Skip to main content
Search
Search
    Quick Search anywhere
    Quick search in Citations
Advanced Search
Skip main navigationClose Drawer MenuOpen Drawer Menu
Previous article
Next article
Originalia

Stand der Forschung zum Zusammenhang von Gesundheit und Bildung

Überblick und Implikationen für die schulische Gesundheitsförderung

Published Online:July 19, 2012https://doi.org/10.1026/0943-8149/a000072

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Die Diskussion um den Zusammenhang von Gesundheit und Bildung konzentriert sich in Deutschland bislang vor allem auf die Frage, welchen Einfluss Bildung auf Gesundheit hat. Für die Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention, insbesondere in Bildungs- und Erziehungssettings, ist jedoch ebenfalls von Bedeutung, ob ein und welcher Einfluss von Gesundheit auf Bildung ausgeht. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrages ist es daher, einen Überblick über die internationale Befundlage zum Einfluss von Gesundheit auf Bildung zu geben. Entsprechend des nationalen Gesundheitsziels „gesund aufwachsen” werden dabei die Themenbereiche Ernährung, Bewegung und psychische Gesundheit fokussiert. Über eine systematische Datenbankrecherche ließen sich insgesamt 39 Längsschnittstudien identifizieren. Die Befundlage weist darauf hin, dass Übergewicht, Adipositas, mangelnde körperliche Aktivität und psychische Probleme einen negativen Einfluss auf die Schulleistung (Schulnoten), die Schulanwesenheit, den Schulabschluss sowie auch die Aufnahme und den Abschluss eines Studiums haben können. Dabei ließen sich eine Reihe von bedeutsamen Drittvariablen identifizieren (z.B. Sozialstatus, Ausmaß an Stigmatisierung). Die Ergebnisse liefern Hinweise für eine empirische Bestätigung der Annahmen des Ansatzes der guten gesunden Schule und geben überdies Anregungen für die Implementation und Evaluation von Maßnahmen der schulischen Gesundheitsförderung.


State of research on the relationship between health and education: An empirical overview and implications for school health promotion

Abstract. In Germany the debate about the relationship between health and education has focused mainly on the question of how education affects health. However, for health promotion and prevention, particularly in educational settings, it is also relevant if and how health has an influence on education. Hence, the present paper provides an overview of international research results concerning the impact of health on education. According to the national health target ”growing up healthy” the focus lies on nutrition, physical activity, and mental health. A systematic database search yielded a total of 39 longitudinal studies. Findings indicate that overweight, obesity, reduced physical activity, and mental health problems can have a negative impact on school performance (school grades), school attendance, and school completion as well as on entering/graduating from higher education. Furthermore, a number of third variables were identified (e.g., social status, degree of stigmatization). The results confirm the good and healthy school approach and provide advice for the implementation and evaluation of activities of school health promotion.

