1Concepts and epidemiology of spondyloarthritis
Section snippets
Concepts of spondyloarthritides
More than 30 years ago, a group of rheumatic diseases, labelled the ‘spondyloarthritides’ (SpA), was separated from other rheumatic diseases because of many common features and clear differences from other arthritides such as rheumatoid arthritis.1 Recently, a consensus was reached that the term ‘spondyloarthritis’ is preferable to ‘spondyloarthropathy’ to emphasize the inflammatory nature of these diseases.2 SpA comprise ankylosing spondylitis (AS), reactive arthritis or Reiter's syndrome,
Incidence and prevalence of ankylosing spondylitis and other spondyloarthritides
The term ‘epidemiology’ in the traditional sense means the study of the distribution of a disease and the risk factors for its development. More broadly, this includes the scientific methods used to diagnose, analyse and prevent or control a health problem. This part of the article will concentrate on incidence and prevalence data for AS and the other SpA.
References (80)
Psoriatic arthritis
Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America
(1998)- et al.
Psoriatic arthritis
Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism
(1973) - et al.
Clinical phenotype is related to HLA genotype in the peripheral arthropathies of inflammatory bowel disease
Gastroenterology
(2000) - et al.
Ileocolonoscopy in seronegative spondylarthropathy
Gastroenterology
(1989) - et al.
Ankylosing spondylitis. Clinical features
Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America
(1998) - et al.
Treatment of active ankylosing spondylitis with infliximab: a randomised controlled multicentre trial
Lancet
(2002) - et al.
Refining clinical diagnosis with likelihood ratios
Lancet
(2005) - et al.
Postvenereal Reiter's syndrome in Greenland
Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America
(1992) - et al.
Characterization of B27 haplotypes by oligotyping and genomic sequencing in the Mexican Mestizo population with ankylosing spondylitis: juvenile and adult onset
Human Immunology
(1995) - et al.
Associations between ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, Reiter's disease, the intestinal arthropathies, and Behcet's syndrome
Medicine (Baltimore)
(1974)
Building consensus on nomenclature and disease classification for ankylosing spondylitis: results and discussion of a questionnaire prepared for the international workshop on new treatment strategies in ankylosing spondylitis, Berlin, Germany, 18–19 January 2002
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
The European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary criteria for the classification of spondylarthropathy
Arthritis and Rheumatism
Report on the fourth international workshop on reactive arthritis
Arthritis and Rheumatism
Long-term prognosis of reactive salmonella arthritis
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
No benefit of long-term ciprofloxacin treatment in patients with reactive arthritis and undifferentiated oligoarthritis: a three-month, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study
Arthritis and Rheumatism
Lumbosacral radiographic signs in patients with previous enteroarthritis or uroarthritis
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Classification and diagnostic criteria for psoriatic arthritis
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
The current concept of spondyloarthritis with special emphasis on undifferentiated spondyloarthritis
Rheumatology (Oxford)
HLA antigens in ankylosing spondylitis associated with Crohn's disease. Increased frequency of the HLA phenotype B27, B44
The Journal of Rheumatology
Prevalence of spondylarthropathies in HLA-B27 positive and negative blood donors
Arthritis and Rheumatism
Diagnostic criteria for population studies
Bulletin on the Rheumatic Diseases
Sacro-ilitis in eight populations
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Population Studies of the Rheumatic Diseases
Das Röntgenbild des Beckens bei der Bechterewschen Krankheit
Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen
Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for ankylosing spondylitis. A proposal for modification of the New York criteria
Arthritis and Rheumatism
Clinical features and prognosis of patients with possible ankylosing spondylitis. Results of a 10-year followup
The Journal of Rheumatology
The challenge of diagnosis and classification in early ankylosing spondylitis: do we need new criteria?
Arthritis and Rheumatism
Use of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging with fast imaging in the detection of early and advanced sacroiliitis in spondylarthropathy patients
Arthritis and Rheumatism
Age at disease onset and diagnosis delay in HLA-B27 negative vs. positive patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Rheumatology International
Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor receptor (etanercept) for treating ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized, controlled trial
Arthritis and Rheumatism
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs reduce radiographic progression in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a randomized clinical trial
Arthritis and Rheumatism
Are classification criteria for spondylarthropathy useful as diagnostic criteria?
Revue du Rhumatisme England Edition
Evaluation of the European Spondylarthropathy Study Group preliminary classification criteria in Alaskan Eskimo populations
Arthritis and Rheumatism
Assessment of 2 systems of spondyloarthropathy diagnostic and classification criteria (Amor and ESSG) by a Spanish multicenter study. European Spondylarthropathy Study Group
The Journal of Rheumatology
Radiographic assessment of sacroiliitis by radiologists and rheumatologists: does training improve quality?
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Inflammatory back pain in primary care
British Journal of Rheumatology
How to diagnose axial spondyloarthritis early
Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
Cited by (201)
The association between comorbidities and disease activity in spondyloarthritis – A narrative review
2023, Best Practice and Research: Clinical RheumatologyEmerging role of monocytes and their intracellular calcium pattern in spondyloarthritis
2020, Clinica Chimica ActaCitation Excerpt :Due to this biochemical gap, SpA is diagnosed almost exclusively on the basis of a combined assessment of symptoms, physical examination and imaging techniques, laboratory examinations playing a minor role, or even no role at all. Consequently, the diagnosis is often delayed thus limiting early therapeutic intervention, of crucial importance in modifying disease progression and avoiding unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures [5]. There is therefore an urgent need for sensitive and specific biomarkers for these diseases.
Prevalence of HLA B27 in Patients Diagnosed with Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) in Diyarbakır, Southeastern Region of Turkey
2024, Nigerian Journal of Clinical PracticeDevelopment and validation of a screening tool for SPondyloArthritis Screening in Sub-Saharan Africa: SpASSS questionnaire
2023, BMC Medical Research Methodology