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Functional neuroimaging in anorexia nervosa: A clinical approach

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

F. Pietrini ,
G. Castellini ,
V. Ricca ,
C. Polito ,
A. Pupi  and
C. Faravelli
F. Pietrini
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Unit, Department of Neuropsychiatric Sciences, Florence University School of Medicine, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134Firenze, Italy
G. Castellini
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Unit, Department of Neuropsychiatric Sciences, Florence University School of Medicine, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134Firenze, Italy
V. Ricca
Affiliation:
Psychiatric Unit, Department of Neuropsychiatric Sciences, Florence University School of Medicine, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134Firenze, Italy
C. Polito
Affiliation:
Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134Firenze, Italy
A. Pupi
Affiliation:
Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical Physiopathology, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 85, 50134Firenze, Italy
C. Faravelli*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Florence, Via di San Salvi 12, 50135Firenze, Italy
*
*Corresponding author. Tel.: +39 055 4298447; fax: +39 055 4298424. E-mail address: carlo.faravelli@unifi.it (C. Faravelli).
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Abstract

Aims

To provide a review of the available literature about the functional neuroimaging of anorexia nervosa, and to summarize the possible role of neurobiological factors in its pathogenesis.

Methods

A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed and Medline electronic database (1950–September 2009). Eligible studies were restricted to those involving the main parameters of cerebral activity and functional neuroimaging techniques. Findings of the reviewed studies have been grouped on a diagnostic subtype basis, and their comparison has been interpreted in terms of concordance.

Results

We found a high level of concordance among available studies with regard to the presence of frontal, parietal and cingulate functional disturbances in both anorexia nervosa restricting and binge/purging subtypes. Concordance among studies conducted regardless of the anorexia nervosa subtypes suggests an alteration in temporal and parietal functions and striatal metabolism.

Conclusions

The most consistent alterations in anorexia nervosa cerebral activity seem to involve the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the inferior parietal lobule, the anterior cingulate cortex and the caudate nucleus. They may affect different neural systems such as the frontal visual system, the attention network, the arousal and emotional processing systems, the reward processing network, and the network for the body schema.

Keywords

Anorexia nervosaBrain imagingNeuroimagingNeural system
Type
Review
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 26 , Issue 3 , April 2011 , pp. 176 - 182
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier Masson SAS 2011

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