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Infektionen

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Obladens Neugeborenenintensivmedizin

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Zusammenfassung

Infektionen sind beim Neugeborenen – und noch mehr beim Frühgeborenen – häufig, da die mukosalen Barrieren und das Immunsystem nicht ausgereift sind. Infektionen tragen nach wie vor erheblich zur Mortalität und Langzeitmorbidität bei. Aufgrund des unterschiedlichen Erregerspektrums und zur Steuerung der kalkulierten antimikrobiellen Therapie werden in eine frühe Sepsis ("early onset sepsis", Symptombeginn <72 Lebensstunden) und eine späte Sepsis ("late onset sepsis", >72 h) unterschieden. Allerdings sind Infektionsweg und -zeitpunkt meist unbekannt, sodass diese Abgrenzung aus pathophysiologischer Sicht unscharf ist. Die häufigsten und schwerwiegendsten vertikal übertragenen Infektionen werden knapp geschildert. Die Entstehung nosokomialer Infektionen und das zu ihrer Verringerung entwickelte Krankenhaus-Infektions-Surveillance-System werden dargestellt.

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  1. Klinik für Allgemeine Pädiatrie und Neonatologie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes und Medizinische Fakultät der Universität des Saarlandes, Homburg, Deutschland

    Michael Zemlin

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© 2023 Der/die Autor(en), exklusiv lizenziert an Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE, ein Teil von Springer Nature

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Zemlin, M. (2023). Infektionen. In: Obladens Neugeborenenintensivmedizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66572-5_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66572-5_14

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