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Techniken

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PNF in der Praxis

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Zusammenfassung

Ziel der PNF-Techniken ist, die funktionelle Bewegung durch Fazilitation, Inhibition, Kräftigung und Entspannung von Muskelgruppen zu fördern. Hierzu werden konzentrische, exzentrische und statische Muskelkontraktionen eingesetzt. Sie werden mit einem sorgfältig abgestimmten Widerstand und geeigneten fazilitierenden Maßnahmen kombiniert. Die Techniken werden dabei individuell auf die Bedürfnisse des einzelnen Patienten abgestimmt. Dies kann anhand folgender Beispiele erläutert werden:

Beispiel

  • Erweiterung und Verbesserung des Bewegungsausmaßes und Stärkung der Muskelkraft in einem neu erworbenen Bewegungsbereich Der Einsatz von Entspannungstechniken (Relaxationstechniken), z. B. Spannen — Entspannen («Contract Relax»), dient der Erweiterung des Bewegungsausmaßes. Werden direkt daran anschließend fazilitierende Techniken wie Dynamische Umkehr («Dynamic Reversal/Slow Reversal») oder Kombination isotonischer Bewegungen («Combination of Isotonics») eingesetzt, erreicht man eine Stärkung der Muskelkraft und eine Verbesserung der Bewegungskontrolle in dem neu erworbenen Bewegungsausmaß.

  • Die Ermüdung der Muskulatur während der Muskelkräftigungsübungen vermindern. Nach dem Einsatz von Techniken, die die Muskelkraft verstärken, wie Wiederholter Stretch (»Repeated Stretch«), sollte sofort die Technik Dynamische Umkehr (»Dynamic Reversal/Slow Reversal «) eingesetzt werden, um eine Ermüdung der beanspruchten Muskulatur zu mindern. Der wiederholte Stretchreflex verhindert eine vorzeitige Ermüdung der Muskulatur, so dass diese länger arbeiten kann. Die alternierenden Kontraktionen der antagonistischen Muskeln verringern ebenfalls Ermüdungserscheinungen, die durch wiederholtes Üben ein und derselben Muskelgruppe hervorgerufen werden.

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Authors
  1. Math Buck
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  2. Dominiek Beckers
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  3. Susan S. Adler
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© 2010 Springer Medizin Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Buck, M., Beckers, D., Adler, S.S. (2010). Techniken. In: PNF in der Praxis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12976-6_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12976-6_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-12975-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-12976-6

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

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