Kann Psychotherapie die Lebensqualität von Betroffenen mit Essstörungen verbessern?

 

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Zusammenfassung

Die Lebensqualität von Menschen mit psychischen Störungen ist in der Regel stark reduziert und sollte während der Behandlung mit berücksichtigt werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag bietet eine Übersicht über Studien zur Effektivität von psychotherapeutischen Interventionen zur Verbesserung der Lebensqualität von Betroffenen mit Essstörungen. Eine umfassende elektronische Literaturrecherche ergab 10 Studien, die den Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien unserer Arbeit entsprachen und integriert wurden, 3 davon waren randomisierte Kontrollstudien. Die Art der Interventionen sowie die Messinstrumente zur Erfassung der Lebensqualität unterschieden sich stark zwischen den Studien. Insgesamt zeigte sich eine signifikante Verbesserung der Lebensqualität durch psychotherapeutische Behandlung. Jedoch besteht weiterhin die Frage, welche Faktoren in der Psychotherapie zur Verbesserung der Lebensqualität beitragen. Die Durchführung weiterer randomisierter Kontrollstudien mit standardisierten methodischen Messverfahren wird empfohlen, auch um den Langzeiteffekt von Psychotherapie auf die Lebensqualität bei Essstörungen zu untersuchen.

Abstract

Quality of life in people with mental disorders is often reduced and should be considered during therapy. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review about the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions on quality of life (QOL) in patients with eating disorders. Therefore, an electronic databases search was performed. From the results, 10 studies were included, of which 3 were randomized controlled trials. All studies varied in the interventions and outcome measures used. The results showed a significant increase of QOL through treatment. Yet, it remains unclear which factors of psychotherapy are able to increase QOL. It is recommended to conduct more randomized controlled trials using standardized outcome measures to assess long-term effects of psychotherapeutic interventions on QOL in eating disorders.

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