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Porous CaP/silk composite scaffolds to repair femur defects in an osteoporotic model

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Abstract

The most common complication for patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis is bone-related defects and fractures. While routine medication has a high probability of undesirable side effects, new approaches have aimed to develop regeneration procedures that stimulate new bone formation while reversing bone loss. Recently, we have synthesized a new hybrid CaP/silk scaffold with a CaP-phase distribution and pore architecture better suited to facilitate cell differentiation and bone formation. The aim of the present study was to compare the involved remodeling process and therapeutic effect of porous CaP/silk composite scaffolds upon local implantation into osteoporotic defects. Wistar rats were used to induce postmenopausal osteoporotic model by bilateral ovariectomy. The pure silk and hybrid CaP/silk scaffolds were implanted into critical sized defects created in distal femoral epiphysis. After 14 and 28 days, the in vivo osteogenetic efficiency was evaluated by μCT analysis, hematoxylin and eosin staining, Safranin O staining, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining, and immunohistochemical assessment. Animals with or without critical-sized defects were used as drill or blank controls, respectively. The osteoporotic defect model was well established with significantly decreased μCT parameters of BV/TV, Tb.N and increased Tb.Sp, porosity, combined with changes in histological observations. During the healing process, the critical-sized drill control defects failed to regenerate appreciable bone tissue, while more significantly increased bone formation and mineralization with dynamic scaffold degradation and decreased osteoclastic bone resorption could be detected within defects with hybrid CaP/silk scaffolds compared to pure silk scaffolds.

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Acknowledgments

Funding for this study was provided by research grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (30700948) to Yufeng Zhang and (81170992) to Bin Shi, and the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities (2012304274818) to Ning Cheng.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People’s Republic of China

    Ning Cheng, Jing Dai, Xiangrong Cheng, Shu’e Li, Richard J. Miron, Tao Wu, Wenli Chen, Yufeng Zhang & Bin Shi

  2. Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Freiburgstrasse 7, Postfach 64, 3010 , Bern 10, Switzerland

    Richard J. Miron

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  1. Ning Cheng
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  2. Jing Dai
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  3. Xiangrong Cheng
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  4. Shu’e Li
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  5. Richard J. Miron
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  6. Tao Wu
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  7. Wenli Chen
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  8. Yufeng Zhang
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  9. Bin Shi
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Correspondence to Bin Shi.

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Ning Cheng and Jing Dai contribute equally to the study.

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Cheng, N., Dai, J., Cheng, X. et al. Porous CaP/silk composite scaffolds to repair femur defects in an osteoporotic model. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 24, 1963–1975 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-4945-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-013-4945-y

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