Die moderne Impulsoszillometrie im Spektrum lungenfunktioneller Messmethoden[*]

 

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Zusammenfassung

Die Impulsoszillometrie (IOS) ist eine computergestützte Methode zur Messung komplexer mechanischer Eigenschaften der Atemwege. Eine obstruktive Atemwegserkrankung kann durch die IOS insgesamt sicher diagnostiziert werden, sofern bei schwerer Obstruktion komplexe IOS-Parameter wie Frequenzabhängigkeit der Resistance (FDR) und niederfrequente Reactance (X5) mit einbezogen werden. Die Parameter der Standardverfahren Pneumotachografie, Spirometrie und Bodyplethysmografie zeigen aufgrund unterschiedlicher Messprinzipien relativ geringe statistische Korrelationen zur IOS wie auch bekanntermaßen untereinander, begründet in unterschiedlichen Messprinzipien. Die IOS ist eine patientenschonende und wenig kooperationsabhängige Methode zur Evaluierung obstruktiver Atemwegserkrankungen, die bisherige Standardmethoden sinnvoll ergänzen, jedoch nicht ersetzen kann und die sich darüber hinaus als sensitives Screeninginstrument zur frühzeitigen Erkennung einer Bronchialobstruktion nicht nur in der Pädiatrie und der Arbeitsmedizin eignet.

Abstract

Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a computer supported method for the measurement of complex mechanical airway characteristics. Bronchial obstructions can reliably be diagnosed by IOS when more complex parameters such as frequency dependence of resistance (FDR) and lung reactance (X5) are evaluated in cases with more severe obstruction. Parameters of conventional methods like pneumotachography, spirometry, and bodyplethysmography show relatively low correlations due to the different measurement principles, not only in comparison to IOS, but also in between one another. The IOS is a convenient method for patients with a low dependency on cooperation for the evaluation of obstructive airway diseases complementary to the established standard methods. Furthermore, IOS may provide a sensitive screening tool for the early detection of bronchial obstructions not only in paediatrics but also in occupational medicine.

1 Unserem verehrten klinischen Lehrer Professor Dr. Joachim Schauer zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.

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1 Unserem verehrten klinischen Lehrer Professor Dr. Joachim Schauer zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.

Dr. med. Jörg Winkler

Praxis für Pneumologie/Allergologie

Kreuzstraße 2a
04103 Leipzig

Email: Lungewinkler@aol.com