Elsevier

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Volume 22, Issue 11, November 2016, Pages 949.e1-949.e4
Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Research note
Oral microflora and selection of resistance after a single dose of amoxicillin

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.08.008Get rights and content
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Abstract

The study aimed to determine the effects of a single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis on normal oral microflora. A single dose of 2 g amoxicillin was given to 29 healthy volunteers. Saliva was collected before antibiotic administration (day 1), and again on days 2, 5, 10, 17 and 24 and subjected to culturing and antibiotic sensitivity analysis. Twenty-one per cent (6/29) of the individuals carried penicillin-V- and amoxicillin-resistant viridans streptococci before antibiotic administration. After a single dose of amoxicillin there was a significant reduction in Streptococcus salivarius on days 2 and 5, a significant reduction in other viridans streptococci on day 2 and the proportion of viridans streptococci with reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin was significantly increased on days 2 and 5. A single dose of amoxicillin can cause an ecological disturbance and induce selection of resistant strains in the oral microflora.

Keywords

Antibiotic resistance
Ecological disturbance
Oral microflora
Prophylactic antibiotic use
Selection of resistance

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