Skip to main content

Pharmakologische Therapie

  • Chapter
Benigne Prostatahyperplasie
  • 59 Accesses

Zusammenfassung

Phytopharmaka sind Fertigarzneimittel (Arzneispezialitäten), die im Unterschied zu »chemischen Arzneimitteln« als Wirkstoffe pflanzliche, vorwiegend standardisierte Extrakte enthalten [44]. Sie werden in den üblichen galenischen Zubereitungen (z. B. Tropfen, Tabletten, Dragees etc.) angeboten, im schulmedizinischen Sinne eingesetzt, bezüglich der pharmakologischen Wirkungen in Experimenten und zum Nachweis der therapeutischen Wirksamkeit in klinischen Studien geprüft.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literatur

  1. Aso Y, Boccon-Gibaud I, Brendler CB et al (1993) Clinical research criteria. In: Cockett AT, Aso Y, ChatelaIn C, Denis L, Griffith K, Murphy G (eds) Proceedings of the 2nd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). Paris, SCI, pp 345–355

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bach D, Walker H, Zahradnik HP (1985) Phytosterol senkt Prostaglandinkonzentration im Prostataexprimat. Therapiewoche 35:4292–4297

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bach D (1990) Benigne Prostatahyperplasie (BPH) - Bericht über die Anwendungsbeobachtung des Phytotherapeutikums Prostasal. Urologe (B) 30:19–22

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bach D, Ebeling L(1992) Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Phytotherapie bei BPH: Behandlungsergebnisse mit CerniltonN im Stadium 1-3 nach Alken (bzw. II-IV nach Vahlensieck). In: Vahlensieck W, Rutishauser G (Hrsg) Benigne Prostatopathien. Thieme, Stuttgart, S 187–194

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bach D (1995)Medikamentöse Langzeitbehandlung der BPH - Ergebnisse einer prospektiven 3-Jahres-Studie mit dem Sabalextrakt IDS 89. Urologe (B) 35:178–183

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bach D, Grützner K, Theurer C (1999) Placebokontrollierte Langzeitstudie mit Kürbissamenextrakt aber bei BPH-Beschwerden. Kongreß Dtsch. Ges. f. Phytotherapie, 12.-13.11.99, Münster (Westf).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bauer HW, Bach D (1986) Prostaglandin E2 bei Prostatitis und Prostataadenom. Urol Int 41: 139–144

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bauer HW, Sudhoff F, Dressler S (1988) Endokrine Parameter während der Behandlung der benignen Prostatahyperplasie mit ERU. In: Bauer HW (Hrsg) Benigne Prostatahyperplasie II. Zuckschwerdt, München, S 44–49

    Google Scholar 

  9. Becker H, Ebeling L (1988) Konservative Therapie der benignen Prostata-Hyperplasie (BPH) mit CerniltonN. Urologe (B) 28: 301–306

    Google Scholar 

  10. Behnke B (1996) Fettsäure- und Polyaminkonzentrationen im Serum und BPH-Gewebe nach dreimonatiger Therapie mit Sabal-Extrakt IDS 89 bzw. Placebo. In: Vahlensieck W, Helpap B, Krieg M (Hrsg) Medikamentöse BPH-Behandlung. Thieme, Stuttgart, S 51–53

    Google Scholar 

  11. Berges RR, Windeler J, Trampisch HJ, Senge T and the sitosterol study group (1995) Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial of ß-sitosterol in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Lancet 345:1529–1532

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Breu W, Stadler F, Hagenlochner M, Wagner H (1992) Der Sabalfrucht-Extrakt SG 291 Ein Phytotherapeutikum zur Behandlung der benignen Prostatahyperplasie. Z Phytother 13:107–115

    Google Scholar 

  13. Brühl P (1985) Benigne Prostatahyperplasie (BPH) - Bericht über eine Multicenterstudie zur Wirksamkeit eines ß-Sitosterins. Therapiewoche 35:3629–3637

    Google Scholar 

  14. Buck AC, Cox R, Rees RWM, Ebeling L, John A (1990) Treatment of outflow tract obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia with the pollen extract Cernilton. Brit J Urol 66: 398–404

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Carraro JC, Raynaud JP and the BPH-Study-Group (1996) Comparison of phytotherapy (Permixon) with Finasterid in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized international study of 1098 patients. Prostate 29:231–240

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Cockett AT, Aso Y, Denis L. Etal. (eds) (1996) Proceedings of the 3rd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) Monaco, June 1995. Scientific Communication International Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Cowan RA, Cowan SK, Giles CA, Grant IK )1976) Prostatic distribution of sexhormone-binding globulin and cortisol-binding-globulin in benign hyperplasia. J Endocrinol 71:121–131

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Cukier D et al (1986) Permixon versus placebo - resultats d’une etude multicentrique. La Gazette Med Fr [Suppl 1]: 34–38.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Dreikorn K, Richter R, Schönhöfer PS (1990) Konservative, nicht-hormonelle Behandlung der benignen Prostatahyperplasie. Urologe (A) 29: 8–16

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Düker EM, Kopanski L, Schweikert HU (1989) Inhibition of 5-alpha-reductase activity by extracts from sabal serrulata. Planta Med 55: 587

    Google Scholar 

  21. Engelmann U, Boss G, Kres H (1996) Therapie der benignen Prostatahyperplaise mit Bazoton Liquidum. Urologe (B) 36: 287–291

    Google Scholar 

  22. Fischer M, Wilbert D (1992) Wirkprüfung eines Phytopharmakons zur Behandlung der benignen Prostatahyperplasie. In: Rutishauser G (Hrsg) Benigne Prostatahyperplasie III. Zuckschwerdt, München, S 79–84

    Google Scholar 

  23. Ganßer D, Spiteller G (1995)Aromatase inhibitors from Urtica dioica roots: Planta Med 61: 138–140

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Habenicht UF, El Etreby MF (1991) Rationale for using aromatase inhibitors to manage benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Androl 12: 395–402

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Helpap B (1992) Pathologie der chronisch-unspezifischen Prostatitis. In: Vahlensieck W, Rutishauser C(Hrsg) Benigne Prostatopathien. Thieme, Stuttgart, S 35–50

    Google Scholar 

  26. Helpap B, Oehler U, Weisser H, Bach D, Ebeling L (1995) Morphology of benign prostatic hyperplasia after treatment with sabal extract IDS 89 or placebo. J Urol Pathol 3/3:175–182

    Google Scholar 

  27. Kassen A, Berges R, Senge T (1997) Effect of ß-Sitosterol (Harzol) on the expression and secretion of growth factors in primary human prostate stromal cell-cultures in vitro. 4th Int. Consult. on BPH, 02.-05.07.97, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  28. Klippel KF, Hiltl DM, Schipp B for the German BPH-Phyto-study group (1997) A multicentric placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial of ß-sitosterol (phytosterol) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 80:427–432

