Summary
Falls and their consequences are a major problem in geriatric medicine. Main causes are the combination of age-related physiological changes with multimorbidity and subsequent polypharmacy. Elderly patients are more susceptible to adverse drug effects and have less compensatory capacity than younger adults. Therefore careful monitoring of side effects is indicated and prescribing for elderly patients calls for alertness in order to identify symptoms as possible adverse drug effects.
Zusammenfassung
Stürze und ihre Folgen gehören zu den Hauptproblemen der Geriatrie. Neben altersphysiologischen Veränderungen spielt Multimorbidität und die sich daraus ergebende Polypharmazie dabei eine wesentliche Rolle. Ältere Menschen zeigen eine erhöhte Empfindlichkeit für Nebenwirkungen und eine verminderte Kompensationsfähigkeit in der Aufrechterhaltung der Homöostase. Deshalb ist eine erhöhte Aufmerksamkeit für mögliche unerwünschte Nebenwirkungen oder Interaktionen und eine verstärkte begleitende Kontrolle notwendiger Dauermedikation notwendig.
Similar content being viewed by others
Literatur
Morisod J, Coutaz M. Post-fall syndrome: how to recognize and treat it/ Rev Med Suisse, 3: 2531, 2532, 2534, 2536, 2007
Rankin JK, Woollacott MH, Shumway-Cook A, et al. Cognitive influence on postural stability: a neuromuscular analysis in young and older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 55: M112–M119, 2000
Brown JS, Vittinghoff E, Wyman JF, et al. Urinary incontinence: does it increase risk for falls and fractures/ Study of Osteoporotic Fractures Research Group. J Am Geriatr Soc, 48: 721–725, 2000
Cumming RG, Thomas M, Szonyi G, et al. Adherence to occupational therapist recommendations for home modifications for falls prevention. Am J Occup Ther, 55: 641–648, 2001
Kulmala J, Era P, Pärssinen O, et al. Lowered vision as a risk factor for injurious accidents in older people. Aging Clin Exp Res, 20: 25–30, 2008
Kulmala J, Viljanen A, Sipilä S, et al. Poor vision accompanied with other sensory impairments as a predictor of falls in older women. Age Ageing, 38: 162–167, 2009
Myers AH, Baker SP, Van Natta ML, et al. Risk factors associated with falls and injuries among elderly institutionalized persons. Am J Epidemiol, 133: 1179–1190, 1991
Soriano TA, DeCherrie LV, Thomas DC. Falls in the community-dwelling older adult: a review for primary-care providers. Clin Interv Aging, 2: 545–554, 2007
Davies AJ, Kenny RA. Falls presenting to the accident and emergency department: types of presentation and risk factor profile. Age Ageing, 25: 362–366, 1996
Davies AJ, Steen N, Kenny RA. Carotid sinus hypersensitivity is common in older patients presenting to an accident and emergency department with unexplained falls. Age Ageing, 30: 289–293, 2001
Lawlor DA, Patel R, Ebrahim S. Association between falls in elderly women and chronic diseases and drug use: cross sectional study. BMJ, 327(7417): 712–717, 2003
Mets TF. Drug-induced orthostatic hypotension in older patients. Drugs Aging, 6: 219–228, 1995
Leipzig RM, Cumming RG, Tinetti ME. Drugs and falls in older people. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Geriatr Soc, 47: 30–39, 40–50, 1999
Koski K, Luukinen H, Laippala P, et al. Physiological factors and medications as predictors of injurious falls by elderly people: a prospective population-based study. Age Ageing, 25: 29–38, 1996
Schuler J, Dückelmann C, Beindl W, et al. Polypharmacy and inappropriate prescribing in elderly internal-medicine patients in Austria. Wien Klin Wochenschr, 120: 733–741, 2008
Hanlon JT, Schmader KE, Koronkowski MJ, et al. Adverse drug events in high risk older outpatients. J Am Geriatr Soc, 45: 945–948, 1997
Hanlon JT, Boudreau RM, Roumani YF, et al. Number and dosage of central nervous system medications on recurrent falls in community elders: the Health, Aging and Body Composition study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 64: 492–498, 2009
Glass J, Lanctôt KL, Herrmann N, et al. Sedative hypnotics in older people with insomnia: meta-analysis of risks and benefits. BMJ, 331(7526): 1169, 2005
Berdot S, Bertrand M, Dartigues JF, et al. Inappropriate medication use and risk of falls – a prospective study in a large community-dwelling elderly cohort. BMC Geriatr, 9: 30, 2009
Renneboog B, Musch W, Vandemergel X, et al. Mild chronic hyponatremia is associated with falls, unsteadiness, and attention deficits. Am J Med, 119: 71.e1–71.e8, 2006
Sharabi Y, Illan R, Kamari Y, et al. Diuretic induced hyponatraemia in elderly hypertensive women. J Hum Hypertens, 16: 631–635, 2002
Decaux G. Is asymptomatic hyponatremia really asymptomatic/ Am J Med, 119 (7 Suppl 1): S79–S82, 2006
Müller ME, van der Velde N, Krulder JW, et al. Syncope and falls due to timolol eye drops. BMJ, 332(7547): 960–961, 2006
Alibhai SM, Greenwood C, Payette H. An approach to the management of unintentional weight loss in elderly people. CMAJ, 172: 773–780, 2005
Bavbek N, Kargili A, Akcay A, et al. Recurrent hyponatremia associated with citalopram and mirtazapine. Am J Kidney Dis, 48: e61–e62, 2006
Hien le TT, Cumming RG, Cameron ID, et al. Atypical antipsychotic medications and risk of falls in residents of aged care facilities. J Am Geriatr Soc, 53: 1290–1295, 2005
Lee PE, Gill SS, Freedman M, et al. Atypical antipsychotic drugs in the treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: systematic review. BMJ, 329(7457): 75, 2004
van der Velde N, Stricker BH, Pols HA, et al. Risk of falls after withdrawal of fall-risk-increasing drugs: a prospective cohort study. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 63: 232–237, 2007
van der Velde N, Stricker BH, Pols HA, et al. Withdrawal of fall-risk-increasing drugs in older persons: effect on mobility test outcomes. Drugs Aging, 24: 691–699, 2007
Mosekilde L. Vitamin D in the elderly. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf), 62: 265–281, 2005
Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Giovannucci E, Willett WC, et al. Estimation of optimal serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for multiple health outcomes. Am J Clin Nutr, 84: 18–28, 2006
Hill KD, Moore KJ, Dorevitch MI, et al. Effectiveness of falls clinics: an evaluation of outcomes and client adherence to recommended interventions. J Am Geriatr Soc, 56: 600–608, 2008
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sommeregger, U., Iglseder, B., Böhmdorfer, B. et al. Polypharmazie und Stürze im Alter. Wien Med Wochenschr 160, 293–296 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-010-0789-y
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-010-0789-y