Skip to main content

2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

3. Pathogenität und Virulenz

verfasst von : Jürgen Heesemann

Erschienen in: Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Infektiologie

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Zusammenfassung

Bakterien können für den Menschen krankmachende (pathogene Bakterien, Infektionserreger) oder schützende Eigenschaften (apathogene und fakultativ pathogene Bakterien der Mikrobiota) haben. Der klinische Verlauf einer bakteriellen Infektionskrankheit wird von den Pathogenitätsfaktoren des Erregers und dem Infektionsabwehrpotenzial des Wirtes entscheidend beeinflusst. In diesem Kapitel werden die evolutionären und pathogenetischen Aspekte bakterieller Erreger im Kontext der Wirtsabwehrmechanismen dargestellt. Die diskutierten Konzepte und mechanistischen Prinzipien der Erregerpathogenität sollen dazu beitragen, die infektionsmedizinischen Strategien in der Diagnostik, Therapie und Prävention von Infektionskrankheiten besser zu verstehen bzw. dem neuesten Wissensstand anzupassen.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Ahmed N, Dobrindt U, Hacker J, Hasnain SE (2008) Genomic fluidity ande pathogenic bacteria: applications in diagnostics, epidemiology and intervention. Nat Rev Microbiol 6:387–394CrossRef Ahmed N, Dobrindt U, Hacker J, Hasnain SE (2008) Genomic fluidity ande pathogenic bacteria: applications in diagnostics, epidemiology and intervention. Nat Rev Microbiol 6:387–394CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Aktories K (2011) Bacterial protein toxins that modify host regulatory GTPases. Nat Rev Microbiol 9:487–498CrossRef Aktories K (2011) Bacterial protein toxins that modify host regulatory GTPases. Nat Rev Microbiol 9:487–498CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Albert-Weissenberger C, Cazalet C, Buchrieser C (2007) Legionella pneumophila – a human pathogen that co-evolved with fresh water protozoa. Cell Mol Life Sci 64:432–448CrossRef Albert-Weissenberger C, Cazalet C, Buchrieser C (2007) Legionella pneumophila – a human pathogen that co-evolved with fresh water protozoa. Cell Mol Life Sci 64:432–448CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bhakdi S, Tranum-Jensen J (1991) Alphatoxin of Staphylococcus aureus. Microbiol Rev 55:733–751CrossRef Bhakdi S, Tranum-Jensen J (1991) Alphatoxin of Staphylococcus aureus. Microbiol Rev 55:733–751CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Buffie CG, Pamer EG (2013) Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance against intestinal pathogens. Nat Rev Immunol 13:790–800CrossRef Buffie CG, Pamer EG (2013) Microbiota-mediated colonization resistance against intestinal pathogens. Nat Rev Immunol 13:790–800CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Eisenreich W, Rudel T, Heesemann J, Goebel W (2017) To eat and to be eaten: mutual metabolic adaptations of immune cells and intracellular bacterial pathogens upon infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 7:316CrossRef Eisenreich W, Rudel T, Heesemann J, Goebel W (2017) To eat and to be eaten: mutual metabolic adaptations of immune cells and intracellular bacterial pathogens upon infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 7:316CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Eisenreich W, Rudel T, Heesemann J, Goebel W (2019) How viral and intracellular bacterial pathogens reprogram the metabolism of host cells to allow their intracellular replication. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 9:42CrossRef Eisenreich W, Rudel T, Heesemann J, Goebel W (2019) How viral and intracellular bacterial pathogens reprogram the metabolism of host cells to allow their intracellular replication. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 9:42CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Falkow S (2004) Molecular Koch’s postulates applied to bacterial pathgenicity – a personal recollection 15 years later. Nat Rev Microbiol 2:67–72CrossRef Falkow S (2004) Molecular Koch’s postulates applied to bacterial pathgenicity – a personal recollection 15 years later. Nat Rev Microbiol 2:67–72CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Healy AR, Herzon SB (2017) Molecular basis of gut microbiome-associated colorectal cancer: a synthetic perspective. J Am Chem Soc 139:14817–14824CrossRef Healy AR, Herzon SB (2017) Molecular basis of gut microbiome-associated colorectal cancer: a synthetic perspective. J Am Chem Soc 139:14817–14824CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Heesemann J, Sing A, Trülzsch K (2006) Yersinia’s stratagem: targeting innate and adaptive immune defense. Curr Opin Microbiol 9:55–61CrossRef Heesemann J, Sing A, Trülzsch K (2006) Yersinia’s stratagem: targeting innate and adaptive immune defense. Curr Opin Microbiol 9:55–61CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kawai T, Akira S (2011) Toll-like receptors and their crosstalk with other innate receptors in infection and immunity. Immunity 34:637–650CrossRef Kawai T, Akira S (2011) Toll-like receptors and their crosstalk with other innate receptors in infection and immunity. Immunity 34:637–650CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kibe S, Adams K, Barlow G (2011) Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of sepsis in critical care. J Antimicrobiol Chemother 66(Suppl 2):ii33–ii40 Kibe S, Adams K, Barlow G (2011) Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of sepsis in critical care. J Antimicrobiol Chemother 66(Suppl 2):ii33–ii40