Literatur

  • Ansary, N. S. , Luthar, S. S. (2009). Distress and academic achievement among adolescents of affluence: A study of externalizing internalizing problem behaviors and school performance. Development and Psychopathology, 21, 319–341. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Ameringen, M. van , Mancini, C. , Farvolden, P. (2003). The impact of anxiety disorders on educational achievement. Anxiety Disorder, 17, 561–571. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Arseneault, L. , Walsh, E. , Trzesniewski, K. , Newcombe, R. , Caspi, A. , Moffitt, T. E. (2006). Bullying victimization uniquely contributes to adjustment problems in young children: A nationally representative cohort study. Pediatrics, 118, 130–138. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Barbaresi, W. J. , Katusic, S. K. , Colligan, R. C. , Weaver, A. L. & Jacobsen, J. (2007). Long-term school outcomes for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A population-based perspective. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 28, 265–273. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Basch, C. E. (2011a). Healthier students are better learners: A missing link in school reforms to close the achievement gap. Journal of School Health, 81, 593–598. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Basch, C. E. (2011b). Healthier students are better learners: High-quality, strategically planned, and effectively coordinated school health programs must be a fundamental mission of schools to help close the achievement gap. Journal of School Health, 81, 650–662. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Biederman, J. , Petty, C. R. , Ball, S. W. , Fried, R. , Doyle, A. E. , Cohen, D. et al. (2009). Are cognitive deficits in ADHD related to the course of the disorder? A prospective controlled follow-up study of grown up boys with persistent and remitting course. Psychiatry Research, 170, 177–182. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Bös, K. , Worth, A. , Opper, E. , Oberger, J. & Woll, A. (2009). Motorik-Modul: Eine Studie zur motorischen Leistungsfähigkeit und körperlich sportlichen Aktivität von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland (Forschungsreihe des Bundesministeriums für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend, Band 5). Baden Baden: Nomos. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Breslau, J. , Miller, E. , Breslau, N. , Bohnert, K. , Lucia, V. , Schweitzer, J. (2009). The impact of early behavior disturbances on academic achievement in high school. Pediatrics, 123, 1472–1476. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Buijs, G. , Jociuté, A. , Paulus, P. , Simovska, V. (Eds.). (2009). Better schools through health: Learning from practice. Case studies of practice presented during the third European Conference on Health Promoting Schools, held in Vilnius, Lithuania, 15–17 June 2009. Vilnius: LI „KRIVENTA”. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Bundesministerium für Gesundheit (2010). Nationales Gesundheitsziel – Gesund aufwachsen: Lebenskompetenz, Bewegung, Ernährung. Berlin: Bundesministerium für Gesundheit. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Caird, J. , Kavanagh, J. , Oliver, K. , Oliver, S. , O’Mara, A. , Stansfield, C. et al. (2011). Childhood obesity and educational attainment: A systematic review. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Carlson, S. A. , Fulton, J. E. , Lee, S. M. , Maynard, M. , Brown, D. R. , Kohl, H. W. et al. (2008). Physical education and academic achievement in elementary school: Data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study. American Journal of Public Health, 98, 721–727. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Crosnoe, R. (2007). Gender, obesity, and education. Sociology of Education, 80, 241–260. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Crosnoe, R. , Muller, C. (2004). Body mass index, academic achievement, and school context: Examining the educational experiences of adolescents at risk of obesity. Journal Health and Social Behavior, 45, 393–407. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Currie, C. , Nic Gabhainn, S. , Godeau, E. , Roberts, C. , Smith, R. , Currie, D. et al. (Eds.). (2008). Inequalities in young people’s health: HBSC international report from the 2005/06 survey (Health policy for children and adolescents, No. 5). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Darling, N. , Caldwell, L. L. , Smith, R. (2005). Participation in school-based extracurricular activities and adolescent adjustment. Journal of Leisure Research, 37, 51–76. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Datar, A. , Sturm, R. (2006). Childhood overweight and elementary school outcomes. International Journal of Obesity, 30, 1449–1460. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Datar, A. , Sturm, R. , Magnabosco, J. L. (2004). Childhood overweight and academic performance: National study of Kindergartners and first-graders. Obesity Research, 12, 58–68. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Ditton, H. , Maaz, K. (2011). Sozioökonomischer Status und soziale Ungleichheit. In H. Reinders, H. Ditton, C. Gräsel, B. Gniewosz, (Hrsg.), Lehrbuch Empirische Bildungsforschung (S. 193–208). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Dollman, J. , Boshoff, K. , Dodd, G. (2006). The relationship between curriculum time for physical education and literacy and numeracy standards in South Australian primary schools. European Physical Education Review, 12, 151–163. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Duncan, G. J. , Claessens, A. , Huston, A. C. , Pagani, L. S. , Engel, M. , Sexton, H. et al. (2007). School readiness and later achievement. Developmental Psychology, 43, 1428–1446. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Egerter, S. , Braveman, P. , Sadegh-Nobari, T. , Grossman-Kahn, R. , Dekker, M. (2009). Education matters for health. Issue Brief 6, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Fergusson, D. M. , Horwood, L. J. , Ridder, E. M. (2005). Show me the child at seven: The consequences of conduct problems in childhood for psychosocial functioning in adulthood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 837–849. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Fergusson, D. M. , Woodward, L. J. (2002). Mental health, educational, and social role outcomes of adolescents with depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59, 225–231. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Fletcher, J. M. (2008). Adolescent depression: Diagnosis, treatment, and educational attainment. Health Economics, 17, 1215–1235. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Frazier, T. W. , Youngstrom, E. A. , Glutting, J. J. & Watkins, M. W. (2007). ADHD and achievement: Meta-analysis of the child, adolescent, and adult literatures and a concomitant study with college students. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 40, 49–65. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Fredricks, J. A. , Eccles, J. S. (2006). Is extracurricular participation associated with beneficial outcomes? Concurrent and longitudinal relations. Developmental Psychology, 42, 698–713. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Galéra, C. C. , Melchior, M. M. , Chastang, J. F. , Bouvard, M. P. , Fombonne, E. E. (2009). Childhood and adolescent hyperactivity-inattention symptoms and academic achievement 8 years later: The GAZEL Youth study. Psychological Medicine, 39, 1895–1906. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Griebler, R. , Dür, W. , Kremser, W. (2009). Schulqualität, Schulerfolg und Gesundheit. Ergebnisse aus der österreichischen „Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children” Studie. Österreichische Zeitschrift für Soziologie, 2, 79–88. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Grover, R. L. , Ginsburg, G. S. , Ialongo, N. (2007). Psychosocial outcomes of anxious first graders: A seven-year follow-up. Depression and Anxiety, 24, 410–420. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Henricsson, L. , Rydell, A.-M. (2006). Children with behaviour problems: The influence of social competence and social relations on problem stability, school achievement and peer acceptance across the first six years of school. Infant and Child Development, 15, 347–366. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Jaycox, L. H. , Stein, B. D. , Paddock, S. , Miles, J. N. V. , Chandra, A. , Meredith, L. S. et al. (2009). Impact of teen depression on academic, social, and physical functioning. Pediatrics, 124, e596–e605. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Jerusalem, M. , Klein-Heßling, J. , Mittag, W. (2003). Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Zeitschrift für Gesundheitswissenschaften, 11, 247–262. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Jonsson, U. , Bohman, H. , Knorring, L. von , Olsson, G. , Knorring, A.-L. von (2010). Subsequent higher education after adolescent depression: A 15-year follow-up register study. European Psychiatry, 25, 396–401. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Kaestner, R. , Grossman, M. (2009). Effects of weight on children’s educational achievement. Economics of Education Review, 28, 651–661. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Kaluza, G. , Lohaus, A. (2006). Psychologische Gesundheitsförderung im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Eine Sammlung empirisch evaluierter Interventionsprogramme. Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie, 14, 119–134. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Karnehed, N. , Rasmussen, F. , Hemmingsson, T. & Tynelius, P. (2006). Obesity and attained education: Cohort study of more than 700.000 Swedish men. Obesity, 14, 1421–1428. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Koivusilta, L. K. , Rimpelä, A. , Rimpelä, M. , Vikat, A. (2001). Health behavior-based selection into educational tracks starts in early adolescence. Health Education Research, 16, 201–214. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Koivusilta, L. , Rimpelä, A. , Vikat, A. (2003). Health behaviours and health in adolescence as predictors of educational level in adulthood: A follow-up study from Finland. Social Science & Medicine, 57, 577–593. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Kuntz, B. (2011). Bildung und Gesundheit. In T. Schott, C. Hornberg, (Hrsg.), Die Gesellschaft und ihre Gesundheit. 20 Jahre Public Health in Deutschland: Bilanz und Ausblick einer Wissenschaft (S. 311–327). Wiesbaden: VS Verlag. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Kurth, B.-M. , Schaffrath-Rosario, A. (2007). Die Verbreitung von Übergewicht und Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland. Ergebnisse des Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurveys (KiGGS). Bundesgesundheitsblatt – Gesundheitsforschung – Gesundheitsschutz, 50, 736–743. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Laitinen, J. , Power, C. , Ek, E. , Sovio, U. , Järvelin, M. R. (2002). Unemployment and obesity among young adults in a northern Finland 1966 birth cohort. International Journal of Obesity, 26, 1329–1338. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Lampert, T. , Ziese, T. (2005). Armut, soziale Ungleichheit und Gesundheit. Expertise des Robert Koch-Instituts zum 2. Armuts- und Reichtumsbericht der Bundesregierung. Berlin: Robert Koch-Institut. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Lampert, T. , Thamm, M. (2007). Tabak-, Alkohol- und Drogenkonsum von Jugendlichen in Deutschland. Ergebnisse des Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurveys (KiGGS). Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz, 50, 600–608. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Latimer, W. W. , August, G. J. , Newcomb, M. D. , Realmuto, G. M. , Hektner, J. M. , Mathy, R. M. (2003). Child and familial pathways to academic achievement and behavioral adjustment: A prospective six-year study of children with and without ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 7, 101–116. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • London, R. A. , Castrechini, S. (2011). A longitudinal examination of the link between youth physical fitness and academic achievement. Journal of School Health, 81, 400–408. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Ma, L. , Phelps, E. , Lerner, J. V. , Lerner, R. M. (2009). Academic competence for adolescents who bully and who are bullied. Findings from the 4-H study of positive youth development. Journal of Early Adolescence, 29, 862–897. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Massetti, G. M. , Lahey, B. B. , Pelham, W. E. , Loney, J. , Ehrhardt, A. , Lee, S. S. et al. (2008). Academic achievement over 8 years among children who met modified criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder at 4–6 years of age. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 36, 399–410. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Mazzone, L. , Ducci, F. , Scoto, M. C. , Passaniti, E. , D’Arrigo, V. G. , Vitiello, B. (2007). The role of anxiety symptoms in school performance in a community sample of children and adolescents. BMC Public Health, 7:347. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • McLeod, J. , Kaiser, K. (2004). Childhood emotional and behavioral problems and educational attainment. American Sociological Review, 69, 630–658. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Murray, N. G. , Low, B. J. , Hollis, C. , Cross, A. W. , Davis, S. M. (2007). Coordinates school health programs and academic achievement: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of School Health, 77, 589–600. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Nakamoto, J. , Schwartz, D. (2010). Is peer victimization associated with academic achievement? A meta-analytic review. Social Development, 19, 221–242. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Nelson, M. C. , Gordon-Larson, P. (2006). Physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns are associated with selected adolescent health risk behaviors. Pediatrics, 117, 1281–1290. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Paulus, P. (Hrsg.). (2010). Bildungsförderung durch Gesundheit. Bestandsaufnahme und Perspektiven für eine gute gesunde Schule. Weinheim: Juventa. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Polderman, T. C. , Boomsma, D. I. , Bartels, M. M. , Verhulst, F. C. & Huizink, A. C. (2010). A systematic review of prospective studies on attention problems and academic achievement. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 122, 271–284. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Ravens-Sieberer, U. , Wille, N. , Bettge, S. , Erhart, M. (2007). Psychische Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland. Ergebnisse aus der BELLA-Studie im Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurvey (KiGGS). Bundesgesundheitsblatt – Gesundheitsforschung – Gesundheitsschutz, 50, 871–878. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Robert Koch-Institut (2008). Lebensphasenspezifische Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland. Ergebnisse des Nationalen Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurveys (KiGGS). Berlin: Robert Koch-Institut. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Roeser, R. W. , Eccles, J. S. , Strobel, K. R. (1998). Linking the study of schooling and mental health: Selected issues and empirical illustrations at the level of the individual. Educational Psychologist, 33, 153–176. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Sabia, J. J. (2007). The effect of body weight on adolescent academic performance. Southern Economic Journal, 73, 871–900. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Schwarzer, G. , Timmer, A. , Galandi, D. , Antes, G. & Schumacher, M. (2009). Meta-Analyse randomisierter klinischer Studien, Publikationsbias und evidenzbasierte Medizin. In M. Schumacher, G. Schulgen, (Hrsg.), Methodik klinischer Studien. Methodische Grundlagen der Planung, Durchführung und Auswertung (S. 129–160). Heidelberg: Springer. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Shahar, G. , Henrich, C. C. , Winokur, A. , Blatt, S. J. , Kuperminc, G. P. , Leadbeater, B. J. (2006). Self-criticism and depressive symptomalogy interact to predict middle school academic achievement. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62, 147–155. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Sibley, B. A. , Etnier, J. L. (2003). The relationship between physical activity and cognition in children: A meta-analysis. Pediatric Exercise Science, 15, 243–256. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • St Leger, L. , Young, I. , Blanchard, C. & Perry, M. (2010). Promoting health in schools. From evidence to action. Zugriff am 17.05.2011. Verfügbar unter tiny.cc/nef14. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Stevens, T. A. , To, Y. , Stevenson, S. J. , Lochbaum, M. R. (2008). The importance of physical activity and physical education in the prediction of academic achievement. Journal of Sport Behavior, 31, 368–388. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Stringer, R. W. , Heath, N. (2006). Possible relationships between depressive symptoms and reading. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 21, 93–105. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Suhrcke, M. , de Paz Nieves, C. (2011). The impact of health and health behaviours on educational outcomes in high-income countries: A review of the evidence. Copenhagen: WHO. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Viner, R. M. , Cole, T. J. (2005). Adult socioeconomic, educational, social, and psychological outcomes of childhood obesity: A national birth cohort study. BMJ, 330:1354. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Woods, S. , Wolke, D. (2004). Direct relational bullying among primary school children and academic achievement. Journal of School Psychology, 42, 135–155. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Woodward, L. J. , Fergusson, D. M. (2001). Life course outcomes of young people with anxiety disorders in adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 1086–1093. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar