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Incidents Caused by Physical Trauma

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Medical Response to Major Incidents and Disasters

Abstract

One of the problems in major incidents according to the definition of the term is that there in most cases not will be enough specialists available to take care of all injuries that in today’s health care normally are treated by specialists. This means that all staff involved in major incident response will have to, at least primarily, take care of injuries outside their own specialty. Knowledge of the principles for primary management and triage of the most commonly occurring injuries during major incidents is, therefore, a part of the training in major incident response for all medical staff; the importance of this is increasing with the rapidly progressing subspecialization within all fields of medicine.

Another problem during major incidents is that there may be no or limited access to all the advanced technology we are used to in today’s routine health care. This means that we have to use simplified methods for diagnosis and treatment, and staff involved in the response must have knowledge about these methods and how to use them.

Decision making is a keystone of major incident response, not only on the level of coordination and command, but also in individual patient management: What do I do with this patient in this specific situation? How do I do it? With which priority do I do it?

This chapter deals with:

  • The effects of different kinds of physical trauma and how to adjust the treatment to the mechanisms of injury

  • The primary management and triage of injured patients both in the prehospital and the hospital situations

  • Indications and priorities for surgery

  • The principles for surgical treatment of the most common injuries in situations with limited resources.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    In major incidents levels 2 and 3, some of these patients can be considered as “expectant” (see below).

Further Reading The recommended literature for further reading is in this chapter divided in: Overview literature Updated/relevant literature within the different ­sub-topics

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  1. University of Linköping, Ängslyckestigen 4, 614 32, Söderköping, Sweden

    Sten Lennquist

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    Sten Lennquist

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Lennquist, S. (2012). Incidents Caused by Physical Trauma. In: Lennquist, S. (eds) Medical Response to Major Incidents and Disasters. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21895-8_7

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