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Zusammenfassung

Ketamin nimmt unter den klinisch verwendeten Anästhetika einen besonderen Platz ein: Es wirkt bereits in geringer Menge antihyperalgetisch oder »Opioidtoleranzphänomene reduzierend« und mit zunehmender Dosis analgetisch. Ketamin induziert in anästhetischer Dosierung einen Zustand »dissoziativer« Anästhesie, in dem der Patient in Narkose »von der Umwelt abgetrennt« oberflächlich schläft. Psychomimetische Nebenwirkungen treten ab einem analgetischen Dosierungsbereich auf, wobei ihre Inzidenz mit steigender Dosierung zunimmt. Ketamin führt zu einer Steigerung von Herzfrequenz und Blutdruck, vorausgesetzt, es bestehen keine Einschränkung der sympathischen Reserve und kein Volumenmangel. Laryngopharyngeale Schutzreflexe bleiben nach Ketamingabe weitgehend erhalten.

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Himmelseher, S., Wilhelm, W. (2012). Ketamin. In: Rossaint, R., Werner, C., Zwißler, B. (eds) Die Anästhesiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21125-6_17

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21125-6_17

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