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Koch E (1995) Pharmakologie und Wirkmechamismen von Extrakten aus Sabalfrüchten (Sabal fructus), Brennesselwurzeln (Urticae radix) und Kürbissamen (Cucurbitae peponis semen) bei der Behandlung der benignen Prostata-hyperplasie. In: Loew D, Rietbrock R (Hrsg) Phytopharmaka in Forschung und klinischer Anwendung. Steinkopff, Darmstadt, S 57–79

    Google Scholar 

  30. Koch E, Biber A Pharmacological evaluation of a fixed combination (Prostagutt forte) of ethanolic extracts from saw palmetto fruits (Serenoa repens L.) and stinging nettle roots (Urtica dioica L) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Kraus R, Spiteller G, Bartsch W (1991) (10 E, 127)-9-hydroxy 10,12-octadecadiensäure, ein Aromatase-Hemmstoff aus dem Wurzelextrakt von Urtica dioica. Liebigs Ann Chem, S 335-339

    Google Scholar 

  32. Krieg M, Bartsch W, Thomsen M, Voigt KD (1983) Androgens and estrogens: their interaction with stroma and epithelium of human benign prostatic hyperplasia and normal prostate. J Steroid Biochem 19:155–161

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Liang T, Liao S (1992) Inhibition of Steroid 5-alpha-reductase by specific aliphatic unsaturated fatty acids. Biochem J 285: 557–562

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Loschen G, Ebeling L (1992) Inhibition of the arachidonic acid metabolism by an extract from ryce pollen. In: Vahlensieck W, Rutishauser G (eds) Benign Prostate Diseases. Thieme, Stuttgart, pp 65–72.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Mattei FJ, Capone M, Acconica A (1990) Medikamentöse Therapie der BPH mit einem Extrakt der Sägepalme. TW-Urol Nephrol 2: 346–350

    Google Scholar 

  36. Mc Neal JE (1983) Relationship of the origin of benign prostatic hypertrophy to prostatic structure of man and other mammals. In: Hinman F jr (ed) Benign prostatic hypertrophy. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 152–166

    Google Scholar 

  37. Metzker H, Kieser M, Hölscher U (1996) Wirksamkeit eines Sabal-Urtica-Kombinationspräparates bei der Behandlung der benignen Prostatahyperplasie (BPH). Urologe (B) 36: 292–300

    Google Scholar 

  38. Niederprüm HJ, Schweikert HU, Zänker KS (1994) Testosteron 5-alpha-reductase inhibition by free fatty acids from Sabal serrulata fruits. Phytomedicine 1:127–133

    Google Scholar 

  39. Pegel KH, Walker H (1989) Neue Aspekte zur benignen Prostatahyperplasie (BPH). Die Rolle der Leukotriene und Prostaglandine bei der Entstehung sowie bei der konservativen Therapie der durch sie verursachten Symptome. Extr Urol 7: 91–96

    Google Scholar 

  40. Penning TM, Carlson KE, Sharp RB (1987) Affinity-labelling of the antiinflammtory drug and prostaglandin-binding site of 3-alpha-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase of rat liver cytosol with 17-ß and 21-bromo acetoxysteroid. Biochem J 245: 269–276

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Quayle AJ, Kelly RW, Hargreave TB, James K (1989) Immunsuppression by seminal Prostaglandins. Clin Exp Immunol 75: 387–391

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Rausch U, Goebel HW, Westermann R, Janet T, Meinhardt A, Aumüller G (1994) Wachstumsfaktoren und ihre Rezeptoren in der Prostata als mögliche Angriffspunkte von Phytotherapeutika bei der BPH. In: Boos G (Hrsg) Benigne Prostatahyperplasie. pmi-Verlag, Frankfurt, S 45–62

    Google Scholar 

  43. Reece-Smith H, Memon A, Smart CJ, Dewbury K (1986) The value of permixon in benign prostatic hypertrophy. Brit J Urol 58: 36–40

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Schilcher H, Dunzendorfer U, Ascali F (1987)Delta-7-Sterole, das prostatotrope Wirkprinzip in Kürbissamen? Urologe (B) 27: 316–319

    Google Scholar 

  45. Schilcher H (1992) Phytoherapie in der Urologie. Hippokrates, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  46. Schmidt KH (1983) Die Wirkung eines Radix Urtica Extraktes und einzelner Nebenextrakte auf das SHBG des Blutplasmas bei der benignen Prostatahyperplasie. Fortschr Med 101: 713–716

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Schmitz W (1995) Urologika. In: Schwabe U, Paffrath D (Hrsg) Arzneiverordnungsreport ’95. Gustav Fischer, Stuttgart, S 410–420

    Google Scholar 

  48. Schneider HJ (1986) Wirkung und Verträglichkeit von Harzol bei Patienten mit BPH.Z Allg Med 62:1069-1072

    Google Scholar 

  49. Schneider HJ, Uysal A (1994) Internationaler Prostata-Symptomen-Score (I-PSS) im klinischen Alltag. Urologe (B) 34:443–447

    Google Scholar 

  50. Schulz V, Hänsel R (1996) Rationale Phytotherapie - Ratgeber für die ärztliche Praxis. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  51. Sinowatz F, Amselgruber W, Boos G et al. Zur parakrinen Regulation des Prostatawachstums: Besteht eine Wechselwirkung zwischen den basischen Fibroblastin-Wachstumsfaktor und dem Lektin UDS? In: Boos G (Hrsg) Benigne Prostatahyperplasie, pmi-Verlag, Frankfurt, S 79–86

    Google Scholar 

  52. Sökeland J, Albrecht J (1997) Vergleiche der therapeutischen Wirksamkeit eines Kombinationspräparates aus Sabal- und Urtica-Extrakt mit Finasterid bei Patienten mit benigner Prostatahyperplasie (Stadium I bis II) in einer einjährigen Doppelblindstudie. Urologe A 36: 327–333

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Ströker W (1985) Prostataerkrankungen, konservative Therapie ist meist ausreichend. Ärztl Prax 46:2138–2139

    Google Scholar 

  54. Sultan C, Terraza A, Devillier C et al. (1984) Inhibition of androgen metabolism and binding by a liposterolic extract of »Serenoa repens B« in human foreskin fibroblasts. J Steroid Biochem 20: 515–519

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Vahlensieck W sen (1996) BPH-Stadieneinteilung. BPH-Konferenz, Guernsey, 19.-22.09.1996

    Google Scholar 

  56. Vahlensieck W jr, Völp A, Lubos W, Kuntze M (1993) Konservative Behandlung der benignen Prostatahyperplasie mit einem Sabalfruchtextrakt. Fortschr Med 111:323–326

