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Mediastinum

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Bildatlas der Lungensonographie

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Zusammenfassung

Mediastinale Raumforderungen liegen meist im vorderen oberen Mediastinum. Sie sind durch die transthorakale Sonographie fast genauso zuverlässig wie durch die Computertomographie beurteilbar und meist gut sonographisch gesteuert zur Gewebsgewinnung punktierbar. Bei akuter thorakaler Symptomatik ist das Verfahren als point-of-care Sonographie in der Notfalldiagnostik einsetzbar. Es zeigt allerdings gegenüber der CT nur Teilausschnitte des Mediastinums bei sehr wechselnder Bildqualität. Einige dieser Nachteile können durch den Einsatz der endoluminalen transösophagealen und endobronchialen Sonographie ausgeglichen werden. EUS-FNA spielt eine wichtige diagnostische Rolle bei der Stadienbestimmung von Lungenkrebs, der Diagnostik mediastinaler Raumforderungen und der Diagnosis von Sarkoidose. Hier ermöglicht der Einsatz von EUS-FNA eine Verringerung chirurgischer Eingriffe und unnötiger Thorakotomien, ist dazu kosteneffektiv und patientenfreundlich. Die Einführung der EUS wird durch die Verwendung der EBUS-Sonde vereinfacht.

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    Dr. Wolfgang Blank OA & Dr. Alexander Heinzmann OA

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Blank, W., Heinzmann, A. (2016). Mediastinum. In: Mathis, G. (eds) Bildatlas der Lungensonographie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-47536-2_6

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