Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie 5/2019

05.07.2019 | Positionspapiere

Geriatrische Intensivmedizin

Konsensuspapier der DGIIN, DIVI, DGAI, DGGG, ÖGGG, ÖGIAIN, DGP, DGEM, DGD, DGNI, DGIM, DGKliPha und DGG

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. Guido Michels, Cornel C. Sieber, Gernot Marx, Regina Roller-Wirnsberger, Michael Joannidis, Ursula Müller-Werdan, Wolfgang Müllges, Georg Gahn, Roman Pfister, Petra A. Thürmann, Rainer Wirth, Jana Fresenborg, Ludwig Kuntz, Steffen T. Simon, Uwe Janssens, Hans Jürgen Heppner

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie | Ausgabe 5/2019

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Der Anteil älterer, gebrechlicher und multimorbider Menschen hat in den letzten Jahrzehnten aufgrund der demographischen Entwicklung stark zugenommen bzw. wird weiter dramatisch zunehmen, was sich auf die medizinische Akutversorgung auswirken wird. Prospektive randomisierte Studien zum Themengebiet der geriatrischen Intensivmedizin fehlen bis heute. Es existieren zudem weder internationale noch nationale Empfehlungen bezüglich des Managements von kritisch kranken älteren Patienten. Das vorliegende Konsensuspapier liefert basierend auf einer konsentierten Expertenmeinung 16 Aussagen, die beim Umgang mit geriatrischen Intensivpatienten beachtet werden sollten.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Adler K, Schlieper D, Kindgen-Milles D et al (2017) Integration of palliative care into intensive care: Systematic review. Anaesthesist 66(9):660–666CrossRefPubMed Adler K, Schlieper D, Kindgen-Milles D et al (2017) Integration of palliative care into intensive care: Systematic review. Anaesthesist 66(9):660–666CrossRefPubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Ahrens D, Behrens G, Himmel W, Kochen MM, Chenot JF (2012) Appropriateness of proton pump inhibitor recommendations at hospital discharge and continuation in primary care. Int J Clin Pract 66:767–773CrossRefPubMed Ahrens D, Behrens G, Himmel W, Kochen MM, Chenot JF (2012) Appropriateness of proton pump inhibitor recommendations at hospital discharge and continuation in primary care. Int J Clin Pract 66:767–773CrossRefPubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Al-Dorzi HM, Tamim HM, Mundekkadan S, Sohail MR, Arabi YM (2014) Characteristics, management and outcomes of critically ill patients who are 80 years and older: a retrospective comparative cohort study. BMC Anesthesiol 14:126CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Al-Dorzi HM, Tamim HM, Mundekkadan S, Sohail MR, Arabi YM (2014) Characteristics, management and outcomes of critically ill patients who are 80 years and older: a retrospective comparative cohort study. BMC Anesthesiol 14:126CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Alt-Epping B, Sitte T, Nauck F, Radbruch L (2010) Sedation in palliative medicine: Guidelines for the use of sedation in palliative care: European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC). Schmerz 24(4):342–3546CrossRefPubMed Alt-Epping B, Sitte T, Nauck F, Radbruch L (2010) Sedation in palliative medicine: Guidelines for the use of sedation in palliative care: European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC). Schmerz 24(4):342–3546CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Andersen FH, Kvåle R (2012) Do elderly intensive care unit patients receive less intensive care treatment and have higher mortality? Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 56(10):1298–1305CrossRefPubMed Andersen FH, Kvåle R (2012) Do elderly intensive care unit patients receive less intensive care treatment and have higher mortality? Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 56(10):1298–1305CrossRefPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Bagshaw SM, Webb SA, Delaney A et al (2009) Very old patients admitted to intensive care in Australia and New Zealand: a multi-centre cohort analysis. Crit Care 13(2):R45CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bagshaw SM, Webb SA, Delaney A et al (2009) Very old patients admitted to intensive care in Australia and New Zealand: a multi-centre cohort analysis. Crit Care 13(2):R45CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Bainum TB, Fike DS, Mechelay D, Haase KK (2017) Effect of abrupt discontinuation of antidepressants in critically ill hospitalized adults. Pharmacotherapy 37:1231–1240CrossRefPubMed Bainum TB, Fike DS, Mechelay D, Haase KK (2017) Effect of abrupt discontinuation of antidepressants in critically ill hospitalized adults. Pharmacotherapy 37:1231–1240CrossRefPubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Baldwin MR, Wunsch H, Reyfman PA et al (2013) High burden of palliative needs among older intensive care unit survivors transferred to post-acute care facilities. A single-center study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 10(5):458–465CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Baldwin MR, Wunsch H, Reyfman PA et al (2013) High burden of palliative needs among older intensive care unit survivors transferred to post-acute care facilities. A single-center study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 10(5):458–465CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Barbieri M, Ferrucci L, Ragno E et al (2003) Chronic inflammation and the effect of IGF-1 on muscle strength and power in older persons. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 284:E481–E487CrossRefPubMed Barbieri M, Ferrucci L, Ragno E et al (2003) Chronic inflammation and the effect of IGF-1 on muscle strength and power in older persons. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 284:E481–E487CrossRefPubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Barnett K, Mercer SW, Norbury M et al (2012) Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study. Lancet 380(9836):37–43CrossRefPubMed Barnett K, Mercer SW, Norbury M et al (2012) Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study. Lancet 380(9836):37–43CrossRefPubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Baron R, Binder A, Biniek R et al (2015) Evidence and consensus based guideline for the management of delirium, analgesia, and sedation in intensive care medicine. Revision 2015 (DAS-Guideline 2015)—short version. Ger Med Sci 13:Doc19PubMedPubMedCentral Baron R, Binder A, Biniek R et al (2015) Evidence and consensus based guideline for the management of delirium, analgesia, and sedation in intensive care medicine. Revision 2015 (DAS-Guideline 2015)—short version. Ger Med Sci 13:Doc19PubMedPubMedCentral
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T et al (2013) Evidence-based recommendations for optimal dietary protein intake in older people: a position paper from the PROT-AGE Study Group. J Am Med Dir Assoc 14(8):542–559CrossRefPubMed Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T et al (2013) Evidence-based recommendations for optimal dietary protein intake in older people: a position paper from the PROT-AGE Study Group. J Am Med Dir Assoc 14(8):542–559CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Beauchamp TL, Childress J (2013) Principles of biomedical ethics, 7. Aufl. Oxford University, Oxford Beauchamp TL, Childress J (2013) Principles of biomedical ethics, 7. Aufl. Oxford University, Oxford
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Becker S, Müller J, de Heer G, Braune S, Fuhrmann V, Kluge S (2015) Clinical characteristics and outcome of very elderly patients ≥90 year in intensive care: a retrospective observational study. Ann Intensive Care 5(1):53CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Becker S, Müller J, de Heer G, Braune S, Fuhrmann V, Kluge S (2015) Clinical characteristics and outcome of very elderly patients ≥90 year in intensive care: a retrospective observational study. Ann Intensive Care 5(1):53CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Bein T, Bischoff M, Brückner U et al (2015) S2e guideline: positioning and early mobilisation in prophylaxis or therapy of pulmonary disorders: Revision 2015: S2e guideline of the German Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (DGAI). Anaesthesist 64(Suppl 1):1–26CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bein T, Bischoff M, Brückner U et al (2015) S2e guideline: positioning and early mobilisation in prophylaxis or therapy of pulmonary disorders: Revision 2015: S2e guideline of the German Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine (DGAI). Anaesthesist 64(Suppl 1):1–26CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Blot S, Koulenti D, Dimopoulos G (2014) Prevalence, risk factors, and mortality for ventilator-associated pneumonia in middle-aged, old, and very old critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 42(3):601–609CrossRefPubMed Blot S, Koulenti D, Dimopoulos G (2014) Prevalence, risk factors, and mortality for ventilator-associated pneumonia in middle-aged, old, and very old critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 42(3):601–609CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Boumendil A, Maury E, Reinhard I et al (2004) Prognosis of Patients aged 80 and over admitted in ICU. Intensive Care Med 30:647–654CrossRefPubMed Boumendil A, Maury E, Reinhard I et al (2004) Prognosis of Patients aged 80 and over admitted in ICU. Intensive Care Med 30:647–654CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Boumendil A, Aegerter P, Guidet B, CUB-Rea Network (2005) Treatment intensity and outcome of patients aged 80 and older in intensive care units: a multicenter matched-cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc 53(1):88–93CrossRefPubMed Boumendil A, Aegerter P, Guidet B, CUB-Rea Network (2005) Treatment intensity and outcome of patients aged 80 and older in intensive care units: a multicenter matched-cohort study. J Am Geriatr Soc 53(1):88–93CrossRefPubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Braus N, Campbell TC, Kwekkeboom KL et al (2016) Prospective study of a proactive palliative care rounding intervention in a medical ICU. Intensive Care Med 42(1):54–62CrossRefPubMed Braus N, Campbell TC, Kwekkeboom KL et al (2016) Prospective study of a proactive palliative care rounding intervention in a medical ICU. Intensive Care Med 42(1):54–62CrossRefPubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Buurman BM, Hoogerduijn JG, de Haan RJ et al (2011) Geriatric conditions in acutely hospitalized older patients: prevalence and one-year survival and functional decline. PLoS ONE 6(11):e26951CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Buurman BM, Hoogerduijn JG, de Haan RJ et al (2011) Geriatric conditions in acutely hospitalized older patients: prevalence and one-year survival and functional decline. PLoS ONE 6(11):e26951CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Christ M, Störk S, Dörr M et al (2016) Heart failure epidemiology 2000–2013: insights from the German Federal Health Monitoring System. Eur J Heart Fail 18(8):1009–1018CrossRefPubMed Christ M, Störk S, Dörr M et al (2016) Heart failure epidemiology 2000–2013: insights from the German Federal Health Monitoring System. Eur J Heart Fail 18(8):1009–1018CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Christensen CM, Grossman JH, Hwang J (2009) The innovator’s prescription: a disruptive solution for health care. McGraw-Hill, New York Christensen CM, Grossman JH, Hwang J (2009) The innovator’s prescription: a disruptive solution for health care. McGraw-Hill, New York
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Chronopoulos A, Rosner MH, Cruz DN, Ronco C (2010) Acute kidney injury in elderly intensive care patients: a review. Intensive Care Med 36:1454–1464CrossRefPubMed Chronopoulos A, Rosner MH, Cruz DN, Ronco C (2010) Acute kidney injury in elderly intensive care patients: a review. Intensive Care Med 36:1454–1464CrossRefPubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Cicerchia M, Ceci M, Locatelli C et al (2010) Geriatric syndromes in peri-operative elderly cancer patients. Surg Oncol 19:131–139CrossRefPubMed Cicerchia M, Ceci M, Locatelli C et al (2010) Geriatric syndromes in peri-operative elderly cancer patients. Surg Oncol 19:131–139CrossRefPubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Clegg A, Young J, Iliffe S, Rikkert MO, Rockwood K (2013) Frailty in elderly people. Lancet 381(9868):752–762CrossRefPubMed Clegg A, Young J, Iliffe S, Rikkert MO, Rockwood K (2013) Frailty in elderly people. Lancet 381(9868):752–762CrossRefPubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Collamati A, Martone AM, Poscia A et al (2016) Anticholinergic drugs and negative outcomes in the older population: from biological plausibility to clinical evidence. Aging Clin Exp Res 28(1):25–35CrossRefPubMed Collamati A, Martone AM, Poscia A et al (2016) Anticholinergic drugs and negative outcomes in the older population: from biological plausibility to clinical evidence. Aging Clin Exp Res 28(1):25–35CrossRefPubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM et al (2010) Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing 39:412–423CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Baeyens JP, Bauer JM et al (2010) Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing 39:412–423CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Doig GS, Simpson F, Heighes PT et al (2015) Restricted versus continued standard caloric intake during the management of refeeding syndrome in critically ill adults: a randomised, parallel-group, multicentre, single-blind controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med 3(12):943–952CrossRefPubMed Doig GS, Simpson F, Heighes PT et al (2015) Restricted versus continued standard caloric intake during the management of refeeding syndrome in critically ill adults: a randomised, parallel-group, multicentre, single-blind controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med 3(12):943–952CrossRefPubMed
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Druml W, Valentin A (2013) Wir alle wollen alt werden – auch mit Hilfe der Intensivmedizin. Intensiv News 1(13):1–2 Druml W, Valentin A (2013) Wir alle wollen alt werden – auch mit Hilfe der Intensivmedizin. Intensiv News 1(13):1–2
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Ely EW, Margolin R, Francis J et al (2001) Evaluation of delirium in critically ill patients: validation of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). Crit Care Med 29(7):1370–1379CrossRefPubMed Ely EW, Margolin R, Francis J et al (2001) Evaluation of delirium in critically ill patients: validation of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). Crit Care Med 29(7):1370–1379CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Flaatten H, Clegg A (2018) Frailty: we need valid and reliable tools in critical care. Intensive Care Med 44(11):1973–1975CrossRefPubMed Flaatten H, Clegg A (2018) Frailty: we need valid and reliable tools in critical care. Intensive Care Med 44(11):1973–1975CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Flaatten H, de Lange DW, Artigas A et al (2017) The status of intensive care medicine research and a future agenda for very old patients in the ICU. Intensive Care Med 43(9):1319–1328CrossRefPubMed Flaatten H, de Lange DW, Artigas A et al (2017) The status of intensive care medicine research and a future agenda for very old patients in the ICU. Intensive Care Med 43(9):1319–1328CrossRefPubMed
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J et al (2001) Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 56(3):M146–156CrossRefPubMed Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J et al (2001) Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 56(3):M146–156CrossRefPubMed
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Fronczek J, Polok KJ, Nowak-Kózka I et al (2018) Frailty is associated with an increased mortality among patients ≥ 80 years old treated in Polish ICUs. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 50(4):245–251CrossRefPubMed Fronczek J, Polok KJ, Nowak-Kózka I et al (2018) Frailty is associated with an increased mortality among patients ≥ 80 years old treated in Polish ICUs. Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther 50(4):245–251CrossRefPubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Guidet B, Leblanc G, Simon T et al (2017) Effect of systematic intensive care unit triage on long-term mortality among critically ill elderly patients in France: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 318(15):1450–1459CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Guidet B, Leblanc G, Simon T et al (2017) Effect of systematic intensive care unit triage on long-term mortality among critically ill elderly patients in France: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 318(15):1450–1459CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Guidet B, Flaatten H, Boumendil A et al (2018a) Withholding or withdrawing of life-sustaining therapy in older adults (≥ 80 years) admitted to the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 44(7):1027–1038CrossRefPubMed Guidet B, Flaatten H, Boumendil A et al (2018a) Withholding or withdrawing of life-sustaining therapy in older adults (≥ 80 years) admitted to the intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 44(7):1027–1038CrossRefPubMed
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Guidet B, Vallet H, Boddaert J et al (2018b) Caring for the critically ill patients over 80: a narrative review. Ann Intensive Care 8(1):114CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Guidet B, Vallet H, Boddaert J et al (2018b) Caring for the critically ill patients over 80: a narrative review. Ann Intensive Care 8(1):114CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Haas LE, Karakus A, Holman R et al (2015) Trends in hospital and intensive care admissions in the Netherlands attributable to the very elderly in an ageing population. Crit Care 19:353CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Haas LE, Karakus A, Holman R et al (2015) Trends in hospital and intensive care admissions in the Netherlands attributable to the very elderly in an ageing population. Crit Care 19:353CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Hager K, Krause O (2016) Frailty: Neuer Begriff – altes Problem. Allgemeinarzt 38(20):48–52 Hager K, Krause O (2016) Frailty: Neuer Begriff – altes Problem. Allgemeinarzt 38(20):48–52
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Heppner HJ, Bauer JM, Sieber CC et al (2010) Laboratory aspects relating to the detection and prevention of frailty. Int J Prev Med 1(3):149–157PubMedPubMedCentral Heppner HJ, Bauer JM, Sieber CC et al (2010) Laboratory aspects relating to the detection and prevention of frailty. Int J Prev Med 1(3):149–157PubMedPubMedCentral
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Heppner HJ, Schmitt K, Esslinger AS (2008) Frailty and modern intensive care. Ther Umsch 65:455–458CrossRefPubMed Heppner HJ, Schmitt K, Esslinger AS (2008) Frailty and modern intensive care. Ther Umsch 65:455–458CrossRefPubMed
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Heppner HJ, Singler K, Gosch M, Doviak P (2015) Ethics in the emergency care of geriatric patients—when is enough enough? Dtsch Med Wochenschr 140(23):1780–1782CrossRefPubMed Heppner HJ, Singler K, Gosch M, Doviak P (2015) Ethics in the emergency care of geriatric patients—when is enough enough? Dtsch Med Wochenschr 140(23):1780–1782CrossRefPubMed
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Hermans G, Van Mechelen H, Clerckx B et al (2014) Acute outcomes and 1‑year mortality of intensive care unit-acquired weakness. A cohort study and propensity-matched analysis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 190(4):410–420CrossRefPubMed Hermans G, Van Mechelen H, Clerckx B et al (2014) Acute outcomes and 1‑year mortality of intensive care unit-acquired weakness. A cohort study and propensity-matched analysis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 190(4):410–420CrossRefPubMed
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Herridge MS, Tansey CM, Matté A et al (2011) Functional disability 5 years after acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 364(14):1293–1304CrossRefPubMed Herridge MS, Tansey CM, Matté A et al (2011) Functional disability 5 years after acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med 364(14):1293–1304CrossRefPubMed
50.
Zurück zum Zitat De Hert S, Staender S, Fritsch G et al (2018) Pre-operative evaluation of adults undergoing elective noncardiac surgery. Updated guideline from the European Society of Anaesthesiology. Eur J Anaesthesiol 35:407–465CrossRefPubMed De Hert S, Staender S, Fritsch G et al (2018) Pre-operative evaluation of adults undergoing elective noncardiac surgery. Updated guideline from the European Society of Anaesthesiology. Eur J Anaesthesiol 35:407–465CrossRefPubMed
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Higginson IJ, Koffman J, Hopkins P et al (2013) Development and evaluation of the feasibility and effects on staff, patients, and families of a new tool, the Psychosocial Assessment and Communication Evaluation (PACE), to improve communication and palliative care in intensive care and during clinical uncertainty. BMC Med 11:213CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Higginson IJ, Koffman J, Hopkins P et al (2013) Development and evaluation of the feasibility and effects on staff, patients, and families of a new tool, the Psychosocial Assessment and Communication Evaluation (PACE), to improve communication and palliative care in intensive care and during clinical uncertainty. BMC Med 11:213CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoste EA, Bagshaw SM, Bellomo R et al (2015) Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: the multinational AKI-EPI study. Intensive Care Med 41(8):1411–1423CrossRefPubMed Hoste EA, Bagshaw SM, Bellomo R et al (2015) Epidemiology of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: the multinational AKI-EPI study. Intensive Care Med 41(8):1411–1423CrossRefPubMed
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Hshieh TT, Yue J, Oh E et al (2015) Effectiveness of multicomponent nonpharmacological delirium interventions: a meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med 175(4):512–520CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hshieh TT, Yue J, Oh E et al (2015) Effectiveness of multicomponent nonpharmacological delirium interventions: a meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med 175(4):512–520CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Huang D, Ma H, Zhong W et al (2017) Using M‑mode ultrasonography to assess diaphragm dysfunction and predict the success of mechanical ventilation weaning in elderly patients. J Thorac Dis 9(9):3177–3186CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Huang D, Ma H, Zhong W et al (2017) Using M‑mode ultrasonography to assess diaphragm dysfunction and predict the success of mechanical ventilation weaning in elderly patients. J Thorac Dis 9(9):3177–3186CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S et al (2018) 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 39:119–177CrossRefPubMed Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S et al (2018) 2017 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation: The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 39:119–177CrossRefPubMed
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Ihra GC, Lehberger J, Hochrieser H et al (2012) Development of demographics and outcome of very old critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units. Intensive Care Med 38(4):620–626CrossRefPubMed Ihra GC, Lehberger J, Hochrieser H et al (2012) Development of demographics and outcome of very old critically ill patients admitted to intensive care units. Intensive Care Med 38(4):620–626CrossRefPubMed
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Inouye SK, Westendorp RG, Saczynski JS (2014) Delirium in elderly people. Lancet 383:911–922CrossRefPubMed Inouye SK, Westendorp RG, Saczynski JS (2014) Delirium in elderly people. Lancet 383:911–922CrossRefPubMed
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Janssens U, Burchardi N, Duttge G et al (2012) Therapiezieländerung und Therapiebegrenzung in der Intensivmedizin. Dtsch Interdiszip Ver Intensiv Notfallmed 3:103–107 Janssens U, Burchardi N, Duttge G et al (2012) Therapiezieländerung und Therapiebegrenzung in der Intensivmedizin. Dtsch Interdiszip Ver Intensiv Notfallmed 3:103–107
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Janssens U, Burchardi H, Duttge G et al (2013) Change in therapy target and therapy limitations in intensive care medicine. Position paper of the Ethics Section of the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Anaesthesist 62(1):47–52CrossRefPubMed Janssens U, Burchardi H, Duttge G et al (2013) Change in therapy target and therapy limitations in intensive care medicine. Position paper of the Ethics Section of the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Anaesthesist 62(1):47–52CrossRefPubMed
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Janssens U, Lücking KM, Böll B et al (2019) Amendment to the documentation of decisions to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining therapies in consideration of wish to donate organs : Recommendation of the Ethics Section and the Organ Donation and Transplantation Section of the German Interdisciplinary Association of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI) in collaboration with the Ethics Section of the German Society of Medical Intensive Care Medicine and Emergency Medicine (DGIIN). Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 114(1):53–55PubMed Janssens U, Lücking KM, Böll B et al (2019) Amendment to the documentation of decisions to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining therapies in consideration of wish to donate organs : Recommendation of the Ethics Section and the Organ Donation and Transplantation Section of the German Interdisciplinary Association of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI) in collaboration with the Ethics Section of the German Society of Medical Intensive Care Medicine and Emergency Medicine (DGIIN). Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 114(1):53–55PubMed
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Joannidis M, Klein SJ, John S et al (2018) Prevention of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: recommendations from the renal section of the DGIIN, ÖGIAIN and DIVI. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 113(5):358–369CrossRefPubMed Joannidis M, Klein SJ, John S et al (2018) Prevention of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: recommendations from the renal section of the DGIIN, ÖGIAIN and DIVI. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 113(5):358–369CrossRefPubMed
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaiser MJ, Bauer JM, Ramsch C et al (2010) Frequency of malnutrition in older adults: a multinational perspective using the mini nutritional assessment. J Am Geriatr Soc 58(9):1734–1738CrossRefPubMed Kaiser MJ, Bauer JM, Ramsch C et al (2010) Frequency of malnutrition in older adults: a multinational perspective using the mini nutritional assessment. J Am Geriatr Soc 58(9):1734–1738CrossRefPubMed
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Kämmerer W (2012) Clinically relevant pharmacokinetic drug interactions in the intensive care unit: an overview. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 107:128–140CrossRefPubMed Kämmerer W (2012) Clinically relevant pharmacokinetic drug interactions in the intensive care unit: an overview. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 107:128–140CrossRefPubMed
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Kang MC, Kim JH, Ryu SW et al (2018) Prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study. J Korean Med Sci 33(2):e10CrossRefPubMed Kang MC, Kim JH, Ryu SW et al (2018) Prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study. J Korean Med Sci 33(2):e10CrossRefPubMed
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Karagiannidis C, Hermes C, Krakau M et al (2019) Versorgung der Bevölkerung in Gefahr. Dtsch Arztebl 116(10):A462–A466 Karagiannidis C, Hermes C, Krakau M et al (2019) Versorgung der Bevölkerung in Gefahr. Dtsch Arztebl 116(10):A462–A466
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Kasper P, Janssens U, Michels G (2019) How important are proton pump inhibitors in the prevention of stress ulcers and stress-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in ICU patients? Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 114(4):350–354CrossRefPubMed Kasper P, Janssens U, Michels G (2019) How important are proton pump inhibitors in the prevention of stress ulcers and stress-associated gastrointestinal bleeding in ICU patients? Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 114(4):350–354CrossRefPubMed
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Kelly JM, Rubenfeld GD, Masson N, Min A, Adhikari NKJ (2017) Using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors in critical care: a systematic review of the evidence for benefit or harm. Crit Care Med 45:e607–e616CrossRefPubMed Kelly JM, Rubenfeld GD, Masson N, Min A, Adhikari NKJ (2017) Using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors in critical care: a systematic review of the evidence for benefit or harm. Crit Care Med 45:e607–e616CrossRefPubMed
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Klein C, Heckel M, Treibig T et al (2012) The palliative care team in the intensive care unit. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 107(4):240–243PubMed Klein C, Heckel M, Treibig T et al (2012) The palliative care team in the intensive care unit. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 107(4):240–243PubMed
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Kondrup J, Allison SP, Elia M, Vellas B, Plauth M (2003) ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002. Clin Nutr 22(4):415–421CrossRefPubMed Kondrup J, Allison SP, Elia M, Vellas B, Plauth M (2003) ESPEN guidelines for nutrition screening 2002. Clin Nutr 22(4):415–421CrossRefPubMed
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Kondrup J, Rasmussen HH, Hamberg OLE, Stanga Z (2003) Nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002): a new method based on an analysis of controlled clinical trials. Clin Nutr 22(3):321–336CrossRefPubMed Kondrup J, Rasmussen HH, Hamberg OLE, Stanga Z (2003) Nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002): a new method based on an analysis of controlled clinical trials. Clin Nutr 22(3):321–336CrossRefPubMed
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Koo YW, Kõlves K, De Leo D (2017) Suicide in older adults: differences between the young-old, middle-old, and oldest old. Int Psychogeriatr 29(8):1297–1306CrossRefPubMed Koo YW, Kõlves K, De Leo D (2017) Suicide in older adults: differences between the young-old, middle-old, and oldest old. Int Psychogeriatr 29(8):1297–1306CrossRefPubMed
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Laake JH, Dybwik K, Flaatten HK et al (2010) Impact of the post-World War II generation on intensive care needs in Norway. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 54(4):479–484CrossRefPubMed Laake JH, Dybwik K, Flaatten HK et al (2010) Impact of the post-World War II generation on intensive care needs in Norway. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 54(4):479–484CrossRefPubMed
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Lapin A, Böhmer F (2005) Laboratory diagnosis and geriatrics: more than just reference intervals for the elderly. Wien Med Wochenschr 155(1–2):30–35CrossRefPubMed Lapin A, Böhmer F (2005) Laboratory diagnosis and geriatrics: more than just reference intervals for the elderly. Wien Med Wochenschr 155(1–2):30–35CrossRefPubMed
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Leblanc G, Boumendil A, Guidet B (2017) Ten things to know about critically ill elderly patients. Intensive Care Med 43:217–219CrossRefPubMed Leblanc G, Boumendil A, Guidet B (2017) Ten things to know about critically ill elderly patients. Intensive Care Med 43:217–219CrossRefPubMed
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Leng S, Chaves P, Koenig K, Walston J (2002) Serum Interleukin-6 and haemoglobin as physiological correlates in the geriatric syndrom of frailty: a pilot study. J Am Geriatr Soc 50:1268–1271CrossRefPubMed Leng S, Chaves P, Koenig K, Walston J (2002) Serum Interleukin-6 and haemoglobin as physiological correlates in the geriatric syndrom of frailty: a pilot study. J Am Geriatr Soc 50:1268–1271CrossRefPubMed
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Lew CCH, Yandell R, Fraser RJL et al (2017) Association between malnutrition and clinical outcomes in the intensive care unit: a systematic review. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 41(5):744–758CrossRefPubMed Lew CCH, Yandell R, Fraser RJL et al (2017) Association between malnutrition and clinical outcomes in the intensive care unit: a systematic review. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 41(5):744–758CrossRefPubMed
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Macht M, Wimbish T, Clark BJ et al (2011) Postextubation dysphagia is persistent and associated with poor outcomes in survivors of critical illness. Crit Care 15(5):R231CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Macht M, Wimbish T, Clark BJ et al (2011) Postextubation dysphagia is persistent and associated with poor outcomes in survivors of critical illness. Crit Care 15(5):R231CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Macht M, Wimbish T, Bodine C, Moss M (2013) ICU-acquired swallowing disorders. Crit Care Med 41(10):2396–2405CrossRefPubMed Macht M, Wimbish T, Bodine C, Moss M (2013) ICU-acquired swallowing disorders. Crit Care Med 41(10):2396–2405CrossRefPubMed
79.
Zurück zum Zitat Marik PE (2006) Management of the critically ill geriatric patient. Crit Care Med 34(9 Suppl):S176–S182CrossRefPubMed Marik PE (2006) Management of the critically ill geriatric patient. Crit Care Med 34(9 Suppl):S176–S182CrossRefPubMed
80.
Zurück zum Zitat McCaig L, Bunt C (2004) National ambulatory hospital medical survey. 2002 Emergency department summary. Adv Data 340:1–34 McCaig L, Bunt C (2004) National ambulatory hospital medical survey. 2002 Emergency department summary. Adv Data 340:1–34
81.
Zurück zum Zitat Michels G, Motzko M, Weinert M et al (2015) Management of dysphagia in internal intensive-care medicine. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 110(3):174–181CrossRefPubMed Michels G, Motzko M, Weinert M et al (2015) Management of dysphagia in internal intensive-care medicine. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 110(3):174–181CrossRefPubMed
82.
Zurück zum Zitat Michels G, Nies R, Ortmann S, Pfister R, Salomon F (2018) Management of an elderly patient in the emergency room at the end of life: a medical ethics challenge. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 113(3):208–211CrossRefPubMed Michels G, Nies R, Ortmann S, Pfister R, Salomon F (2018) Management of an elderly patient in the emergency room at the end of life: a medical ethics challenge. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 113(3):208–211CrossRefPubMed
83.
Zurück zum Zitat Michels G, Müller-Werdan U (2019) Intensive care in elderly patients—consideration of age-related organ dysfunction and vulnerability. Dtsch Med Wochenschr (in press) Michels G, Müller-Werdan U (2019) Intensive care in elderly patients—consideration of age-related organ dysfunction and vulnerability. Dtsch Med Wochenschr (in press)
84.
Zurück zum Zitat Muessig JM, Nia AM, Masyuk M et al (2018) Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) reliably stratifies octogenarians in German ICUs: a multicentre prospective cohort study. BMC Geriatr 18(1):162CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Muessig JM, Nia AM, Masyuk M et al (2018) Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) reliably stratifies octogenarians in German ICUs: a multicentre prospective cohort study. BMC Geriatr 18(1):162CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
85.
Zurück zum Zitat Müller-Werdan U, Heppner HJ, Michels G (2018) Geriatric intensive care patients: perspectives and limits of geriatric intensive care medicine. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 113(4):256–259CrossRefPubMed Müller-Werdan U, Heppner HJ, Michels G (2018) Geriatric intensive care patients: perspectives and limits of geriatric intensive care medicine. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 113(4):256–259CrossRefPubMed
86.
Zurück zum Zitat Müllges W (2014) Ätiologie und Therapie des Delirs. Aktuelle Neurol 41:586–596 Müllges W (2014) Ätiologie und Therapie des Delirs. Aktuelle Neurol 41:586–596
87.
Zurück zum Zitat Müllges W, Stoll G (2011) Critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 136(15):769–774CrossRefPubMed Müllges W, Stoll G (2011) Critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 136(15):769–774CrossRefPubMed
88.
Zurück zum Zitat Muscedere J, Waters B, Varambally A et al (2017) The impact of frailty on intensive care unit outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med 43(8):1105–1122CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Muscedere J, Waters B, Varambally A et al (2017) The impact of frailty on intensive care unit outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med 43(8):1105–1122CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
89.
Zurück zum Zitat Neitzke G, Burchardi H, Duttge G et al (2016) Limits of the meaningfulness of intensive care medicine: position paper of the ethics section of DIVI. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 111(6):486–492CrossRefPubMed Neitzke G, Burchardi H, Duttge G et al (2016) Limits of the meaningfulness of intensive care medicine: position paper of the ethics section of DIVI. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 111(6):486–492CrossRefPubMed
90.
Zurück zum Zitat Neitzke G, Böll B, Burchardi H et al (2017) Documentation of decisions to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining therapies: Recommendation of the Ethics Section of the German Interdisciplinary Association of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI) in collaboration with the Ethics Section of the German Society for Medical Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (DGIIN). Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 112(6):527–530CrossRefPubMed Neitzke G, Böll B, Burchardi H et al (2017) Documentation of decisions to withhold or withdraw life-sustaining therapies: Recommendation of the Ethics Section of the German Interdisciplinary Association of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI) in collaboration with the Ethics Section of the German Society for Medical Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (DGIIN). Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 112(6):527–530CrossRefPubMed
91.
Zurück zum Zitat Neitzke G, Burchardi H, Duttge G et al (2019) Limits to the appropriateness of intensive care: policy statement of the German Interdisciplinary Association of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI). Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 114(1):46–52PubMed Neitzke G, Burchardi H, Duttge G et al (2019) Limits to the appropriateness of intensive care: policy statement of the German Interdisciplinary Association of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine (DIVI). Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 114(1):46–52PubMed
92.
Zurück zum Zitat Nelson JE, Mathews KS, Weissman DE et al (2015) Integration of palliative care in the context of rapid response: a report from the Improving Palliative Care in the ICU advisory board. Chest 147(2):560–569CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Nelson JE, Mathews KS, Weissman DE et al (2015) Integration of palliative care in the context of rapid response: a report from the Improving Palliative Care in the ICU advisory board. Chest 147(2):560–569CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
93.
Zurück zum Zitat Nielsson MS, Christiansen CF, Johansen MB et al (2014) Mortality in elderly ICU patients: a cohort study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 58(1):19–26CrossRefPubMed Nielsson MS, Christiansen CF, Johansen MB et al (2014) Mortality in elderly ICU patients: a cohort study. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 58(1):19–26CrossRefPubMed
94.
Zurück zum Zitat Nordheim J, Maaz A, Winter MHJ et al (2006) Vielnutzung von Krankenversicherungsleistungen im Alter – eine Analyse von Krankenhaus- und. Arzneimitteldaten Z Ärztl Fortb Qual Gesundhwes 100:609–615 Nordheim J, Maaz A, Winter MHJ et al (2006) Vielnutzung von Krankenversicherungsleistungen im Alter – eine Analyse von Krankenhaus- und. Arzneimitteldaten Z Ärztl Fortb Qual Gesundhwes 100:609–615
95.
Zurück zum Zitat Oczkowski SJ, Chung HO, Hanvey L, Mbuagbaw L, You JJ (2016) Communication tools for end-of-life decision-making in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care 20:97CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Oczkowski SJ, Chung HO, Hanvey L, Mbuagbaw L, You JJ (2016) Communication tools for end-of-life decision-making in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care 20:97CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
96.
Zurück zum Zitat Phillips SM, Dickerson RN, Moore FA, Paddon-Jones D, Weijs PJ (2017) Protein turnover and metabolism in the elderly intensive care unit patient. Nutr Clin Pract 32(1_suppl):112S–120SCrossRefPubMed Phillips SM, Dickerson RN, Moore FA, Paddon-Jones D, Weijs PJ (2017) Protein turnover and metabolism in the elderly intensive care unit patient. Nutr Clin Pract 32(1_suppl):112S–120SCrossRefPubMed
97.
Zurück zum Zitat Pisani MA, Kong SY, Kasl SV et al (2009) Days of delirium are associated with 1‑year mortality in an older intensive care unit population. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 180(11):1092–1097CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Pisani MA, Kong SY, Kasl SV et al (2009) Days of delirium are associated with 1‑year mortality in an older intensive care unit population. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 180(11):1092–1097CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
98.
Zurück zum Zitat Pourhassan M, Cuvelier I, Gehrke I et al (2018a) Prevalence of risk factors for the refeeding syndrome in older hospitalized patients. J Nutr Health Aging 22(3):321–327CrossRefPubMed Pourhassan M, Cuvelier I, Gehrke I et al (2018a) Prevalence of risk factors for the refeeding syndrome in older hospitalized patients. J Nutr Health Aging 22(3):321–327CrossRefPubMed
99.
Zurück zum Zitat Pourhassan M, Cuvelier I, Gehrke I et al (2018b) Risk factors of refeeding syndrome in malnourished older hospitalized patients. Clin Nutr 37(4):1354–1359CrossRefPubMed Pourhassan M, Cuvelier I, Gehrke I et al (2018b) Risk factors of refeeding syndrome in malnourished older hospitalized patients. Clin Nutr 37(4):1354–1359CrossRefPubMed
100.
Zurück zum Zitat Pourhassan M, Böttger S, Janssen G, Sieske L, Wirth R (2018) The association of inflammation with food intake in older hospitalized patients. J Nutr Health Aging 22(5):589–593CrossRefPubMed Pourhassan M, Böttger S, Janssen G, Sieske L, Wirth R (2018) The association of inflammation with food intake in older hospitalized patients. J Nutr Health Aging 22(5):589–593CrossRefPubMed
101.
Zurück zum Zitat Puntillo K, Nelson JE, Weissman D et al (2014) Palliative care in the ICU: relief of pain, dyspnea, and thirst—a report from the IPAL-ICU Advisory Board. Intensive Care Med 40(2):235–248CrossRefPubMed Puntillo K, Nelson JE, Weissman D et al (2014) Palliative care in the ICU: relief of pain, dyspnea, and thirst—a report from the IPAL-ICU Advisory Board. Intensive Care Med 40(2):235–248CrossRefPubMed
102.
Zurück zum Zitat Puthucheary ZA, Rawal J, McPhail M et al (2013) Acute skeletal muscle wasting in critical illness. JAMA 310(15):1591–1600CrossRefPubMed Puthucheary ZA, Rawal J, McPhail M et al (2013) Acute skeletal muscle wasting in critical illness. JAMA 310(15):1591–1600CrossRefPubMed
104.
Zurück zum Zitat Raynaud-Simon A, Cohen-Bittan J, Gouronnec A et al (2010) Scurvy in hospitalized elderly patients. J Nutr Health Aging 14(6):407–410CrossRefPubMed Raynaud-Simon A, Cohen-Bittan J, Gouronnec A et al (2010) Scurvy in hospitalized elderly patients. J Nutr Health Aging 14(6):407–410CrossRefPubMed
105.
Zurück zum Zitat Reeve E, Wiese MD, Mangoni AA (2015) Alterations in drug disposition in older adults. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 11:491–508CrossRefPubMed Reeve E, Wiese MD, Mangoni AA (2015) Alterations in drug disposition in older adults. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 11:491–508CrossRefPubMed
106.
Zurück zum Zitat Reinikainen M, Uusaro A, Niskanen M, Ruokonen E (2007) Intensive care of the elderly in Finland. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 51(5):522–529CrossRefPubMed Reinikainen M, Uusaro A, Niskanen M, Ruokonen E (2007) Intensive care of the elderly in Finland. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 51(5):522–529CrossRefPubMed
107.
Zurück zum Zitat Resnick NM, Marcantonio ER (1997) How should clinical care of the aged differ? Lancet 350:1157–1158CrossRefPubMed Resnick NM, Marcantonio ER (1997) How should clinical care of the aged differ? Lancet 350:1157–1158CrossRefPubMed
108.
Zurück zum Zitat Rich MW, Chyun DA, Skolnick AH et al (2016) Knowledge gaps in cardiovascular care of older adults: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Geriatrics Society: executive summary. J Am Geriatr Soc 64:2185–2192CrossRefPubMed Rich MW, Chyun DA, Skolnick AH et al (2016) Knowledge gaps in cardiovascular care of older adults: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Geriatrics Society: executive summary. J Am Geriatr Soc 64:2185–2192CrossRefPubMed
109.
Zurück zum Zitat Riessen R, Bantlin C, Wiesing U, Haap M (2013) End-of life decisions in intensive care units. Influence of patient wishes on therapeutic decision making. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 108(5):412–418CrossRefPubMed Riessen R, Bantlin C, Wiesing U, Haap M (2013) End-of life decisions in intensive care units. Influence of patient wishes on therapeutic decision making. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 108(5):412–418CrossRefPubMed
110.
111.
Zurück zum Zitat Roffi M, Patrono C, Collet JP et al (2016) 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 37:267–315CrossRefPubMed Roffi M, Patrono C, Collet JP et al (2016) 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation: Task Force for the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Presenting without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 37:267–315CrossRefPubMed
112.
Zurück zum Zitat Rutschmann OT, Cevalley T, Zumwald C, Luthy C, Vermeulen B (2005) Pittfals in the emergency department triage of frail elederly patients without specific complaints. Swiss Med Wkly 135:145–150PubMed Rutschmann OT, Cevalley T, Zumwald C, Luthy C, Vermeulen B (2005) Pittfals in the emergency department triage of frail elederly patients without specific complaints. Swiss Med Wkly 135:145–150PubMed
114.
Zurück zum Zitat Sacanella E, Pérez-Castejón JM, Nicolás JM et al (2011) Functional status and quality of life 12 months after discharge from a medical ICU in healthy elderly patients: a prospective observational study. Crit Care 5:R105CrossRef Sacanella E, Pérez-Castejón JM, Nicolás JM et al (2011) Functional status and quality of life 12 months after discharge from a medical ICU in healthy elderly patients: a prospective observational study. Crit Care 5:R105CrossRef
115.
Zurück zum Zitat Scheel R, Pisegna JM, McNally E, Noordzij JP, Langmore SE (2016) Endoscopic assessment of swallowing after prolonged Intubation in the ICU setting. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 125(1):43–52CrossRefPubMed Scheel R, Pisegna JM, McNally E, Noordzij JP, Langmore SE (2016) Endoscopic assessment of swallowing after prolonged Intubation in the ICU setting. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 125(1):43–52CrossRefPubMed
116.
Zurück zum Zitat Schmid H, Schiffl H, Lederer SR (2011) Die akute Nierenschädigung. Intensivmed 48:468–473CrossRef Schmid H, Schiffl H, Lederer SR (2011) Die akute Nierenschädigung. Intensivmed 48:468–473CrossRef
117.
Zurück zum Zitat Schmiedl S, Kohl V, Thürmann P (2014) Gleichzeitige Verordnung von Analgetika und Psychopharmaka. Welche Interaktionen sind relevant? Angew Schmerzther Palliativmed 7:27CrossRef Schmiedl S, Kohl V, Thürmann P (2014) Gleichzeitige Verordnung von Analgetika und Psychopharmaka. Welche Interaktionen sind relevant? Angew Schmerzther Palliativmed 7:27CrossRef
118.
Zurück zum Zitat Schuster M, Ferner M, Bodenstein M, Laufenberg-Feldmann R (2017) Palliative therapy concepts in intensive care medicine. Anaesthesist 66(4):233–239CrossRefPubMed Schuster M, Ferner M, Bodenstein M, Laufenberg-Feldmann R (2017) Palliative therapy concepts in intensive care medicine. Anaesthesist 66(4):233–239CrossRefPubMed
119.
Zurück zum Zitat Shears M, Takaoka A, Rochwerg B et al (2018) Assessing frailty in the intensive care unit: A reliability and validity study. J Crit Care 45:197–203CrossRefPubMed Shears M, Takaoka A, Rochwerg B et al (2018) Assessing frailty in the intensive care unit: A reliability and validity study. J Crit Care 45:197–203CrossRefPubMed
120.
Zurück zum Zitat Shi S, Mörike K, Klotz U (2008) The clinical implications of ageing for rational drug therapy. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 64:183–199CrossRefPubMed Shi S, Mörike K, Klotz U (2008) The clinical implications of ageing for rational drug therapy. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 64:183–199CrossRefPubMed
121.
Zurück zum Zitat Simon A (2011) Alte Patienten in der Intensivmedizin: Ethische Aspekte. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 106:24–28CrossRefPubMed Simon A (2011) Alte Patienten in der Intensivmedizin: Ethische Aspekte. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 106:24–28CrossRefPubMed
122.
Zurück zum Zitat Singler K, Thiem U, Christ M et al (2014) Aspects and assessment of delirium in old age. First data from a German interdisciplinary emergency department. Z Gerontol Geriatr 47(8):680–685CrossRefPubMed Singler K, Thiem U, Christ M et al (2014) Aspects and assessment of delirium in old age. First data from a German interdisciplinary emergency department. Z Gerontol Geriatr 47(8):680–685CrossRefPubMed
123.
Zurück zum Zitat Sligl WI, Eurich DT, Marrie TJ, Majumdar SR (2010) Age still matters: Prognosticating short- and long-term mortality for critically ill patients with pneumonia. Crit Care Med 38:2126–2132CrossRefPubMed Sligl WI, Eurich DT, Marrie TJ, Majumdar SR (2010) Age still matters: Prognosticating short- and long-term mortality for critically ill patients with pneumonia. Crit Care Med 38:2126–2132CrossRefPubMed
124.
Zurück zum Zitat Soderstrom L, Rosenblad A, Thors Adolfsson E, Bergkvist L (2017) Malnutrition is associated with increased mortality in older adults regardless of the cause of death. Br J Nutr 117(4):532–540CrossRefPubMed Soderstrom L, Rosenblad A, Thors Adolfsson E, Bergkvist L (2017) Malnutrition is associated with increased mortality in older adults regardless of the cause of death. Br J Nutr 117(4):532–540CrossRefPubMed
125.
Zurück zum Zitat Sprung CL, Artigas A, Kesecioglu J et al (2012) The Eldicus prospective, observational study of triage decision making in European intensive care units. Part II: intensive care benefit for the elderly. Crit Care Med 40(1):132–138CrossRefPubMed Sprung CL, Artigas A, Kesecioglu J et al (2012) The Eldicus prospective, observational study of triage decision making in European intensive care units. Part II: intensive care benefit for the elderly. Crit Care Med 40(1):132–138CrossRefPubMed
128.
Zurück zum Zitat Thibault R, Pichard C (2010) Nutrition and clinical outcome in intensive care patients. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 13(2):177–183CrossRefPubMed Thibault R, Pichard C (2010) Nutrition and clinical outcome in intensive care patients. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 13(2):177–183CrossRefPubMed
129.
Zurück zum Zitat Thürmann PA (2014) Polypharmazie. Treiben Sie den Teufel nicht mit dem Beelzebub aus! MMW Fortschr Med 156:56–61CrossRefPubMed Thürmann PA (2014) Polypharmazie. Treiben Sie den Teufel nicht mit dem Beelzebub aus! MMW Fortschr Med 156:56–61CrossRefPubMed
130.
Zurück zum Zitat Thürmann PA, Schmiedl S (2011) Pharmakotherapie alter Patienten. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 106:16–23CrossRefPubMed Thürmann PA, Schmiedl S (2011) Pharmakotherapie alter Patienten. Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 106:16–23CrossRefPubMed
131.
Zurück zum Zitat Tran D, Rajwani K, Berlin DA (2018) Pulmonary effects of aging. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 31(1):19–23PubMed Tran D, Rajwani K, Berlin DA (2018) Pulmonary effects of aging. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 31(1):19–23PubMed
133.
Zurück zum Zitat Vargas N, Vargas M, Galluccio V et al (2014) Non-invasive ventilation for very old patients with limitations to respiratory care in half-open geriatric ward: experience on a consecutive cohort of patients. Aging Clin Exp Res 26(6):615–623CrossRefPubMed Vargas N, Vargas M, Galluccio V et al (2014) Non-invasive ventilation for very old patients with limitations to respiratory care in half-open geriatric ward: experience on a consecutive cohort of patients. Aging Clin Exp Res 26(6):615–623CrossRefPubMed
134.
Zurück zum Zitat Vargas N, Tibullo L, Landi E et al (2017) Caring for critically ill oldest old patients: a clinical review. Aging Clin Exp Res 29(5):833–845CrossRefPubMed Vargas N, Tibullo L, Landi E et al (2017) Caring for critically ill oldest old patients: a clinical review. Aging Clin Exp Res 29(5):833–845CrossRefPubMed
135.
Zurück zum Zitat Volkert D, Bauer JM, Frühwald T et al (2013) Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährungsmedizin (DGEM) in Zusammenarbeit mit der GESEKES, der AKE und DGG: Kinische Ernährung in der Geriatrie. Aktuel Ernährungsmed 38:1–48 Volkert D, Bauer JM, Frühwald T et al (2013) Leitlinie der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährungsmedizin (DGEM) in Zusammenarbeit mit der GESEKES, der AKE und DGG: Kinische Ernährung in der Geriatrie. Aktuel Ernährungsmed 38:1–48
136.
Zurück zum Zitat Volkert D, Beck AM, Cederholm T et al (2019) ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics. Clin Nutr 38(1):10–47CrossRefPubMed Volkert D, Beck AM, Cederholm T et al (2019) ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition and hydration in geriatrics. Clin Nutr 38(1):10–47CrossRefPubMed
137.
Zurück zum Zitat Walker DM, Gale CP, Lip G et al (2018) Editor’s Choice—Frailty and the management of patients with acute cardiovascular disease: a position paper from the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 7(2):176–193CrossRefPubMed Walker DM, Gale CP, Lip G et al (2018) Editor’s Choice—Frailty and the management of patients with acute cardiovascular disease: a position paper from the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care 7(2):176–193CrossRefPubMed
138.
Zurück zum Zitat Walston J, McBurnie MA, Newman A et al (2002) Frailty and activation of the inflammation and coagulation systems with and without clinical comorbidities. Arch Intern Med 162:2333–2341CrossRefPubMed Walston J, McBurnie MA, Newman A et al (2002) Frailty and activation of the inflammation and coagulation systems with and without clinical comorbidities. Arch Intern Med 162:2333–2341CrossRefPubMed
140.
Zurück zum Zitat Wirth R, Sieber CC (2012) Health care professionals underestimate the mean life expectancy of older people. Gerontology 58(1):56–59CrossRefPubMed Wirth R, Sieber CC (2012) Health care professionals underestimate the mean life expectancy of older people. Gerontology 58(1):56–59CrossRefPubMed
141.
Zurück zum Zitat Wirth R, Dziewas R, Beck AM et al (2016) Oropharyngeal dysphagia in older persons—from pathophysiology to adequate intervention: a review and summary of an international expert meeting. Clin Interv Aging 11:189–208CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Wirth R, Dziewas R, Beck AM et al (2016) Oropharyngeal dysphagia in older persons—from pathophysiology to adequate intervention: a review and summary of an international expert meeting. Clin Interv Aging 11:189–208CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
142.
Zurück zum Zitat Wirth R, Diekmann R, Janssen G et al (2018) Refeeding syndrome: Pathophysiology, risk factors, prevention, and treatment. Internist (Berl) 59(4):326–333CrossRef Wirth R, Diekmann R, Janssen G et al (2018) Refeeding syndrome: Pathophysiology, risk factors, prevention, and treatment. Internist (Berl) 59(4):326–333CrossRef
143.
Zurück zum Zitat Wirth R, Bauer J, Sieber C (2007) Erythrocyte volume is a poor predictor of cobalamin and folate deficiency in geriatric patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 55(12):2100–2101CrossRefPubMed Wirth R, Bauer J, Sieber C (2007) Erythrocyte volume is a poor predictor of cobalamin and folate deficiency in geriatric patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 55(12):2100–2101CrossRefPubMed
144.
Zurück zum Zitat Yatabe T, Nishigaki A, Tamura T, Yokoyama M (2018) Mortality and physical status at hospital discharge in Japanese elderly critically ill patients: a single-center retrospective study. JA Clin Rep 4:1CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Yatabe T, Nishigaki A, Tamura T, Yokoyama M (2018) Mortality and physical status at hospital discharge in Japanese elderly critically ill patients: a single-center retrospective study. JA Clin Rep 4:1CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
146.
Zurück zum Zitat Yoshioka N, Takagi K, Morita Y et al (2019) Impact of the clinical frailty scale on mid-term mortality in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 22:192–198PubMedPubMedCentral Yoshioka N, Takagi K, Morita Y et al (2019) Impact of the clinical frailty scale on mid-term mortality in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 22:192–198PubMedPubMedCentral
147.
Zurück zum Zitat von Zglinicki T (2010) Alter und Altern. In: Schmidt, Lang, Heckmann (Hrsg) Physiologie des Menschen, 31. Aufl. Kapitel 41, S 877–891CrossRef von Zglinicki T (2010) Alter und Altern. In: Schmidt, Lang, Heckmann (Hrsg) Physiologie des Menschen, 31. Aufl. Kapitel 41, S 877–891CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Geriatrische Intensivmedizin
Konsensuspapier der DGIIN, DIVI, DGAI, DGGG, ÖGGG, ÖGIAIN, DGP, DGEM, DGD, DGNI, DGIM, DGKliPha und DGG
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. Guido Michels
Cornel C. Sieber
Gernot Marx
Regina Roller-Wirnsberger
Michael Joannidis
Ursula Müller-Werdan
Wolfgang Müllges
Georg Gahn
Roman Pfister
Petra A. Thürmann
Rainer Wirth
Jana Fresenborg
Ludwig Kuntz
Steffen T. Simon
Uwe Janssens
Hans Jürgen Heppner
Publikationsdatum
05.07.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie / Ausgabe 5/2019
Print ISSN: 0948-6704
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1269
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-019-01584-6

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2019

Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie 5/2019 Zur Ausgabe

Mitteilungen des BV Geriatrie

Mitteilungen des BV Geriatrie

Journal Club

Journal Club

Mitteilungen der DGG

Mitteilungen der DGG