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Originalarbeit

Gesundheitsorientierte Führung in der Altenpflege

Bedeutung sozialer Belastungen und Ressourcen für die Gesundheit und das Commitment der Mitarbeiter

Published Online:October 14, 2016https://doi.org/10.1026/0932-4089/a000223

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Die Pflegebranche ist durch steigende Belastungen der Mitarbeiter und eine hohe Personalfluktuation gekennzeichnet. Bisherige Studien konnten bereits zeigen, dass Führungskräfte Einfluss auf die Gesundheit und das organisationale Commitment ihrer Mitarbeiter nehmen. Es blieb aber unklar, durch welche Wirkzusammenhänge sich dieser Einfluss beschreiben lässt, zumal weitere Studien die Bedeutung sozialer Belastungen und Ressourcen hervorheben. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden mittels Fragebogen Mitarbeiter der stationären Altenpflege (n = 861) zu ihrem Gesundheitszustand, ihrem organisationalen Commitment, ihren sozialen Belastungen und Ressourcen sowie der Gesundheitsorientierung ihrer Führungskräfte befragt. Die Ergebnisse bestätigten den Zusammenhang zwischen gesundheitsorientierter Führung und Gesundheit und Commitment der Mitarbeiter. Soziale Ressourcen und Belastungen am Arbeitsplatz mediieren diesen Zusammenhang dabei teilweise. Die Ergebnisse untermauern die Bedeutung einer gesundheitsorientierten Führung für die Gesundheit und das Commitment der Mitarbeiter. Die Förderung der sozialen Ressourcen und Reduzierung der Belastungen stellen für Führungskräfte zentrale Ansatzpunkte zur Förderung der Gesundheit und des Commitments ihrer Mitarbeiter dar.


Health-Oriented Leadership in the Geriatric Care Sector. The Role of Social Job Demands and Resources for Employees’ Health and Commitment

Abstract. The health-care sector is characterized by increasing demands and high turnover intentions. However, there is ample evidence that certain leadership styles have a positive influence on employees’ health and commitment. While there are findings highlighting the importance of social demands and resources at the workplace, the mechanisms by which leaders influence their employees’ health and commitment are not well understood. In the present questionnaire-based study the health status, organizational commitment, social demands, and resources as well as supervisors’ leadership style of 861 employees from geriatric nursing homes were measured. The results confirm the relationship between health-oriented leadership and employees’ health and commitment. The social demands and resources of the employees serve as semi-mediating factors.  The findings support the importance of health-oriented leadership for employees’ health and commitment. Additional knowledge about the effects of social demands and resources at the workplace can contribute toward useful recommendations for practice.

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