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Intratumoral and Combination Therapy in Melanoma and Other Skin Cancers

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Abstract

Skin cancer, as the most physically accessible malignancy, allows for the greatest variety in treatment innovation. The last 2 decades have seen striking increases in the life expectancies of those diagnosed with malignant melanoma. However, many cases remain in which disease prevails against standard treatment, and those patients rely on continuing ingenuity. Drugs that can be injected directly into patients’ tumors have become increasingly promising, not least for the reduction in side effects observed. Intratumoral therapy encompasses a wide array of agents, from chemotherapeutic drugs to cancer vaccines. While each show some efficacy, those agents which regulate the immune system likely have the greatest potential for preventing disease progression or recurrence. Recent research has highlighted the importance of the presence of cytotoxic T cells and of keeping regulatory T cells in check. Thus, manipulating the tumor microenvironment is a need in skin cancer therapy, which intratumoral delivery can potentially address. In order to find the best approach to each person’s disease, more studies are needed to test intralesional agents in combination with currently approved therapies and with each other.

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  1. Cutaneous Oncology Department, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero Street, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA

    Arielle Oglesby, Alain P. Algazi & Adil I. Daud

  2. Head and Neck Oncology Department, Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero Street, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA

    Alain P. Algazi

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  1. Arielle Oglesby
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  2. Alain P. Algazi
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  3. Adil I. Daud
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Correspondence to Arielle Oglesby.

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No external funding was used in the preparation of this manuscript.

Conflict of interest

Ms. Oglesby declares that she has no conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this manuscript. Dr. Algazi reports Grants from Merck, Acerta, Medimmune, AstraZeneca, Genentech, Dynavax, Tessa, and OncoSec; personal fees and non-financial support from Valitor, and OncoSec; personal fees from Array; and Grants from Incyte, Idera, Plexxicon, Checkmate, Regeneron, Novartis, Amgen, and BMS outside the submitted work. Dr. Daud reports Grants from Merck and BMS; Grants and personal fees from Incyte; Grants from Pfizer, Genentech, OncoSec, Takara, and Checkmate; Grants and personal fees from Novartis; and Grants from Exelixis outside the submitted work.

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Oglesby, A., Algazi, A.P. & Daud, A.I. Intratumoral and Combination Therapy in Melanoma and Other Skin Cancers. Am J Clin Dermatol 20, 781–796 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-019-00452-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-019-00452-8

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