordert aber auch neue ethische Richtlinien.

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Authors
  1. Nicola Döring
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Döring, N. (2010). Sozialkontakte online: Identitäten, Beziehungen, Gemeinschaften. In: Schweiger, W., Beck, K. (eds) Handbuch Online-Kommunikation. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92437-3_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92437-3_7

  • Publisher Name: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften

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