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Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie 6/2016

01.08.2016 | Beiträge zum Themenschwerpunkt

Rückgang der Nierenfunktion im Alter

Teil des physiologischen Alterns vs. Alterskrankheit

verfasst von: F. Braun, P. T. Brinkkötter

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie | Ausgabe 6/2016

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Zusammenfassung

Inzidenz und Prävalenz der chronischen Niereninsuffizienz („chronic kidney disease“, CKD) nehmen bei älteren Menschen weltweit zu. Dabei ist die Abnahme der Nierenfunktion im Alter einerseits Teil des physiologischen Altersprozesses, aber andererseits auch Ausdruck der Multimorbidität vieler älterer Menschen. Die Berechnung der glomerulären Filtrationsrate (GFR) anhand spezifischer, in der älteren Bevölkerung validierter mathematischer Algorithmen und der Nachweis einer gesteigerten Proteinausscheidung über den Urin erlauben auch bei geriatrischen Patienten die gezielte Abschätzung der Nierenfunktion. Die reduzierte Nierenfunktion hat vielfältige klinische Konsequenzen, einschließlich einer verzögerten Ausscheidung harnpflichtiger Substanzen, einer reduzierten Blutbildung, Störungen im Elektrolyt- und Säure-Base-Haushalt oder Knochenstoffwechsel. Darüber hinaus fördert eine reduzierte Nierenfunktion auf vielfältige Art und Weise direkt das Auftreten geriatrischer Syndrome, insbesondere des „Frailty“-Syndroms. Therapeutische Strategien, ein kontinuierliches Fortschreiten einer Niereninsuffizienz zu verhindern, umfassen neben der Therapie der Grunderkrankungen v. a. die konsequente Blutdruck- und Diabeteseinstellung sowie das Vermeiden potenziell nephrotoxischer Medikamente.
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Metadaten
Titel
Rückgang der Nierenfunktion im Alter
Teil des physiologischen Alterns vs. Alterskrankheit
verfasst von
F. Braun
P. T. Brinkkötter
Publikationsdatum
01.08.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie / Ausgabe 6/2016
Print ISSN: 0948-6704
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1269
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-016-1109-y

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