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Beatmung, Atemregulation und Weaning, ARDS

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NeuroIntensiv

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Zusammenfassung

Die maschinelle Beatmung ist ein wesentlicher Teil der intensivmedizinischen Therapie, da insbesondere bei Patienten mit zerebralen Schädigungen fast regelhaft auch eine Störung der Atemfunktion vorliegt. Die Entwicklung moderner Intensivventilatoren wurde durch die Polioepidemien in Europa in den 1950er Jahren getriggert. Inzwischen stehen hochkomplexe, computergesteuerte Geräte zur Verfügung, die zur Ausnutzung ihrer Potenziale vom Anwender grundlegende Kenntnisse der Atemphysiologie und spezifische Kenntnisse der Atemregulation erfordern. Die Vielfalt verfügbarer Beatmungsmodi macht es möglich, für jeden Patienten die Beatmungstherapie individuell anzupassen. Das ist insofern wichtig, als die maschinelle Beatmung zwar eine akut lebensrettende Maßnahme darstellt, bei unsachgemäßer Durchführung aber eine Schädigung der Lunge verursachen kann. Dieses Kapitel befasst sich mit den Grundlagen der Atemphysiologie und der Technik der maschinellen Beatmung. Es soll den Anwender in die Lage versetzen, die Beatmungseinstellung möglichst optimal an den individuellen Patienten anzupassen.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Anästhesiologie, operative Intensivmedizin, Rettungsmedizin, Schmerztherapie, Klinikum Herford (AÖR), Schwarzenmoorstr. 70, 32049, Herford, Deutschland

    Dietrich Henzler Dr.

  2. Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland

    Rolf Rossaint Prof. Dr.

Authors
  1. Dietrich Henzler Dr.
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  2. Rolf Rossaint Prof. Dr.
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Correspondence to Dietrich Henzler Dr. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Neurologische Klinik, Universitätklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany

    Stefan Schwab

  2. Neurologische Klinik und Geriatrie, Johannes Wesling Klinikum Minden, Minden, Germany

    Peter Schellinger

  3. Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Klinikum der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany

    Christian Werner

  4. Neurochirurgische Klinik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    Andreas Unterberg

  5. Neurologische Klinik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany

    Werner Hacke

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Henzler, D., Rossaint, R. (2015). Beatmung, Atemregulation und Weaning, ARDS. In: Schwab, S., Schellinger, P., Werner, C., Unterberg, A., Hacke, W. (eds) NeuroIntensiv. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46500-4_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46500-4_9

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