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The Culture of Time in Neuropsychological Assessment: Exploring the Effects of Culture-Specific Time Attitudes on Timed Test Performance in Russian and American Samples

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 May 2011

Anna V. Agranovich ,
A.T. Panter ,
Antonio E. Puente  and
Pegah Touradji
Anna V. Agranovich*
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
A.T. Panter
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Antonio E. Puente
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina
Pegah Touradji
Affiliation:
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Anna V. Agranovich, Division of Rehabilitation Psychology and Neuropsychology, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Phipps 174, Baltimore, MD 21287. E-mail: agranovich@gmail.com
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Abstract

Cultural differences in time attitudes and their effect on timed neuropsychological test performance were examined in matched non-clinical samples of 100 Russian and American adult volunteers using 8 tests that were previously reported to be relatively free of cultural bias: Color Trails Test (CTT); Ruff Figural Fluency Test (RFFT); Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT); and Tower of London-Drexel Edition (ToLDx). A measure of time attitudes, the Culture of Time Inventory (COTI-33) was used to assess time attitudes potentially affecting time-limited testing. Americans significantly outscored Russians on CTT, SDMT, and ToLDx (p < .05) while differences in RFFT scores only approached statistical significance. Group differences also emerged in COTI-33 factor scores, which partially mediated differences in performance on CTT-1, SDMT, and ToLDx initiation time, but did not account for the effect of culture on CTT-2. Significant effect of culture was revealed in ratings of familiarity with testing procedures that was negatively related to CTT, ToLDx, and SDMT scores. Current findings indicated that attitudes toward time may influence results of time limited testing and suggested that individuals who lack familiarity with timed testing procedures tend to obtain lower scores on timed tests. (JINS, 2011, 17, 692–701)

Keywords

Psychological assessmentNeuropsychological testCultural differencesCross-cultural studyAttitudesTimed testsRussiaClock timeEvent time
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 17 , Issue 4 , 21 June 2011 , pp. 692 - 701
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2011

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