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Pulmonale Hypertonie

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Klinische Kardiologie

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Zusammenfassung

Die pulmonale Hypertonie ist durch hämodynamische Veränderungen (Druck- bzw. Widerstandserhöhung) in der pulmonalen Strombahn gekennzeichnet, welche durch verschiedene Auslöser bedingt sein können. Folge ist eine erhöhte rechtsventrikuläre Nachlast und somit eine chronische Belastung des rechten Herzens. Im Gegensatz zum systemischen Kreislauf besitzt die pulmonale Zirkulation als so genanntes Niederdrucksystem aufgrund ihrer hohen Kapazität und großen Dehnbarkeit sowie des geringen Anteils an glatter Muskulatur in kleinen Arterien und Arteriolen primär keine hypertensive Prädisposition. Verringert sich jedoch der Gefäßquerschnitt durch Destruktion, Obliteration oder okklusive Läsionen in den Widerstandsgefäßen, so kommt es zu einem Anstieg des pulmonal vaskulären Widerstands und des pulmonal arteriellen Drucks. Klinische Manifestationen, natürlicher Verlauf und Reversibilität der pulmonalen Hypertonie hängen maßgeblich von der Art der pulmonalen Läsion und der Ätiologie und Schwere der hämodynamischen Veränderungen ab.

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    Priv.-Doz. Dr. S. Rosenkranz

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    Erland Erdmann

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Rosenkranz, S. (2011). Pulmonale Hypertonie. In: Erdmann, E. (eds) Klinische Kardiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16481-1_11

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