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Vontobel HP, Herzog R, Rutishauser G, Kres H (1985) Ergebnisse einer Doppelblindstudie über die Wirksamkeit der ERU-Kapseln in der konservativen Behandlung der benignen Prostatahyperplasie. Urologe (A) 24:49–51

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Wagner H, Willer F (1988) Neue chemische und pharmakologische Untersuchungen des Radixurticae-Extraktes (ERU). In: Bauer HW (Hrsg) Benigne Prostatahyperplasie II - Klinische und experimentelle Urologie 19. Zuckschwerdt, München,S 51–54

    Google Scholar 

  59. Wagner H, Willer F (1990)Chemie und Pharmakologie von Urtica-Präparaten - Antiphlogistische und imunodulierende Wirkung, ngm 3: 309–312

    Google Scholar 

  60. Wagner H, Willer F, Samtleben R, Boos G (1994) Search for the antiprostatic principles of stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) roots. Phytomedicine 1:213–224

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Wagner H, Willer F, Samtleben R (1994) Lektine und Polysaccharide - die Wirkprinzipien der Urtica dioica-Wurzel? In: Boos G (Hrsg) Benigne Prostatahyperplasie. pmi-Verlag, Frankfurt, S 115–122

    Google Scholar 

  62. Wagner H, Geiger WN, Boos G, Samtleben R (1995) Studies on the binding of Urtica dioica agglutinin (UDA) and other lectins in an in-vitro epidermal growth factor receptor test. Phytomedicine 4:287–290

    Google Scholar 

  63. Weisser H, Tunn S, Oette K, Krieg M (1993) Fatty acid composition of phospholipids in human benign prostatic hyperplasia. Exp Clin Endocrinol 101:135–140

    Google Scholar 

  64. Weisser H, Krieg M (1996) Enzymaktivitäten in der menschlichen BPH nach dreimonatiger Gabe von Sabal-Extrakt IDS 89. In: Vahlensieck W, Helpap B, Krieg M (Hrsg) Medikamentöse BPHBehandlung. Thieme, Stuttgart, S 35–41.

    Google Scholar 

  65. Weisser H, Tunn S, Behnke B, Krieg M (1996) Effects of the Sabal serrulata extract IDS 89 and its subfractions on 5-alpha-reductase in human benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 28: 300–306

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Weisser H, Krieg M (1997) Lipid composition in epithelium and stroma of human benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 30:41–46

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Weisser H, Behnke B, Helpap B, Bach D, Krieg M (1997) Enzyme activities in tissue of human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) after three months treatment with Sabal serrulata extract IDS 89 (Strogen) or placebo. Eur Urol 31: 97–101

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Wichtl M, Daniel M (1994) Lektine verschiedener Urtica Arten und ihr Bindungsvermögen an Prostatagewebe - Erste Ergebnisse. In: Boos G (Hrsg) Benigne Prostatahyperplasie. pmi-Verlag, Frankfurt,S 137–145.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Zahradnik HP, Schillfahrt R, Schoening R, Ebbinghaus K-D, Dunzendorfer U (1980) Prostaglandin-Gehalt in Prostataadenomen nach Behandlung mit einem Sterol. Fortschr Med 96:69–72.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Abrams P (1997) Urodynamic effects of doxazosin in men with lower urinary tract symptoms and benign prostatic obstruction. Results from three double-blind placebo-controlled studies. Eur Urol 32: 39–46

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Abrams P, Schulman CC, Vaage S (1995) Tamsulosin, a selective alpha lc-adrenoceptor antagonist: a randomized, controlled trial in patients with benign prostatic ’obstruction’ (symptomatic BPH). The European Tamsulosin Study Group. Br J Urol 76: 325–336

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Abrams P, Speakman M, Stott M, Arkell D, Pocock R (1997) A dose-ranging study of the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin, the first prostate-selective alpha 1 A-adrenoceptor antagonist, in patients 294

    Google Scholar 

  73. K. Höfner et al. with benign prostatic obstruction (symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia). Br J Urol 80: 587–596

    Google Scholar 

  74. Ahaneku JE (1996) Blood pressure and blood glucose levels during a cross-over treatment of doxazosin, moduretic and amlodipine in hypertensive patients. Kobe J Med Sei 42:19–29

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Andersson KE (1995) Uroselectivity. In: Cockett ATK, Khoury S, Aso Y, Chatelain C, Denis L, Griffiths K, Murphy G (eds) The 3rd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), Monaco June 26-28, 1995, Proceedings. Scientific Communication International Ltd, pp 541-542

    Google Scholar 

  76. Andersson K-E, Lepor H, Wyllie MG (1997) Prostatic alpha 1-adrenoceptors and uroselectivity. Prostate 30:202–215

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Bartsch G, Muller HR, Oberholzer M, Rohr HP (1979) Light microscopic stereological analysis of the normal human prostate and of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 122:487–491

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Bendix Holme J, Christensen MM, Rasmussen PC et al. (1994) 29-week doxazosin treatment in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. A double-blind placebo-controlled study. Scand J Urol Nephrol 28:77–82

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Boyle P, Gould AL, Roehrborn CG (1996) Prostate volume predicts outcome of treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with fmasteride: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Urology 48: 398–405

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Boyle P, Napalkov P (1995) The epidemiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia and observations on concomitant hypertension. Scand J Urol Nephrol [Suppl 168]: 7–12

    Google Scholar 

  81. Brawer MK, Adams G, Epstein H (1993) Terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Terazosin Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Study Group. Arch Fam Med 2:929–935

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Bruno JF, Whittaker J, Song JF, Berelowitz M (1991) Molecular cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding a human alpha 1 A adrenergic receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 179:1485–1490

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Buzelin JM, Delauche-Cavallier MC, Roth S, Geffriaud-Ricouard C, Santoni JP (1997) Clinical uroselectivity: evidence from patients treated with slow-release alfuzosin for symptomatic benign prostatic obstruction. Br J Urol 79: 898–904

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Buzelin JM, Fonteyne E, Kontturi M, Witjes WP, Khan A (1997) Comparison of tamsulosin with alfuzosin in the treatment of patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of bladder outlet obstruction (symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia). The European Tamsulosin Study Group. Br J Urol 80: 597–605

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Buzelin JM, Roth S, Geffriaud-Ricouard C, Delauche-Cavallier MC (1997) Efficacy and safety of sustained-release alfuzosin 5 mg in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. ALGEBI Study Group. Eur Urol 31:190–198

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Caine M (1979) Phenoxybenzamine for benign prostatic hypertrophy. Compr Ther 5:7–11

