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Bewegung und Herz-Kreislauf- Erkrankungen

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Körperliche Aktivität und Gesundheit

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Zusammenfassung

Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen sind eine der zahlenmäßig größten und klinisch wichtigsten Erkrankungen, in Deutschland waren sie im Jahr 2014 die häufigste Ursache von Todesfällen mit 349.217 Fällen. Dabei nimmt die Bedeutung mit der Alterung der Bevölkerung zu, denn Alter, familiäre und genetische Prädisposition und Geschlecht sind die wichtigsten Risikofaktoren. Die ab den 1950er Jahren definierten klassischen Risikofaktoren Rauchen, arterielle Hypertonie, Hypercholesterinämie, Adipositas und Diabetes mellitus für Arteriosklerose und koronare Herzerkrankung sind wichtig für die Behandlungsstrategie und Therapieansätze. Mittlerweile setzt sich zunehmend die Erkenntnis durch, dass diese Risikofaktoren ganz ursächlich mit dem Lebensstil zusammenhängen. Sitzende Lebensweise und Adipositas können als »pre-ageing«-Syndrome betrachtet werden, die zu chronischer Erhöhung von inflammatorischen Zytokinen und damit zu zahlreichen Folgeerkrankungen, u. a. zu Arteriosklerose und assoziierten Herz- und Gefäßkrankheiten, führen. Verhinderung von Bewegungsmangel ist eine wichtige und ursächliche Präventionsstrategie für Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen. In der Therapie und Sekundärprävention sind körperliche Bewegung, Training und Sport wichtige therapeutische Maßnahmen und denen medikamentöser Strategien gleichwertig. Die Differentialtherapie umfasst körperliche Bewegung, Gymnastik, Ausdauer- und Krafttraining, hochintensives Training, ebenso Ratschläge für die tägliche Aktivität.

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  1. Sektion Sport- und Rehabilitationsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Leimgrubenweg 14, 89075, Ulm

    Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h.c. Jürgen Michael Steinacker

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  1. Prof. Dr. med. Dr. h.c. Jürgen Michael Steinacker
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  2. Hasema Lesevic
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  1. Institut für Sportwissenschaften, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Deutschland

    Winfried Banzer

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Steinacker, J., Lesevic, H. (2017). Bewegung und Herz-Kreislauf- Erkrankungen. In: Banzer, W. (eds) Körperliche Aktivität und Gesundheit. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-50335-5_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-50335-5_14

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