Zusammenfassung
Viele Eltern, Lehrkräfte oder therapeutisch arbeitende Personen haben die die Intuition, dass der Konsum von gewalthaltigen Medien aggressives Verhalten bei Kinder und Jugendlichen erhöht. Dieses Kapitel fasst den Stand der Forschung zu diesem Thema zusammen. Der erste Teil des Kapitels erläutert mehrere Möglichkeiten, wie der Konsum von Gewalt in den Medien mit aggressivem Verhalten von Kindern und Jugendlichen zusammenhängen kann. Der zweite Teil beschreibt die psychologischen Prozesse, die erklären können, wie die Beobachtung und die virtuelle Ausübung von Gewalt in Computerspielen zu aggressivem Verhalten führen kann. Der dritte Teil nennt Bedingungen, die den Einfluss des Konsums gewalthaltiger Medien auf Aggression vergrößern oder verkleinern. Der letzte Teil diskutiert Interventionen gegen den Einfluss der Mediengewalt.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Literatur
Zitierte Literatur
Adachi, P. J. C., & Willoughby, T. (2011). The effect of video game competition and violence on aggressive behavior: Which characteristic has the greatest influence? Psychology of Violence, 1, 259–274.
Adachi, P. J. C., & Willoughby, T. (2013). Demolishing the competition: The longitudinal link between competitive video games, competitive, gambling, and aggression. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 42, 1090–1104. doi: 10.1007/s10964–013–9952–2.
Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2002). Human aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27–51.
Anderson, C. A., Deuser, W. E., & DeNeve, K. M. (1995). Hot temperatures, hostile affect, hostile cognition, and arousal: Tests of a general model of affective aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(5), 434–448.
Anderson, C. A., Berkowitz, L., Donnerstein, E., Huesmann, L. R., Johnson, J., Linz, D., & Wartella, E. (2003a). The influence of media violence on youth. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4(3), 81–110.
Anderson, C. A., Carnagey, N. L., & Eubanks, J. (2003b). Exposure to violent media: The effects of songs with violent lyrics on aggressive thoughts and feelings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(5), 960–971.
Anderson, C. A., Carnagey, N. L., Flanagan, M., Benjamin, A. J., Eubanks, J., & Valentine, J. C. (2004). Violent video games: Specific effects of violent content on aggressive thoughts and behavior. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 36, 199–249.
Anderson, C. A., Shibuya, A., Ihori, N., Swing, E. L., Bushman, B. J., Sakamoto, A., & Saleem, M. (2010). Violent video game effects on aggression, empathy, and prosocial behavior in eastern and western countries: a meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 136(2), 151.
Anderson, C. A., Suzuki, K., Swing, E. L., Groves, C. L., Gentile, D. A., Prot, S., & Jelic, M. (2017). Media Violence and Other Aggression Risk Factors in Seven Nations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43(7), 986–998.
Archer, J. (2004). Sex differences in aggression in real-world settings: a meta-analytic review. Review of general Psychology, 8(4), 291.
Bandura, A. (1973). Aggression: a social learning analysis: Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, S. A. (1961). Transmission of aggression through imitation of aggressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 63(3), 575–582.
Bandura, A., Ross, D., & Ross, S. A. (1963). Imitation of film-mediated agressive models. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 66, 3–11.
Bartholow, B. D., & Anderson, C. A. (2002). Effects of violent video games on aggressive behavior: Potential sex differences. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38(3), 283–290.
Baumeister, R. F., & Campbell, W. K. (1999). The intrinsic appeal of evil: Sadism, sensational thrills, and threatened egotism. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3(3), 210.
Berkowitz, L. & LePage, A. (1967). Weapons as aggression-eliciting stimuli. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 7(2), 202–207.
Björkqvist, K. (1985). Violent films, anxiety and aggression. Helsinki: Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters.
Björkqvist, K. (2018). Gender differences in aggression. Current Opinion in Psychology, 19, 39–42.
