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Wachstum

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Klinische Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel

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Zusammenfassung

Wachstumshormon (Syn. Somatotropin, somatotropes Hormon = STH, growth hormone = GH) ist ein einkettiges Peptidhormon aufgebaut aus 191 Aminosäuren (AS) ohne Zuckerreste, welches über 2 Disulfidbrücken in seine Tertiärstruktur gefaltet ist. Diese besteht aus 4 α-Helices, die antiparallel angeordnet sind. Wachstumshormon ist das Produkt des GH-1(GH-N)-Gens, welches zusammen mit Genen für humanes Chorionsomatomammotropin (hCS) und dem nur in der Plazenta exprimierten GH-2(GH-V)-Gen auf dem langen Arm des Chromosoms 17 lokalisiert ist. Neben GH mit einem Molekulargwicht von 22 kD (ca. 90%) entsteht durch alternatives Splicing eine Pro tein variante (20 kD, ca. 10%), dem die AS 32-46 der 22-kD-Form fehlen. Darüber hinaus existieren im Blut in geringeren Konzentrationen, jedoch individuell variierend, weitere GH-Varianten und Oligomere (z. B. „big“ GH) mit unterschiedlicher biologischer Aktivität. Die Expression des GH-1-Gens ist fast ausschließlich auf die somatotropen Zellen der Adenohypophyse beschränkt, welche ca. 90% ihrer Zellmasse ausmachen.

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Authors
  1. G. Binder
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  2. T. Haak
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  3. M. B. Ranke
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  4. K. H. Usadel
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Medizinische Klinik IV, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, 72076, Tübingen, Deutschland

    Peter P. Nawroth

  2. Abteilung Innere Medizin I, Medizinische Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik Heidelberg, Bergheimer Straße 58, 69115, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    Reinhard Ziegler

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Binder, G., Haak, T., Ranke, M.B., Usadel, K.H. (2001). Wachstum. In: Nawroth, P.P., Ziegler, R. (eds) Klinische Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56784-1_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56784-1_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-62970-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-56784-1

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