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A comparative study of strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite coating on implant’s osseointegration for osteopenic rats

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Abstract

Surface modification techniques have been applied to generate titanium implant surfaces that promote osseointegration for the implants in cementless arthroplasty. However, its effect is not sufficient for osteoporotic bone. Strontium (Sr) promotes osteoblast proliferation and inhibits osteoclast proliferation and positively affects bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to confirm the effects of strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite (Sr-HA) coating via electrochemical deposition on implant’s osseointegration in the osteoporotic condition. Female Sprague Dawley rats were used for this study. Twelve weeks after bilateral ovariectomy, all animals were randomly divided into four groups: group HA; group 5 % Sr-HA; group 10 % Sr-HA; and group 20 % Sr-HA. Afterward, all rats from groups HA, 5 % Sr-HA, 10 % Sr-HA, and 20 % Sr-HA received implants with hydroxyapatite coating containing 0, 5, 10, and 20 % Sr. Implants were inserted bilaterally in all animals until death at 12 weeks. The bilateral femurs of rats were harvested for evaluation. All treatment groups increased new bone formation around the surface of titanium rods and push-out force; group 20 % Sr-HA showed the strongest effects on new bone formation and biomechanical strength. Additionally, these are significant differences in bone formation and push-out force was observed between groups 5 % Sr-HA and 10 % Sr-HA. This finding suggests that Sr-HA coating can improve implant osseointegration, and the 20 % Sr coating exhibited the best properties for implant osseointegration among the tested coatings in osteoporosis rats.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by a research Grant to Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No: LY16H250002) and Zhejiang Provincial Health Department public projects (Grant No: LY16H250002).

Author contributions

Zhou-Shan Tao, Bing-Li Bai, Xing-Wen, and Wei Liu implemented the tool, performed the experiments for the evaluation, analyzed the datasets and wrote the manuscript; Hang Li, Kai-kai Tu, and Zheng-Liang Huang helped with the implementation regarding experiments; Qiang Zhou and Tao Sun helped with the experiments data acquisition; Yang-Xun Lv and Wei Cui collaborated in the evaluation, analyzed the datasets, and wrote the manuscript; and Lei Yang collaborated in the design, coordinated all the workflow and helped to draft, write and review the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, No. 2, Zhe shan Xi Road, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People’s Republic of China

      Zhou-Shan Tao

    2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China

      Zhou-Shan Tao, Bing-Li Bai, Hang Li, Qiang Zhou, Tao Sun, Zheng-Liang Huang, Kai-kai Tu & Lei Yang

    3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hangzhou Bay Hospital of Ningbo, Hangzhou, 315000, People’s Republic of China

      Xing-Wen He

    4. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jingmen NO.1 People’s Hospital, Jingmen, 44800, Hubei, People’s Republic of China

      Wei Liu

    5. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China

      Yang-Xun Lv

    6. Sichuan Provincial Orthopedics Hospital, NO.132 West First Section First Ring Road, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China

      Wei Cui

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    1. Zhou-Shan Tao
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    Correspondence to Lei Yang.

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    Statement of ethical approval Animals were handled with the approval of the Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee of Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University.

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    Zhou-Shan Tao and Bing-Li Bai contributed equally to this work.

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    Tao, ZS., Bai, BL., He, XW. et al. A comparative study of strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite coating on implant’s osseointegration for osteopenic rats. Med Biol Eng Comput 54, 1959–1968 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11517-016-1494-9

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