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Balloon-Assisted Occlusion of the Internal Iliac Arteries in Patients with Placenta Accreta/Percreta

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Abstract

Background

Placenta accreta/percreta is a leading cause of third trimester hemorrhage and postpartum maternal death. The current treatment for third trimester hemorrhage due to placenta accreta/percreta is cesarean hysterectomy, which may be complicated by large volume blood loss.

Purpose

To determine what role, if any, prophylactic temporary balloon occlusion and transcatheter embolization of the anterior division of the internal iliac arteries plays in the management of patients with placenta accreta/percreta.

Methods

The records of 28 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of placenta accreta/percreta were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups. Six patients underwent prophylactic temporary balloon occlusion, followed by cesarean section, transcatheter embolization of the anterior division of the internal iliac arteries and cesarean hysterectomy (n = 5) or uterine curettage (n = 1). Twenty-two patients underwent cesarean hysterectomy without endovascular intervention. The following parameters were compared in the two groups: patient age, gravidity, parity, gestational age at delivery, days in the intensive care unit after delivery, total hospital days, volume of transfused blood products, volume of fluid replacement intraoperatively, operating room time, estimated blood loss, and postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Results

Patients in the embolization group had more frequent episodes of third trimester bleeding requiring admission and bedrest prior to delivery (16.7 days vs. 2.9 days), resulting in significantly more hospitalization time in the embolization group (23 days vs. 8.8 days) and delivery at an earlier gestational age than in those in the surgical group (32.5 weeks). There was no statistical difference in mean estimated blood loss, volume of replaced blood products, fluid replacement needs, operating room time or postoperative recovery time.

Conclusion

Our findings do not support the contention that in patients with placenta accreta/percreta, prophylactic temporary balloon occlusion and embolization prior to hysterectomy diminishes intraoperative blood loss.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, UMDNJ–Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Medical Education Building, Room 404, P.O. Box 19, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903-0019, USA

    Leonard J. Bodner, John L. Nosher, Randall L. Siegel & Stephanie Beale

  2. Department of Radiology, St. Peter’s University Hospital, 254 Easton Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA

    Christopher Gribbin

  3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Saint Peter’s University Hospital, 254 Easton Avenue, New Brunswick, NJ, 08903, USA

    William Scorza

Authors
  1. Leonard J. Bodner
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  2. John L. Nosher
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  3. Christopher Gribbin
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  4. Randall L. Siegel
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  5. Stephanie Beale
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  6. William Scorza
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Correspondence to John L. Nosher.

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Bodner, L.J., Nosher, J.L., Gribbin, C. et al. Balloon-Assisted Occlusion of the Internal Iliac Arteries in Patients with Placenta Accreta/Percreta. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 29, 354–361 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-005-0023-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00270-005-0023-2

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