Bushman, B. J., Baumeister, R. F. & Phillips, C. M. (2001). Do people aggress to improve their mood? Catharsis beliefs, affect regulation opportunity, and aggressive responding. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(1), 17–32.
Carlson, M., Marcus-Newhall, A., & Miller, N. (1990). Effects of Situational Aggression Cues: A Quantitative Review. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(4), 622–633).
Denson, T. F., DeWall, C. N., & Finkel, E. J. (2012). Self-control and aggression. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 21(1), 20–25.
DeWall, C. N., & Anderson, C. A. (2011). The General Aggression Model. In M. Mikulincer, & P. R. Shaver (Hrsg.), Understanding and Reducing Aggression, Violence, and Their Consequences (S. 15–33). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Drabman, R. S., & Thomas, M. H. (1974). Does media violence increase children’s toleration of real-life aggression? Developmental Psychology, 10(3), 418–421.
Elson, M., & Ferguson, C. J. (2014). Twenty-five years of research on violence in digital games and aggression: Empirical evidence, perspectives, and a debate gone astray. European Psychologist, 19(1), 33–46. doi: 10.1027/1016–9040/a000147
Greitemeyer, T., & Mügge, D. O. (2014). Video games do affect social outcomes: A metaanalytic review of the effects of violent and prosocial video game play. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40(5), 578–589. doi: 0146167213520459
Hilgard, J., Engelhardt, C. R., & Rouder, J. N. (2017). Overstated evidence for short-term effects of violent games on affect and behavior: A reanalysis of Anderson et al. (2010). Psychological Bulletin 143(7), 757–774
Hofmann, W., Friese, M., & Strack, F. (2009). Impulse and self-control from a dual-systems perspective. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(2), 162–176.
Huesmann, L. R., & Eron, L. D. (1986). Television and the aggressive child: A cross-national comparison. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Hasan, Y., Bègue, L., & Bushman, B. J. (2012). Viewing the world through „blood-red tinted glasses”: The hostile expectation bias mediates the link between violent video game exposure and aggression. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48(4), 953–956.
Huesmann, L. R., Moise-Titus, J., Podolski, C. L., & Eron, L. D. (2003). Longitudinal relations between children’s exposure to TV violence and their aggressive and violent behavior in young adulthood: 1977–1992. Developmental Psychology, 39(2), 201–221.
Irwin, A. R., & Gross, A. M. (1995). Cognitive tempo, violent video games, and aggressive behavior in young boys. Journal of Family Violence, 10(3), 337–350.
Johnson, J. G., Cohen, P., Smailes, E. M., Kasen, S., & Brook, J. S. (2002). Television viewing and aggressive behavior during adolescence and adulthood. Science, 295, 2468–2471.
Josephson, W. L. (1987). Television violence and children’s aggression: Testing the priming, social script, and disinhibition predictions. Journal of personality and social psychology, 53(5), 882–890.
Krahé, B., & Busching, R. (2015). Breaking the vicious cycle of media violence use and aggression: A test of intervention effects over 30 months. Psychology of Violence, 5, 217–226
Krahé, B., & Möller, I. (2010). Longitudinal effects of media violence on aggression and empathy among German adolescents. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 31, 401–409.
Krahé, B., Busching, R., & Möller, I. (2012). Media violence use and aggression among German adolescents: Associations and trajectories of change in a three-wave longitudinal study. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 1, 152–166.
Lieberman, J. D., Solomon, S., Greenberg, J., & McGregor, H. A. (1999). A hot new way to measure aggression: Hot sauce allocation. Aggressive Behavior, 25(5), 331–348.
Löhe, F. (2007). US-Soldaten töten wahllos Zivilisten. http://www.focus.de/politik/ausland/tid-6860/irak-krieg_aid_66751.html. (Zugriff 20.11.2008)
Miles, D. R., & Carey, G. (1997). Genetic and environmental architecture of human aggression. Journal of personality and social psychology, 72(1), 207–217.
