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Screening tools for the identification of dementia for adults with age-related acquired hearing or vision impairment: a scoping review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2017

Annie Pye ,
Anna Pavlina Charalambous ,
Iracema Leroi Open the ORCID record for Iracema Leroi [Opens in a new window] ,
Chrysoulla Thodi  and
Piers Dawes Open the ORCID record for Piers Dawes [Opens in a new window]
Annie Pye
Affiliation:
Department for Neuroscience and Experimental Neurology, The University of Manchester and the Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
Anna Pavlina Charalambous
Affiliation:
School of Sciences, European University, Nicosia, Cyprus
Iracema Leroi
Affiliation:
Department for Neuroscience and Experimental Neurology, The University of Manchester and the Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
Chrysoulla Thodi
Affiliation:
School of Sciences, European University, Nicosia, Cyprus
Piers Dawes*
Affiliation:
Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, The University of Manchester and the Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester, UK
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Piers Dawes, Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, The University of Manchester and the Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, A3.09 Ellen Wilkinson Building, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. Phone: +44 161 306 1758; Fax: +44 161 275 3373. Email: Piers.dawes@manchester.ac.uk.
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Abstract

Background:

Cognitive screening tests frequently rely on items being correctly heard or seen. We aimed to identify, describe, and evaluate the adaptation, validity, and availability of cognitive screening and assessment tools for dementia which have been developed or adapted for adults with acquired hearing and/or vision impairment.

Method:

Electronic databases were searched using subject terms “hearing disorders” OR “vision disorders” AND “cognitive assessment,” supplemented by exploring reference lists of included papers and via consultation with health professionals to identify additional literature.

Results:

1,551 papers were identified, of which 13 met inclusion criteria. Four papers related to tests adapted for hearing impairment; 11 papers related to tests adapted for vision impairment. Frequently adapted tests were the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA). Adaptations for hearing impairment involved deleting or creating written versions for hearing-dependent items. Adaptations for vision impairment involved deleting vision-dependent items or spoken/tactile versions of visual tasks. No study reported validity of the test in relation to detection of dementia in people with hearing/vision impairment. Item deletion had a negative impact on the psychometric properties of the test.

Conclusions:

While attempts have been made to adapt cognitive tests for people with acquired hearing and/or vision impairment, the primary limitation of these adaptations is that their validity in accurately detecting dementia among those with acquired hearing or vision impairment is yet to be established. It is likely that the sensitivity and specificity of the adapted versions are poorer than the original, especially if the adaptation involved item deletion. One solution would involve item substitution in an alternative sensory modality followed by re-validation of the adapted test.

Keywords

cognitive screeninghearing impairmentpresbycusisvision impairmentscoping reviewdementia
Type
Review Article
Information
International Psychogeriatrics , Volume 29 , Issue 11 , November 2017 , pp. 1771 - 1784
Copyright
Copyright © International Psychogeriatric Association 2017 

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Footnotes

*

Annie Pye and Anna Pavlina Charalambous are shared first author.

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