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Caine M, Mazouz B, Rossini BM (1984) The effect of nicergoline on the lower urinary tract muscle. Urol Res 12:287–290

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Caine M, Perlberg S, Meretyk S (1978) A placebo-controlled double-blind study of the effect of phenoxybenzamine in benign prostatic obstruction. Br J Urol 50:551–554

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Caine M, Perlberg S, Shapiro A (1981) Phenoxybenzamine for benign prostatic obstruction. Review of 200 cases. Urology 17: 542–546

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Caine M, Raz S, Zeigler M (1975) Adrenergic and cholinergic receptors in the human prostate, prostatic capsule and bladder neck. Brit J Urol 47:193

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Carbin BE, Bauer P, Friskand M, Moyse D (1991) Efficacy of alfuzosine (an alpha 1-adrenoreceptor blocking drug) in benign hyperplasia of the prostate. Scand J Urol Nephrol [Suppl 138]: 73–75

    Google Scholar 

  92. Chapple CR, Aubry ML, James S et al. (1989) Characterisation of human prostatic adrenoeeptors using pharmacology receptor binding and localisation. Br J Urol 63:487–496

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Chapple CR, Carter P, Christmas TJ, Kirby RS, Bryan J, Milroy EJ, Abrams P (1994) A three month double-blind study of doxazosin as treatment for benign prostatic bladder outlet obstruction. Br J Urol 74: 50–56

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Chapple CR, Christmas TJ, Milroy EJG (1990) A 12-week placebo controlled study of prazosin in the treatment of prostatic obstruction. Urol int [Suppl 45]: 47–55

    Google Scholar 

  95. Chapple CR, Wyndaele JJ, Nordling J, Boeminghaus F, Ypma AF, Abrams P (1996) Tamsulosin, the first prostate-selective alpha lA-adrenoceptor antagonist. A meta-analysis of two randomized, placebo-controlled, multicentre studies in patients with benign prostatic obstruction (symptomatic BPH). European Tamsulosin Study Group. Eur Urol 29:155–167

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Christensen MM, Bendix Holme J, Rasmussen PC et al. (1993) Doxazosin treatment in patients with prostatic obstruction. A double-blind placebo-controlled study. Scand J Urol Nephrol 27: 39–44

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Cockett AT, Aso Y, Denis L et al. (1993) Recommendations of the International Consensus Committee concerning: 1. Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) and quality of life assessment, 2.Diagnostic work-up of patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of prostatism, 3.Standardization of the evaluation of treatment modalities, 4. BPH treatment recommendations. In: Cockett ATK, Khoury S, Aso Y, Chatelain C, Denis L, Griffiths K, Murphy G (eds) The 2nd International Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), Paris, June 27-30,1993, Proceedings. Scientific Communication International Ltd, Jersey, Channel Islands, pp 553-564

    Google Scholar 

  98. Cotecchia S, Schwinn DA, Randall RR, Lefkowitz RJ, Caron MG, Kobilka BK (1988) Molecular cloning and expression of the cDNA for the hamster alpha 1-adrenergic receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA 85: 7159–7163

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Di Silverio F (1992) Use of terazosin in the medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: experience in Italy. Br J Urol 70 [Suppl 1] :22–26

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Donker PJ, Ivanovici F, Noach EL (1972) Analyses of the urethral pressure profile by means of electromyography and the administration of drugs. Br J Urol 44:180–193

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Dutkiewicz S, Witeska A, Stepien K (1995) Doxazosin-an alpha-1 receptor blocking agent in the long-term management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), Part Two. Int Urol Nephrol 27: 413–417

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Elhilali MM, Ramsey EW, Barkin J et al. (1996) A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 47: 335–342

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Elliott HL, Meredith PA, Reid JL (1987) Pharmacokinetic overview of doxazosin. Am J Cardiol 59: 78g–81g

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Fawzy A, Braun K, Lewis GP, Gaffney M, Ice K, Dias N (1995) Doxazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in normotensive patients: a multicenter study. J Urol 154:105–109

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Ford AP, Arredondo NF, Blue DR Jr et al. (1996) RS-17053 (N-[2-(2-cyclopropylmethoxyphenoxy) ethyl]-5-chloro-alpha, alpha-dimethyl-lH-indole-3-ethanamine hydrochloride), a selective alpha lA-adrenoceptor antagonist, displays low affinity for functional alpha 1-adrenoceptors in human prostate: implications for adrenoeeptor Classification. Mol Pharmacol 49: 209–215

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Ford AP, Daniels DV, Chang DJ, Gever JR, Jasper JR, Lesnick JD, Clarke DE (1997) Pharmacological pleiotropism of the human recombinant alphalA-adrenoceptor: implications for alpha 1-adrenoeeptor Classification. Br J Pharmacol 121:1127–1135

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Ford AP, Williams TJ, Blue DR, Clarke DE (1994) Alpha 1-adrenoeeptor Classification: sharpening Occam’s razor. Trends Pharmacol Sei 15:167–170

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Forray C, Bard JA, Wetzel JM et al. (1994) The alpha 1-adrenergic receptor that mediates smooth muscle contraction in human prostate has the pharmacological properties of the cloned human alpha lc subtype. Mol Pharmacol 45: 703–708

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Fowler FJ (1991) Patient reports of symptoms and quality of life following prostate surgery. Eur Urol 20 [Suppl 1] :44–49

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Fowler FJ Jr, Barry MJ (1993) Quality of life assessment for evaluating benign prostatic hyperplasia treatments. An example of using a condition-specific index. Eur Urol 24 [Suppl 1] :24–27

    Google Scholar 

  111. Furuya S, Kumamoto Y, Yokoyama E, Tsukamoto T, Izumi T, Abiko Y (1982) Alpha-adrenergic activity and urethral pressure in prostatic zone in benign prostatic hypertrophy. J Urol 128: 836–839

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Gillenwater JY, Conn RL, Chrysant SG, Roy J, Gaffney M, Ice K, Dias N (1995) Doxazosin for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response multicenter study. J Urol 154:110–115

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Gosling JA, Thompson SA (1977) A neurohistochemical and histological study of peripheral autonomic neurons of the human bladder neck and prostate. Urol Int 32: 269–276

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Grasso M, Montesano A, Buonaguidi A et al. (1995) Comparative effects of alfuzosin versus Serenoa repens in the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Arch Esp Urol 48: 97–103

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Guh JH, Chueh SC, Ko FN, Teng CM (1995) Characterization of alpha 1-adrenoeeptor subtypes in tension response of human prostate to electrical field Stimulation. Br J Pharmacol 115:142–146

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Gup DI, Shapiro E, Baumann M, Lepor H (1990) Autonomie receptors in human prostate adenomas. JUrol 143:179–185

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Han C, Abel PW, Minneman KP (1987) Heterogeneity of alpha-1-adrenergic receptors revealed by chloroethylclonidine. Mol Pharmacol 32: 505–510

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Hansen BJ, Nordling J, Mensink HJ, Walter S, Meyhoff HH (1994) Alfuzosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: effects on symptom scores, urinary flow rates and residual volume. A multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. ALFECH Study Group. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl 157:169–176

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Hatano A, Takahashi H, Tamaki M, Komeyama T, Koizumi T, Takeda M (1994) Pharmacological evidence of distinet alpha 1-adrenoeeptor subtypes mediating the contraction of human prostatic Urethra and peripheral artery. Br J Pharmacol 113: 723–728

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Hedlund H, Andersson KE, Ek A (1983) Effects of prazosin in patients with benign prostatic obstruction. J Urol 130: 275–278

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Hedlund H, Andersson KE, Larsson B (1985) Alpha-adrenoceptors and muscarinic receptors in the isolated human prostate. J Urol 134:1291–1298

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Hieble JP, Bylund DB, Clarke DE et al. (1995) International Union of Pharmacology. X. Recommendation for nomenclature of alpha 1-adrenoceptors: consensus update. Pharmacol Rev 47: 267–270

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Hieble JP, Caine M, Zalaznik E (1985) In vitro characterization of the alpha-adrenoceptors in human prostate. Eur J Pharm 107:111

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Hillman AL, Schwartz JS, Willian MK et al. (1996) The cost-effectiveness of terazosin and placebo in the treatment of moderate to severe benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 47:169–178

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Höfner K, Gonnermann O, Grünewald V, Oelke M, Jonas U (1997) The relation of smooth muscle and connective tissue in small and large BPH glands. Brit J Urol 80:181

    Google Scholar 

  126. Itskovitz HD (1994) Alpha 1-blockade for the treatment of hypertension: a megastudy of terazosin in 2214 clinical practice settings. Clin Ther 16:490–504

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. James S, Chapple CR, Phillips MI et al. (1989) Autoradiographic analysis of alpha-adrenoceptors and muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the hyperplastic human prostate. J Urol 142:438–444

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  128. Janknegt RA, Chapple CR (1993) Efficacy and safety of the alpha-1 blocker doxazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Analysis of 5 studies. Doxazosin Study Groups. Eur Urol 24: 319–326

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Jardin A (1996) Alfuzosin. In: Kirby R, McConnell JD, Fitzpatrick JM, Roehrborn CG, Boyle P (eds) Textbook of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Isis Medical Media, Oxford, pp 295–307

    Google Scholar 

  130. Jardin A, Bensadoun H, Delauche Cavallier MC, Attali P (1991) Alfuzosin for treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. The BPH-ALF Group Lancet 337:1457–1461

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Jardin A, Bensadoun H, Delauche Cavallier MC, Stalla Bourdillon A, Attali P (1994) Long-term treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with alfuzosin: a 24-30 month survey. BPHALF Group. Br J Urol74: 579–584

    Google Scholar 

  132. Jardin A, Bensadoun H, Delauche-Cavallier MC, Attali P (1993) Treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy with alfuzosin: a 12-18 month assessment. Brit J Urol 72:615–620

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Kaplan SA, Soldo KA, Olsson CA (1995) Terazosin and doxazosin in normotensive men with symptomatic prostatism: a pilot study to determine the effect of dosing regimen on efficacy and safety. Eur Urol 28:223–228

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Kawabe K (1995) Efficacy and safety of tamsulosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Urol 76 [Suppl 1]: 63–67

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  135. Kawabe K, Moriyama N, Hamada K, Ishima T (1990) Density and localization of alpha-1-adrenoceptors in hypertrophied prostate. J Urol 143: 592–595

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Kawabe K, Ueno A, Takimoto Y, Aso Y, Kato H (1990) Use of an alpha-1-blocker, YM 617, in the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. J Urol 144:908–912

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Kaye B, Cussans NJ, Faulkner JK, Stopher DA, Reid JL (1986) The metabolism and kinetics of doxazosin in man, mouse, rat and dog. Br J Clin Pharmacol 21 [Suppl 1]: 19s–25s

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Kenny BA, Chalmers DH, Philpott PC, Naylor AM (1995) Characterization of an alpha lD-adrenoceptor mediating the contractile response of rat aorta to noradrenaline. Br J Pharmacol 115: 981–986

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Kenny BA, Miller AM, Williamson IJ, J OC, Chalmers DH, Naylor AM (1996) Evaluation of the pharmacological selectivity profile of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists at prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors: binding, functional and in vivo studies. Br J Pharmacol 118: 871–878

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  140. Kenny BA, Naylor AM, Carter AJ, Read AM, Greengrass PM, Wyllie MG (1994) Effect of alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonists on prostatic pressure and blood pressure in the anesthetized dog. Urology 44: 52–57

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Kirby RS (1995) Doxazosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia: effects on blood pressure and urinary flow in normotensive and hypertensive men. Urology 46:182–186

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Kirby RS (1995) Efficacy of doxazosin in normotensive and hypertensive patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Scand J Urol Nephrol Suppl 168:29–33

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Kirby RS (1996) Doxazosin in the treatment of obstruction in the lower urinary tract. In: Kirby R, McConnell JD, Fitzpatrick JM, Roehrborn CG, Boyle P (eds) Textbook of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Isis Medical Media, Oxford, pp 287–293

    Google Scholar 

  144. Kirby RS, Coppinger SW, Corcoran MO, Chapple CR, Flannigan M, Milroy EJ (1987) Prazosin in the treatment of prostatic obstruction. A placebo-controlled study. Br J Urol 60:136–142

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Kitada S, Kumazawa J (1987) Pharmacological characteristics of smooth muscle in benign prostatic hyperplasia and normal prostatic tissue. J Urol 138:158–160

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Kobayashi S, Tang R, Shapiro E, Lepor H (1993) Characterization and localization of prostatic alpha 1 adrenoceptors using radioligand receptor binding on slide-mounted tissue section. J Urol 150:2002–2006

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  147. Kohno Y, Saito H, Takita M, Kigoshi S, Muramatsu I (1994) Heterogeneity of alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtypes involved in adrenergic contractions of dog blood vessels. Br J Pharmacol 112: 1167–1173

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Langer SZ (1974) Presynaptic regulation of catecholamine release. Brit J Pharmacol 60:481–497

    Google Scholar 

  149. Learmonth JR (1931) A contribution to the neurophysiology of the urinary bladder in man. Brain 54:147–176

    Google Scholar 

  150. Lee E, Lee C (1997) Clinical comparison of selective and non-selective alpha lA-adrenoreceptor antagonists in benign prostatic hyperplasia: studies on tamsulosin in a fixed dose and terazosin in increasing doses. Br J Urol 80: 606–611

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Lefkowitz RJ, Hoffmann BB, Taylor P (1990) Neurohumoral transmission: the autonomic and somatic motor nervous system. In: Goodman AG, Wall TH, Nies AS, Taylor P (eds) Goodman and Gilmans pharmacological basis of therapeutics. Pergamon Press, New York, pp 84–121

    Google Scholar 

  152. Lepor H (1995) Long-term efficacy and safety of terazosin in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Terazosin Research Group. Urology 45:406–413

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Lepor H, Auerbach S, Puras Baez A et al. (1992) A randomized, placebo-controlled multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 148:1467–1474

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Lepor H, Kaplan SA, Klimberg I et al. (1997) Doxazosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia: longterm efficacy and safety in hypertensive and normotensive patients. The Multicenter Study Group.JUrol 157: 525–530

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Lepor H, Shapiro E (1984) Characterization of alphal adrenergic receptors in human benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 132:1226–1229

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Lepor H, Shapiro E, Bowsher RR, Henry DP (1990) Determination of norepinephrine levels in the adult human prostate. J Urol 144:1263–1266

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Lepor H, Tang R, Meretyk S, Shapiro E (1993) Binding and functional properties of alphal adrenoceptors in different regions of the human prostate. J Urol 150:253–256

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  158. Lepor H, Tang R, Shapiro E (1993) The alpha-adrenoceptor subtype mediating the tension of human prostatic smooth muscle. Prostate 22: 301–307

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Lepor H, Williford WO, Barry MJ et al. (1996) The efficacy of terazosin, finasteride, or both in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Study Group [see comments]. N Engl J Med 335: 533–539

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  160. Lloyd SN, Buckley JF, Chilton CP, Ibrahim I, Kaisary AV, Kirk D (1992) Terazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a multicentre, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Urol 70 [Suppl 1]: 17–21

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  161. Lomasney JW, Cotecchia S, Lorenz W et al. (1991) Molecular cloning and expression of the cDNA for the alpha lA-adrenergic receptor. The gene for which is located on human chromosome 5. J Biol Chem 266: 6365–6369

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Lowe FC (1994) Safety assessment of terazosin in the treatment of patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: a combined analysis. Urology 44:46–51

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Lowe FC (1997) Coadministration of tamsulosin and three antihypertensive agents in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: pharmacodynamic effect. Clin Ther 19: 730–742

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  164. Lowe FC, McDaniel RL, Chmiel JJ, Hillman AL (1995) Economic modeling to assess the costs of treatment with finasteride, terazosin, and transurethral resection of the prostate for men with moderate to severe symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 46:477–483

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  165. Lukacs B, McCarthy C, Grange JC (1993) Long-term quality of life in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy: preliminary results of a cohort survey of 7,093 patients treated with an alpha-1-adrenergic blocker, alfuzosin. QOL BPH Study Group in General Practice. Eur Urol 24 [Suppl 1]: 34–40

    Google Scholar 

  166. Marshall I, Burt RP, Chapple CR (1995) Noradrenaline contractions of human prostate mediated by alpha lA-(alpha lc-) adrenoeeptor subtype. Br J Pharmacol 115: 781–786

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  167. Marshall I, Burt RP, Green GM, Hussain MB, Chapple CR (1996) Different subtypes of alpha 1Aadrenoeeptor mediating contraction of rat epididymal vas deferens, rat hepatic portal vein and human prostate distinguished by the antagonist RS 17053. Br J Pharmacol 119:407–415

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  168. Martin DJ, Lluel P, Guillot E, Coste A, Jammes D, Angel I (1997) Comparative alpha-1 adrenoeeptor subtype selectivity and functional uroselectivity of alpha-1 adrenoeeptor antagonists. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 282: 228–235

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  169. Martorana G, Giberti C, Di Silverio F et al. (1997) Effects of short-term treatment with the alpha 1-blocker alfuzosin on urodynamic pressure/flow parameters in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol 32:47–53

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  170. McConnell JD, Barry MJ, Bruskewitz RC et al. (1994) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: Diagnosis and treatment. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD

    Google Scholar 

  171. McGrath JC (1982) Evidence for more than one type of postjunctional alpha-adrenoceptor. Biochem Pharmacol 31:467–484

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  172. McGrath JC, Lepor H, Wyllie MG (1996) Report of a unique meeting between the alpha-blocker subcommittee and the pharmaceutical industry. Urology 48:665–667

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  173. Michel MC, Buscher R, Kerker J, Kraneis H, Erdbrugger W, Brodde OE (1993) Alpha 1-adrenoceptor subtype affinities of drugs for the treatment of prostatic hypertrophy. Evidence for heterogeneity of chloroethylclonidine-resistant rat renal alpha 1-adrenoceptor. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 348: 385–395

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  174. Minneman KP, Han C, Abel PW (1988) Comparison of alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtypes distinguished by chlorethylclonidine and WB 4101. Mol Pharmacol 33: 509–514

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  175. Neaton JD, Grimm RH Jr, Prineas RJ et al. (1993) Treatment of Mild Hypertension Study. Final results. Treatment of Mild Hypertension Study Research Group. Jama 270: 713–724

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  176. Perez DM, Piascik MT, Graham RM (1991) Solution-phase library Screening for the identification of rare clones: isolation of an alpha 1D-adrenergic receptor cDNA. Mol Pharmacol 40: 876–883

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  177. Piascik MT, Smith MS, Soltis EE, Perez DM (1994) Identification of the mRNA for the novel alpha lD-adrenoceptor and two other alpha 1-adrenoceptors in vascular smooth muscle. Mol Pharmacol 46: 30–40

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  178. Pool JL (1991) Effects of doxazosin on serum lipids: a review of the clinical data and molecular basis for altered lipid metabolism. Am Heart J 121:251–259

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  179. Pool JL (1996) Doxazosin: a new approach to hypertension and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Br J Clin Pract 50:154–163

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  180. Price DT, Schwinn DA, Lomasney JW, Allen LF, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ (1993) Identification, quantification, and localization of mRNA for three distinct alpha 1 adrenergic receptor subtypes in human prostate. J Urol 150: 546–551

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  181. Ramarao CS, Denker JM, Perez DM, Gaivin RJ, Riek RP, Graham RM (1992) Genomic Organization and expression of the human alpha lB-adrenergic receptor. J Biol Chem 267:21936–21945

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  182. Ramsay JW, Scott Gl, Whitfield HN (1985) A double-blind controlled trial of a new alpha-1 blocking drug in the treatment of bladder outflow obstruction. Br J Urol 57:657–659

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Raz S, Zeigler M, Caine M (1973) Pharmacological receptors in the prostate. Br J Urol 45: 663–667

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Roehrborn CG, Oesterling JE, Auerbach S, Kaplan SA, Lloyd LK, Milam DE, Padley RJ (1996) The Hytrin Community Assessment Trial study: a one-year study of terazosin versus placebo in the treatment of men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. HYCAT Investigator Group. Urology 47:159–168

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  185. Roehrborn CG, Siegel RL (1996) Safety and efficacy of doxazosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a pooled analysis of three double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Urology 48:406–415

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  186. Rollema HJ, Rosier P, Janknegt RA, van Mastrigt R (1991) Efficacy of alpha blocker doxazosin in BPH appraised be pressure flow (clim) analysis. Neurourol Urodyn 10:295–296

    Google Scholar 

  187. Ruoff G (1986) Comparative trials of terazosin with other antihypertensive agents. Am J Med 80: 42–48

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  188. Schulman CC (1996) Tamsulosin. In: Kirby R, McConnell JD, Fitzpatrick JM, Roehrborn CG, Boyle P (eds) Textbook of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Isis Medical Media, Oxford, pp 309–323

    Google Scholar 

  189. Schulman CC, Cortvriend J, Jonas U, Lock TM, Vaage S, Speakman MJ (1996) Tamsulosin, the first prostate-selective alpha 1A-adrenoceptor antagonist Analysis of a multinational, multicentre, open-label study assessing the long-term efficacy and safety in patients with benign prostatic obstruction (symptomatic BPH). European Tamsulosin Study Group. Eur Urol 29:145–154

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  190. Scott MG, Deering AH, McMahon MT, Harron DW, Shanks RG (1989) Haemodynamic and pharmacokinetic evaluation of alfuzosin in man. A dose ranging study and comparison with Prazosin. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 37: 53–58

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  191. Shapiro A, Mazouz B, Caine M (1981) The alpha-adrenergic blocking effect of prazosin on the human prostate. Urol Res 9:17–20

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  192. Shapiro E, Becich MJ, Hartanto V, Lepor H (1992) The relative proportion of stromal and epithelial hyperplasia is related to the development of symptomatic benign prostate hyperplasia. J Urol 147:1293–1297

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  193. Shapiro E, Hartanto V, Lepor H (1992) Quantifying the smooth muscle content of the prostate using double-immunoenzymatic staining and color assisted image analysis. J Urol 147: 1167–1170

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  194. Shapiro E, Hartanto V, Lepor H (1992) The response to alpha blockade in benign prostatic hyperplasia is related to the percent area density of prostate smooth muscle. Prostate 21: 297–307

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  195. Shapiro E, Lepor H (1986) Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors in hyperplastic human prostate: identification and characterization using [3H] rauwolscine. J Urol 135:1038–1042

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  196. Shapiro E, Tsitlik JE, Lepor H (1987) Alpha 2 adrenergic receptors in canine prostate: biochemical and functional correlations. J Urol 137: 565–570

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  197. Sonders RC (1986) Pharmacokinetics of terazosin. Am J Med 80: 20–24

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  198. Testa R, Guarneri L, Ibba M et al. (1993) Characterization of alpha 1-adrenoeeptor subtypes in prostate and prostatic Urethra of rat, rabbit, dog and man. Eur J Pharmacol 249: 307–315

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  199. Wilde MI, Fitton A, McTavish D (1993) Alfuzosin. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmaeokinetie properties, and therapeutic potential in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Drugs 45: 410–429

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  200. Witjes WP, Rosier FW, de Wildt MJ, van Iersel MP, Debruyne FM, de La Rosette JJ (1996) Urodynamic and clinical effects of terazosin therapy in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 155:1117–1123

    Google Scholar 

  201. Yamada S, Ashizawa N, Ushijima H, Nakayama K, Hayashi E, Honda K (1987) Alpha-1 adrenoceptors in human prostate: characterization and alteration in benign prostatic hypertrophy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 242: 326–330

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  202. Young RA, Brogden RN (1988) Doxazosin. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmaeokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy in mild or moderate hypertension. Drugs 35: 525–541

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  203. Andersen JT, Ekman P, Wolf H et al. and the Scandinavian BPH Study Group (1995) Can finasterid reverse the progress of benign prostatic hyperplasia? A two year placebo-controlled study. Urology 46: 631–637

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  204. Aumüller G (1992) Funktionelle Anatomie der Prostata. In: Benigne Prostatopathien. Thieme, Stuttgart, S 4–17

    Google Scholar 

  205. Barry MJ (1990) Epidemiology and natural history of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urol Clin North Am 17:495–507

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  206. Bartsch G, Muller HR, Oberholzer M, Rohr HP (1979) Light microscopic stereological analysis of the normal human prostate and of benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 122:487–491

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  207. Beisland HO, Binkowitz B, Brekkan E et al. (1992) Scandinavian clinical study of finasteride in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Eur Urol 22:271–277

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  208. Berry SJ, Coffey DS, Walsh PC, Ewing LL (1984) Development of benign prostatic hyperplasia with age. J Urol 132:474–479

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  209. Bosch RJ, Griffiths DJ, Blom JH, Schroeder FH (1989) Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia by androgen deprivation. Effects on prostatic size and urodynamic parameters. J Urol 141:68–72

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  210. Boyle P, McGinn R, Maisonneuve P, La Vecchia C (1991) Epidemiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia: present knowledge and studies needed. Eur Urol 20:3–10

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  211. Boyle P, Gould AL, Roehrborn CG (1996) Prostate volume predicts outcome of treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with finasteride: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Urology 48(3) 398–405

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  212. Brooks JR, Liang T, Rasmusson GH (1982) A new class of D4-5a-reductase inhibitors. Arch Andrology 9: 56

    Google Scholar 

  213. Cabot AT (1896) The question of castration for enlarged prostate. Ann Surg 26:265–285

    Google Scholar 

  214. Coffey DS, Walsh PC (1990) Clinical and experimental studies of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urol Clin North Am 17:461–475

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  215. Eri LM, Tveter KJ (1993) A prospective, placebo-controlled study of the luteinizing hormonereleasing hormone agonist leuprolide as treatment for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 150: 359–364

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  216. Finasteride Study Group (1993) Finasteride (MK-906) in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Prostate 22:291–299

    Google Scholar 

  217. Gabrilove JL, Levine AC, Kirschenbaum A, Droller M (1989) Effect of long-acting gonadotropinreleasing hormone analog (leuprolide) therapy on the prostatic size and symptoms in 15 men with benign prostatic hypertrophy. J Clin Endocrinol 69:629–632