Zurück zum Zitat Koh E-I, Henderson JP (2015) Microbial copper-binding siderophores at the host-pathogen interface. J Biol Chem 290:18967–18974CrossRef Koh E-I, Henderson JP (2015) Microbial copper-binding siderophores at the host-pathogen interface. J Biol Chem 290:18967–18974CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Koh E-I, Robinson AE, Bandara N, Rogers BE, Henderson JP (2017) Copper import in Escherichia coli by the yersiniabactin metallophore system. Nat Chem Biol 13:1016–1023CrossRef Koh E-I, Robinson AE, Bandara N, Rogers BE, Henderson JP (2017) Copper import in Escherichia coli by the yersiniabactin metallophore system. Nat Chem Biol 13:1016–1023CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Korea C-G, Ghigo J-M, Beloin C (2011) The sweet connection: solving the riddle of multiple sugar-binding fimbrial adhesins in Escherichia coli. Bioessays 33:300–311CrossRef Korea C-G, Ghigo J-M, Beloin C (2011) The sweet connection: solving the riddle of multiple sugar-binding fimbrial adhesins in Escherichia coli. Bioessays 33:300–311CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lamkanfi M, Dixit VM (2010) Manipulation of host cell death pathways during microbial infections. Cell Host Microbe 8:44–54CrossRef Lamkanfi M, Dixit VM (2010) Manipulation of host cell death pathways during microbial infections. Cell Host Microbe 8:44–54CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Martin P, Tronnet S, Garcie C, Oswald E (2017) Interplay between siderophores and colibactin genotoxin in Escherichia coli. IUBMB 69:435–441CrossRef Martin P, Tronnet S, Garcie C, Oswald E (2017) Interplay between siderophores and colibactin genotoxin in Escherichia coli. IUBMB 69:435–441CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Medini D, Serruto D, Parkhill J, Relman DA, Donati C, Moxon R, Falkow S, Rappuoli R (2008) Microbiology in the post-genomic era. Nat Rev Microbiol 6:419–430CrossRef Medini D, Serruto D, Parkhill J, Relman DA, Donati C, Moxon R, Falkow S, Rappuoli R (2008) Microbiology in the post-genomic era. Nat Rev Microbiol 6:419–430CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Montoy M, Gouanux E (2003) β-Barrel membrane protein folding and structure viewed through the lens of α-hemolysin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1609:19–27CrossRef Montoy M, Gouanux E (2003) β-Barrel membrane protein folding and structure viewed through the lens of α-hemolysin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1609:19–27CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Nathan C (2006) Neutrophils and immunity: challenges and opportunities. Nat Rev Immunol 6:173–182CrossRef Nathan C (2006) Neutrophils and immunity: challenges and opportunities. Nat Rev Immunol 6:173–182CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rathinam VAK, Zhao Y, Shao F (2019) Innate immunity to intracellular LPS. Nat Immunol 20:527–533CrossRef Rathinam VAK, Zhao Y, Shao F (2019) Innate immunity to intracellular LPS. Nat Immunol 20:527–533CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Reinhart K, Hartog CS (2010) Biomarkers as a guide for antimicrobial therapy. Int J Antimicrob Agents 36S:S17–S21CrossRef Reinhart K, Hartog CS (2010) Biomarkers as a guide for antimicrobial therapy. Int J Antimicrob Agents 36S:S17–S21CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Shanahan F, Quigley EMM (2014) Manipulation of the microbiota for treatment of IBS and IBS – challenges and controversies. Gastroenterology 146:1554–1563CrossRef Shanahan F, Quigley EMM (2014) Manipulation of the microbiota for treatment of IBS and IBS – challenges and controversies. Gastroenterology 146:1554–1563CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Shi J, Gao W, Shao F (2017) Pyroptosis: gasdermin-mediated programmed necrotic cell death, Trends in Biochem. Sciences 42:245–254 Shi J, Gao W, Shao F (2017) Pyroptosis: gasdermin-mediated programmed necrotic cell death, Trends in Biochem. Sciences 42:245–254
Zurück zum Zitat Stecher B, Maier L, Hardt WD (2013) ‚Blooming‘ in the gut: how dysbiosis might contribute to pathogen evolution. Nat Rev Microbiol 11:277–284CrossRef Stecher B, Maier L, Hardt WD (2013) ‚Blooming‘ in the gut: how dysbiosis might contribute to pathogen evolution. Nat Rev Microbiol 11:277–284CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Xue M et al (2019) Structure elucidation of colibactin and its DNA cross-links. Science 365:eaax2685 Xue M et al (2019) Structure elucidation of colibactin and its DNA cross-links. Science 365:eaax2685
Metadaten
Titel
Pathogenität und Virulenz
verfasst von
Jürgen Heesemann
Copyright-Jahr
2020
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61385-6_3