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Veränderungen im Kortex nach peripher- und zentral-vestibulären Läsionen

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Der Gleichgewichtssinn

Zusammenfassung

In den letzten 10 Jahren konnten mit Hilfe der funktionellen Bildgebung des menschlichen Gehirns neue Erkenntnisse zum zentralen Gleichgewichtssystem zunächst bei Gesunden und jetzt auch bei Patienten mit umschriebenen vestibulären Läsionen erarbeitet werden. Basis für diese Untersuchungen waren die Kenntnisse aus neurophysiologischen und Tracer-Studien an Tieren, insbesondere an Macacen, zum vestibulären System im Kortex aus den 70iger bis 90iger Jahren (Schwarz et al. 1973; Ödkvist et al. 1974; Grüsser et al. 1990a, b; Guldin und Grüsser 1996). In diesen Studien konnten mehrere Areale im temporo-parietalen Kortex beschrieben werden, die alle multisensorisch waren, d.h. deren Neurone nicht nur auf vestibuläre Reizung reagierten sondern auch auf somatosensorische und/oder visuelle und ein zusammenhängendes Netzwerk bildeten. Das Zentrum (sog. core region) dieses Netzwerks wurde im parieto-insulären vestibulären Kortex (PIVC) des Macacen beschrieben (Guldin and Grüsser, 1996). Auf die Bedeutung eines „vestibulären Kortex“ beim Menschen deuteten bereits Studien an Patienten mit subkortikalen und kortikalen Läsionen hin (Brandt und Dieterich 1999).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55101, Mainz, Deutschland

    Prof. Dr. med. Marianne Dieterich (Direktorin der Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie)

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  1. Prof. Dr. med. Marianne Dieterich
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Berlin, Deutschland

    Hans Scherer (Direktor der HNO Khniken der Charité) (Direktor der HNO Khniken der Charité)

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Dieterich, M. (2008). Veränderungen im Kortex nach peripher- und zentral-vestibulären Läsionen. In: Scherer, H. (eds) Der Gleichgewichtssinn. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-75432-0_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-75432-0_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-211-75431-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-211-75432-0

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

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