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Human Factor

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Handbuch Klinisches Risikomanagement

Part of the book series: Erfolgskonzepte Praxis- & Krankenhaus-Management ((ERFOLGSPRAXIS))

Zusammenfassung

Human-Factor-Modelle analysieren Bedingungen menschlichen Leistungsverhaltens, die im Akteur selbst, in der jeweiligen Arbeitsaufgabe, im Umfeld oder in der Organisation liegen können und die ursächlich für Arbeitsqualität oder Fehler wirksam werden. Aufgrund der hohen Bedeutung dieser Faktoren für Hochrisikoorganisationen entwickelte sich in den 1980er Jahren die Human-Reliability-Forschung. Das SHELL-Modell gliedert Human Factors in die Bereiche Software (Regelwerke), Hardware (Geräte), Environment (Umfeld) und Liveware (Team/Individuum). Grenzen menschlichen Leistungsvermögens können z. B. bei Übermüdung, Informationsüberfluss oder Stress auftreten. Mensch-Maschine-Interaktionen werden ebenso besprochen wie ein hoher Automatisierungsgrad, der neue Risiken birgt (z. B. Complacency). Der Ansatz des Threat-and-error-Managements beschreibt Strategien, durch die Gefahren und Fehler im Arbeitsalltag rechtzeitig identifiziert und durch Gegenmaßnahmen neutralisiert werden können.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aviation Psychologist, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR) DLR-Standort Hamburg, Sportallee 54a, 22335, Hamburg, Deutschland

    Dr. phil. Hans-Jürgen Hörmann

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  1. Dr. phil. Hans-Jürgen Hörmann
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Correspondence to Hans-Jürgen Hörmann .

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  1. Euteneier-Consulting GmbH, Herrsching am Ammersee, Germany

    Alexander Euteneier

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Hörmann, HJ. (2015). Human Factor. In: Euteneier, A. (eds) Handbuch Klinisches Risikomanagement. Erfolgskonzepte Praxis- & Krankenhaus-Management. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45150-2_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45150-2_12

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-45149-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-45150-2

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