Molitor, F., & Hirsch, K. W. (1994). Children’s toleration of real-life aggression after exposure to media violence: A replication of the Drabman and Thomas studies. Child Study Journal, 24(3), 191–207.
Möller, I., Krahé, B., Busching, R., & Krause, C. (2012). Efficacy of an intervention to reduce the use of media violence and aggression: An experimental evaluation with adolescents in Germany. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 41, 105–120.
Mößle, T., Kleimann, F., Rehbein, F., & Pfeiffer, C. (2006). Mediennutzung, Schulerfolg, Jugendgewalt und die Krise der Jungen. Zeitschrift für Jugendkriminalrecht und Jugendhilfe, 3, 295.
Nathanson, A. (1999). Identifying and explaining the relationship between parental mediation and children’s aggression. Communication Research, 26(2), 124.
Paik, H., & Comstock, G. (1994). The effects of television violence on antisocial behavior: A meta-analysis 1. Communication Research, 21(4), 516–546.
Reicher, S. D., Spears, R., & Postmes, T. (1995). A social identity model of deindividuation phenomena. European Review of Social Psychology, 6(1), 161–198.
SCHAU HIN! (Hrsg) www.schau-hin.info/informieren/medien/schauen/goldene-regeln/7-10-jahre.html. (Zugriff 16.02.2018)
SCHAU HIN! (Hrsg) www.schau-hin.info/informieren/medien/surfen/goldene-regeln/7-10-jahre.html. (Zugriff 16.02.2018)
Singer, J. L., & Singer, D. G. (1986). Television-viewing and family communication style as predictors of children’s emotional behavior. Journal of Children in Contemporary Society, 17, 75–91.
Spitzer, M. (2005). Vorsicht Bildschirm. Elektronische Medien, Gehirnentwicklung, Gesundheit und Gesellschaft. (Transfer ins Leben, Bd. 1). Stuttgart: Klett.
Taylor, S. P. (1967). Aggressive behavior and physiological arousal as a function of provocation and the tendency to inhibit aggression.Journal of Personality, 35(2), 297–310.
Willoughby, T. W., Adachi, P. J. C., & Good, M. (2012). A longitudinal study of the association between violent video game play and aggression among adolescents. Developmental Psychology, 48(4), 1044–1057. doi: 10.1037/a0026046
Weiterführende Literatur
Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2002). Human aggression. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 27–51.
Anderson, C. A., Berkowitz, L., Donnerstein, E., Huesmann, L. R., Johnson, J., Linz, D., & Wartella, E. (2003). The influence of media violence on youth. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4(3), 81–110.
Anderson, C. A., Carnagey, N. L., Flanagan, M., Benjamin, A. J., Eubanks, J., & Valentine, J. C. (2004). Violent video games: Specific effects of violent content on aggressive thoughts and behavior. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 36, 199–249.
Baumeister, R. F., & Campbell, W. K. (1999). The intrinsic appeal of evil: Sadism, sensational thrills and threatened egotism. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3(3), 210.
Elson, M., & Ferguson, C. J. (2014). Twenty-five years of research on violence in digital games and aggression: Empirical evidence, perspectives, and a debate gone astray. European Psychologist, 19(1), 33–46. doi: 10.1027/1016–9040/a000147
Reicher, S. D., Spears, R., & Postmes, T. (1995). A social identity model of deindividuation phenomena. European Review of Social Psychology, 6(1), 161–198.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer-Verlag GmbH Deutschland, ein Teil von Springer Nature
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Messner, C., Friese, M. (2019). Gewalthaltige Medien und aggressives Verhalten. In: Schneider, S., Margraf, J. (eds) Lehrbuch der Verhaltenstherapie, Band 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57369-3_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-57369-3_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-57368-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-662-57369-3
eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)