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  218. Gingell JC, Knönagel H, Kurth KH, Tunn UW and the Schering 90.062 Study Group (1995) Placebo controlled double-blind study to test the efficacy of the aromatase inhibitor atamestane in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia not requiring operation. J Urol 154:399–401

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  219. Gormley GJ, Stoner E, Bruskewitz RC et al. (1992) The effect of finasteride in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. N Engl J Med 327:1185–1191

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  220. Griffiths K, Coffey D, Cockett A et al. (1995) The regulation of prostatic growth. In: 3rd Internat Consultation on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), Monaco, June 26-28, pp 73-122

    Google Scholar 

  221. Guess HA, Gormley GJ, Stoner E, Oesterling JE (1996) The effect of finasteride on prostate specific antigen: review on available data. J Urol 155:3–9

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  222. Habib FK, Ross M, Täte R, Chisholm FD(1997) Differential effect of finasteride on the tissue androgen concentrations in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Clin Endocrinol 46:137–144

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  223. Huggins C, Stevens RA (1940) The effect of castration on benign hypertrophy of the prostate in man. JUrol43: 705–714

    Google Scholar 

  224. Kirby RS (1996) Combination therapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a commentary on the results of the Veterans Administration Co-Operative Study. Urol Int 7:18–19

    Google Scholar 

  225. Lee C, Kozlowski JM, Grayhack JT (1995) Etiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urol Clin North Am 22(2) 237–246

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  226. Lepor H, Williford WO, Barry MJ et al. (1996) A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the safety and efficacy of terazosin and finasteride monotherapy and terazosin/finasteride combination therapy in men with clinical benign prostate hyperplasia: a Departement of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study. J Urol 135: 587A (Abstr 1105)

    Google Scholar 

  227. McConnell JD (1995) Benign prostate hyperplasia: hormonal treatment. Urol Clin North Am 22(2) 387–400

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  228. McConnell JD (1995) Prostatic growth: new insights into hormonal regulation. Br J Urol 76 (Suppl 1) 5–10

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  229. Moore E, Bracken B, Bremner W et al. (1995) Proscar: five-year experience. Eur Urol 28: 304–309

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  230. Moriyama M et al. (1991) Studies on therapeutic effects and adverse effects of Chlormadinone acetate for patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy. Nishinihon J Urol 53:563–571

    Google Scholar 

  231. Nickel CJ, Fradet Y, Boake R et al. and the PROSPECT Study Group (1997) Efficacy and safety of finasteride therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a 2-year randomized controlled trial (the PROSPECT Study). Can Med Assoc J 155(9) 1251–1259

    Google Scholar 

  232. Peters CA, Walsh PC (1987) The effect of nafarelin acetate, a luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone agonist, on benign prostatic hyperplasia. NEJM 317: 599–604

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  233. Schroeder FH, Westerhof M, Bosch RJ, Kurth KH (1986) Benign prostatic hyperpasia treated by castration or the LH-RH analogue buserelin: a report on 6 cases. Eur Urol 12: 318–321

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  234. Schweikert HU, Tunn UW (1987) Effects of the aromatase inhibitor testolactone on human benign prostatic hyperplasia. Steroids 50:191–200

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  235. Schweikert HU, Tunn UW, Habenicht UF et al. (1993) Effects of estrogen deprivation on human benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Steroid Biochem Molec Biol 44: 573–576

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  236. Scott WW, Wade JC (1969) Medical treatment of benign nodular prostatic hyperplasia with cyproterone acetate. J Urol 101:81–85

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  237. Stone NN, Krongrad A, Chodak GW et al. (1989) A double blind randomized controlled study of the effect of flutamide in benign prostatic hypertrophy: clinical efficacy. Urol Res 17: 338

    Google Scholar 

  238. Stoner E (1994) Maintenance of clinical efficacy with finasteride therapy for 24 months in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The Finasteride Study Group. Arch Int Med 154: 83–88

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  239. Stoner E (1994) Three-year safety and efficacy data on the use of finasteride in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urology 43: 284–294

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  240. Tammela, TL, Kontturi MJ (1993) Urodynamic effects of finasteride in the treatment of bladder outlet obstruction due to benign hyperplasia. J Urol 149: 342–344

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  241. Tunn S, Haumann R, Hey J, Flüchter SH, Krieg M (1990) Effect of aging on kinetic parameters of 3a(b)-hydrox-ysteroid exidoreductases in epithelium and stroma of human normal and hyperplastic prostate. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 71: 732

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  242. Tunn UW, Schweikert HU (1989) Aromatase inhibitors in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. New Developm Biosc 5:139–149

    Google Scholar 

  243. Tunn UW, Schüring B, Senge T, Neumann F, Schweikert U, Rohr HP (1980) Morphometric analysis of prostates in castrated dogs after treatment with androstanediol, estradiol and cyproterone acetate. Invest Urol 18: 289–292

    Google Scholar 

  244. Tunn UW, Senge T, Neumann F, Schweikert HU (1981) Der Einfluß von Cyproteronacetat auf die mit Steroidhormonen induzierte experimentelle Prostatahyperplasie des Hundes und die menschliche BPH. In: Altwein JE, Bartsch G, Jacobi GH (Hrsg) Antihormone. Zuckschwerdt, München 41–50

    Google Scholar 

  245. Walsh PC, Hutchins GH, Ewing LL (1983)Tissue content of dihydrotestosterone in human prostatic hyperplasia is not supranormal. J Clin Invest 72:1772–1777

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  246. Weisser H, Tunn S, Debus M, Krieg M (1994) 5a-reductase Inhibition by finasteride (Proscar) in epithelium and stroma of human benign prostatic hyperplasia. Steroids 59: 616–620

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  247. Wendel EF, Brannen GE, Putong PB, Grayhack JT (1972) The effect of orchiectomy and estrogens in benign prostatic hyperplasia. J Urol 108:116–119

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  248. White JW (1895) The results of double castration in hypertrophy of the prostate. Ann Surg 25: 1–59

    Google Scholar 

  249. Wilkin RP, Bruchovsky N, Rennie PS, Comeau T (1979) Stromal localization of testosterone 5areductase in normal, hyperplastic and carcinomatous prostates. Proc Am Assoc Cancer 20:419

    Google Scholar 

  250. Wilton L, Pearce G, Edet E, Freemantie S, Stephens MDB, Mann RD (1996) The safety of finasteride used in benign prostatic hypertrophy: a non-interventional observational cohort study in 14.772 patients. Br J Urol 78: 379–384

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bach, D., Höfner, K., Jonas, U., Stief, C., Tunn, U.W. (2000). Pharmakologische Therapie. In: Höfner, K., Jonas, U., Stief, C.G. (eds) Benigne Prostatahyperplasie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59580-6_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59580-6_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64034-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59580-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics