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Sepsis and Septic Shock

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Emergency Department Critical Care

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Abstract

Sepsis and septic shock are common diagnoses made in emergency departments (ED) across the globe daily. The typical presentation of sepsis and related shock is a result of systemic vasodilation and volume depletion. In response to the pro-inflammatory state, the systemic vascular resistance (SVR) decreases, resulting in low central venous pressure (CVP) and subsequent increased cardiac output (CO). The hemodynamic changes mentioned in combination with a poorly regulated inflammatory response lead to impaired oxygen delivery and organ injury and failure. To reduce consequence of this disease, early diagnosis and intervention is key. Early suspicion of sepsis may be assisted by use of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) criteria in the setting of infection. Identification of organ dysfunction and assessment of hemodynamic status are imperative in appropriately diagnosing and managing sepsis and septic shock. Protocol-driven care is ideal for treatment, so that appropriate therapies, including antibiotics, are being delivered in a timely manner.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Emergency Medicine and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

    Gina Hurst, Jayna Gardner-Gray & Jacqueline Pflaum-Carlson

  2. Department of Anesthesiology, University of Iowa Hospital, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Brad A. Johnson

  3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaiser Moanalua Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, USA

    Lauren N. Rodriguez

  4. Department of Emergency Medicine and Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA

    Emanuel P. Rivers

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  3. Jacqueline Pflaum-Carlson
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  4. Brad A. Johnson
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  5. Lauren N. Rodriguez
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  6. Emanuel P. Rivers
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Correspondence to Gina Hurst .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medicine, University of Florida Health Science Center, Jacksonville, FL, USA

    Joseph R. Shiber

  2. Resuscitation & Emergency Critical Care, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

    Scott D. Weingart

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Hurst, G., Gardner-Gray, J., Pflaum-Carlson, J., Johnson, B.A., Rodriguez, L.N., Rivers, E.P. (2020). Sepsis and Septic Shock. In: Shiber, J., Weingart, S. (eds) Emergency Department Critical Care. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28794-8_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28794-8_19

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