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Verarbeitung schlafbezogener Stimuli

Unterschiede zwischen Personen mit gesundem und gestörtem Schlaf

Processing of sleep-related stimuli

Differences between good and poor sleepers

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Zusammenfassung

Vorangegangene Arbeiten legen nahe, dass Menschen mit einem gestörten Nachtschlaf, insbesondere bei Vorliegen einer primären Insomnie, eine verstärkte Zuwendung der Aufmerksamkeit zu schlafbezogenen Stimuli zeigen (schlafbezogener „Attentional Bias“). Studien zu diesem Effekt verwenden üblicherweise standardisierte Reaktionszeitexperimente, in denen die Effekte einer großen Anzahl schlafbezogener Stimuli gemittelt werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden die Daten aus 2 Studien daraufhin analysiert, wie stark einzelne Stimuli (Wörter) zum schlafbezogenen Attentional Bias beitragen. Es zeigte sich dabei eine relativ hohe Konsistenz der Effektstärken der einzelnen Stimuli über beide Studien hinweg. Die Kenntnis der Effektstärken einzelner Stimuli ist für die Planung und Auswertung zukünftiger Studien wichtig, um Attentional-Bias-Effekte sowohl in ihrer Größenordnung als auch in ihrer inhaltlichen Bedeutung besser zu verstehen.

Abstract

Previous work suggests that people with poor sleep quality, especially patients with primary insomnia, show an attentional preference for sleep-related stimuli (sleep-related attentional bias). Studies investigating this effect have generally used standardised reaction time experiments, in which the effects of a large number of sleep-related stimuli were averaged. Here, we analysed the data of two studies in order to investigate the contribution of single sleep-related stimuli (words) to sleep-related attentional bias. Results showed that effect sizes of the stimuli were relatively stable between the two studies. Knowing effect sizes of individual stimuli is important for the construction of future attentional paradigms, as well as providing a better understanding of the magnitude and content of sleep-related attentional bias.

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Spiegelhalder, K., Kyle, S., Prem, M. et al. Verarbeitung schlafbezogener Stimuli. Somnologie 13, 4–11 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11818-009-0403-y

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